Objective:To investigate the utility of 68Ga-fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitor (FAPI)-04 PET imaging in assessing the therapeutic response in pressure overload-induced heart failure. Methods:Rat models of pressure overload-induced heart failure were established by abdominal aortic constriction (AAC). Thirty rats were categorized into AAC group, 7 days reverse AAC (rAAC) group, and sham operation (sham) group ( n=10 per group) using completely random grouping method. All rats underwent 68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging at 4 and 8 weeks after the ACC operation, while echocardiography, pathological examination, and immunohistochemical analysis were performed at 8 weeks postoperation. One-way analysis of variance, independent-sample t test and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results:68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT imaging showed that the target-to-background ratios of the heart and liver had significant differences among three groups both at 4 and 8 weeks postoperation ( F values: 2 547.12, 2 041.71, 462.65, 1 210.97, all P<0.001). Echocardiography revealed left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole (LVIDd), and left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole (LVIDs) in three groups at 8 weeks postoperation were significantly different ( F values: 118.92, 9.11, 10.63, all P<0.01). Rats were sacrificed at 8 weeks postoperation, and Masson staining showed that the fibrosis in the heart and liver of the rAAC group was significantly improved compared with that of the AAC group, and immunohistochemical analysis revealed significantly lower FAP levels in the heart and liver of the rAAC group compared with those of the AAC group ( t values: from -11.27 to -4.16, all P<0.01). FAPI uptake in the heart of the AAC group and rAAC group at 8 weeks postoperation were significantly positively correlated with FAPI uptake in the liver, LVIDd and LVIDs, FAPI uptake in the heart was significantly negatively correlated with LVEF, and FAPI uptake in the heart and liver were significantly positively correlated with fibrosis degree and FAP levels of corresponding organs ( r values: -0.89, -0.88, 0.72-0.97, all P<0.05). Conclusions:68Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT can show the improvement process of cardio-liver fibrosis following the unloading of excessive pressure in heart failure. Myocardial FAPI uptake is closely related to the extent of heart failure improvement.

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly used as first-line therapy for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring no actionable mutations; however, data on their efficacy among patients presenting with intracranial lesions are limited. This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of ICIs combined with chemotherapy in advanced NSCLC patients with measurable brain metastasis at initial diagnosis. METHODS: Our study retrospectively analyzed clinical data of a total of 211 patients diagnosed with driver gene mutation-negative advanced NSCLC with measurable, asymptomatic brain metastasis at baseline from Hunan Cancer Hospital between January 1, 2019 and September 30, 2021. The patients were stratified into two groups according to the first-line treatment regimen received: ICI combined with chemotherapy ( n = 102) or chemotherapy ( n = 109). Systemic and intracranial objective response rates (ORRs) and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed. Adverse events were also compared between the groups. RESULTS: Compared with the chemotherapy-based regimen, the ICI-containing regimen was associated with a significantly higher intracranial (44.1% [45/102] vs . 28.4% [31/109], χ2 = 5.620, P = 0.013) and systemic (49.0% [50/102] vs . 33.9% [37/109], χ2 = 4.942, P = 0.019) ORRs and longer intracranial (11.0 months vs . 7.0 months, P <0.001) and systemic (9.0 months vs . 5.0 months, P <0.001) PFS. Multivariable analysis consistently revealed an independent association between receiving ICI plus platinum-based chemotherapy as a first-line regimen and prolonged intracranial PFS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.37-0.73, P <0.001) and systemic PFS (HR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.35-0.66, P <0.001). No unexpected serious adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION: Our study provides real-world clinical evidence that ICI combined with chemotherapy is a promising first-line treatment option for driver gene mutation-negative advanced NSCLC patients who present with brain metastasis at initial diagnosis. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ , OMESIA, NCT05129202.
Humans ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics* ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics*

Objective:To investigate the clinical application of salvianolate for injection in Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province and evaluate its rationality of injection.Methods:From March 2018 to November 2018, 560 patients treated with salvianolate for injection in Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province were selected by random sampling method.The indications, usage and dosage, route of administration, choice of vehicle, concentration of vehicle, course of treatment, compatibility, contraindications and adverse reactions of salvianolate for injection were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Totally 560 inpatients received salvianolate for injection were collected, about 26.96%(151/560) was consistent with the indication, 99.82%(559/560) with a correct administration dosage and frequency, 100.00%(560/560) with right administration route, 95.00%(532/560) with a right solvent selection, 67.86%(380/560) with correct solvent concentration, 61.07%(342/560) with a correct treatment course, 100.00%(560/560) with a right medicine combination, about 94.46%(529/560) was consistent with coagulation function contraindication, about 90.18%(505/560) was consistent with liver function contraindication.The incidence of adverse reactions was 1.61%(9/560).Conclusion:In the clinical application of salvianolate for injection, a high rate of unreasonable usage is found in indication, treatment course and solvent selection.Because of the serious problems in the use of salvianolate injection, it should be used strictly to ensure clinical medication safety.

Objective To investigate the relationship between hematocrit(HCT) and the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods A community-based health examination survey in individuals who were randomly selected from residents living in the urban area of Xuzhou was carried out in 2006.2 798 subjects without nonalcoholic fatty liver disease were included in the present study.Subjects were divided into two groups according to HCT level,group A (HCT ≤ 0.49 L/L) and group B (HCT ＞ 0.49 L/L).Serum alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,triglycerides,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein-cholesterol,low density lipoproteincholesterol,fasting plasma glucose,and imaging examinations were determined.Results The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was higher in group B than that in group A (26.5％ vs 15.9％,P＜0.01),and the difference was statistically significant.Logistic regression showed that the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was increased along with elevated levels of HCT.Conclusions HCT is found to be correlated with the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

For transcriptome analysis,it is critical to precisely define all the transcripts across the whole genome.More and more digital gene expression (DGE) scannings have indicated the presence of huge amount of novel transcripts in addition to the known gene models.However,almost all these studies still depend crucially on existing annotation.Here,we present Gene2DGE,a Perl software package for gene model renewal with DGE data.We applied Gene2DGE to the mouse blastomere transcriptome,and defined 98,532 read-enriched regions (RERs) by read clustering supported by more than four reads for each base pair.Taking advantage of this ab initio method,we refined 2,104 exonic regions (4％ of a total of 48,501 annotated transcribed regions) with remarkable extension into un-annotated regions (＞50 bp).For 5％ of uniquely mapped reads falling within intron regions,we identified 13,291 additional possible exons.As a result,we renewed 4,788 gene models,which account for 39％ of a total of 12,277 transcribed genes.Furthermore,we identified 12,613 intergenic RERs,suggesting the possible presence of novel genes outside the existing gene models.In this study,therefore,we have developed a suitable tool for renewal of known gene models by ab initio prediction in transcriptome dissection.The Gene2DGE package is freely available at http://bighapmap.big.ac.cn/.