Lipidomics is an emerging discipline that systematically studies the various types, functions, and metabolic pathways of lipids within living organisms. This field compares changes in diseases or drug impact, identifying biomarkers and molecular mechanisms present in lipid metabolic networks across different physiological or pathological states. Through employing analytical chemistry within the realm of lipidomics, researchers analyze traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). This analysis aids in uncovering potential mechanisms for treating diverse physiopathological conditions, assessing drug efficacy, understanding mechanisms of action and toxicity, and generating innovative ideas for disease prevention and treatment. This manuscript assesses recent literature, summarizing existing lipidomics technologies and their applications in TCM research. It delineates the efficacy, mechanisms, and toxicity research related to lipidomics in Chinese medicine. Additionally, it explores the utilization of lipidomics in quality control research for Chinese medicine, aiming to expand the application of lipidomics within this field. Ultimately, this initiative seeks to foster the integration of traditional medicine theory with modern science and technology, promoting an organic fusion between the two domains.

Objective The high post-surgery recurrence rate of endometriosis(EMs)has emerged as a challenge in the long-term manaagement of the condition.This study is aimed at investigating the mechanisms of Neiyiting(NYT)decoction in preventing postoperative recurrence of EMs.Methods An animal model of EMs postoperative recurrence and a model of endometrial stromal cells(hEM15A)cocultured with macrophages(RAW 264.7 cell line)were established for both in vivo and in vitro experiments.An autotransplantation method was used to establish a rat model of EMs.The rats were divided into 4 groups(6 rats per group)and received the corresponding treatments:a Model group receiving distilled water,a Gestrinone group receiving gestrinone at 0.325 mg/kg,a low-dose NYT(NYT-L)group receiving NYT decoction at 5.04 g/(kg-d),and a high-dose NYT(NYT-H)group receiving NYT decoction at 10.08 g/(kg-d).The treatment was administered for 3 weeks via intragastric gavage.In addition,6 SD rats were randomly selected for the control group(Control group),and were given distilled water for 3 weeks via intragastric gavage.The sizes and pathological changes of recurrent lesions in EMs rats were observed.Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were performed to assess the expression of M1 macrophage marker CD86 protein and mRNA in vivo.Additionally,immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to assess the expression of indicator proteins related to the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1(TREM1)/Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway and mRNA.The proliferation of hEM15A cells in the coculture experiment was observed.Flow cytometry was performed to determine the polarization of RAW264.7 macrophages,and qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and interleukin 1β(IL-1β)mRNA.Western blot was performed to determine the expression of signaling pathway-related indicator proteins in vitro.ELISA was performed to determine the levels of inflammatory factors in vitro.Results Compared with the Model group,the volume of recurrent lesions in the NYT-H group was reduced(P＜0.01).Findings from the macrophage M1 polarization assessment showed that the expression levels of CD86 protein and mRNA in the recurrent lesions of the Model group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01).The expression levels of CD86 protein and mRNA in the recurrent lesions of the NYT-H group were lower than those of the Model group(P＜0.01).In addition,the RAW 264.7 cell experiment further verified that NYT decoction could reduce the number of CD86-positive macrophages induced by plasmids overexpressing TREM1 and reduce the expression of IL-1β and iNOS mRNA(P＜0.01).The results of the hEM15A cell proliferation assay showed that NYT decoction down-regulated KI-67 protein expression in hEM15A cells induced by macrophage M1 polarization(P＜0.01).The results of TREM1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway showed that the protein and mRNA expression levels of TREM1,TLR4,and NF-κB in the recurrent lesions of the Model group were higher than those of the control group(P＜0.01).Compared with those in the Model group,the protein and mRNA expression levels of TREM1,TLR4,and NF-κB in the recurrent lesions of the NYT-H group were lower(P＜0.01).In addition,the coculture experiment of RAW264.7 and hEM15A cells further confirmed that NYT decoction reduced the expression of TREM1,TLR4,and P-P65 proteins(P＜0.01).Conclusion NYT decoction can inhibit macrophage M1 polarization through the TREM1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway,improve the inflammation level,and inhibit the formation of ectopic endometrial lesions,thereby preventing postoperative recurrence of EMs.

To have better clinical understanding of Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia(SIOD) through analyzing the clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of four patients with SIOD.

Mutations in the SAMD9 and SAMD9L genes are associated with MIRAGE syndrome and ATXPC syndrome, respectively. This study reports the clinical characteristics and genetic analysis of one case with SAMD9 mutation (c.3809T > A, p.F1270Y) and two cases with SAMD9L mutations (c.2675T > G, p.M892R; c.1096T > G, p.F366V and c.4517T > C, p.L1506p), none of which have been previously reported. All patients presented with recurrent infections, growth retardation, and myelodys-plasia, with varying degrees of involvement of multiple systems, including respiratory, gastrointestinal, immune, endocrine, neurological, and reproductive systems. In terms of treatment, two patients underwent regular intravenous immunoglobulin and their clinical symptoms improved, while one patient had a favorable recovery following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at the age of 1 year and 5 months of age. SAMD9/SAMD9L gene mutations, therefore, chould be considered in children with recurrent infections, myelodysplasia, pancytopenia, and growth retardation. Early genetic testing is crucial for timely diagnosis and treatment, which may improve patient outcomes.

Objective To investigate the correlation between tongue and pulse indicators and the out-come of live birth in patients undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer(FET),as well as the association between these indicators and patients'endocrine parameters. Methods This study was conducted at Reproductive Medicine Center,Shuguang Hospital Af-filiated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai,China,from March 8,2021 to January 5,2022.Patients undergoing FET were divided into live birth and non-live birth groups according to their live birth outcome.The differences between the endocrine pa-rameters[basic follicle stimulating hormone(b FSH),basic luteinizing hormone(b LH),basic estradiol(b E2),basic progesterone(b P),basal endometrial thickness,follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)on endometrial transition day,luteinizing hormone(LH)on endometrial transition day,estradiol(E2)on endometrial transition day,progesterone(P)on endometrial transition day,and endometrial thickness on endometrial transition day]and the tongue and pulse indicators[tongue body(TB)-L,TB-a,TB-b,tongue coating(TC)-L,TC-a,TC-b,perAll,perPart,h1,h4,h5,t1,h1/t1,and h4/h1]of patients in the two groups were analyzed,with the correlation between these variables analyzed as well using Spearman's correlation coefficient.Multivariate logistic regression was employed to identify the influential factors in the live birth prediction models across various datasets,including Model 1 consisting of endocrine indica-tors only,Model 2 solely consisting of tongue and pulse indicators,and Model 3 consisting of both tongue,pulse,and endocrine indicators,as well as to evaluate efficacy of the models de-rived from different datasets. Results This study included 78 patients in live birth group and 144 patients in non-live birth group.Compared with non-live birth group,live birth group exhibited higher levels of TB-L(P=0.01)and TB-a(P=0.04),while demonstrated lower levels of b FSH(P=0.01),perAll(P=0.04),and h4/h1(P=0.03).The Spearman's correlation coefficient analysis revealed statisti-cally significant correlation(P<0.05)between TB-L,TB-b,TC-L,TC-b,perAll,perPart,h4,h5,t1,h1/t1 and b FSH,b LH,basal endometrial thickness,LH on endometrial transition day,E2 on endometrial transition day,P on endometrial transition day,and endometrial thickness on endometrial transition day in live birth group.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the prediction Model 3 for live birth outcome[area under the curve(AUC):0.917,95%confidence interval(CI):0.863-0.971,P<0.001]surpassed the Model 1(AUC:0.698,95%CI:0.593-0.803,P=0.001),or the Model 2(AUC:0.790,95%CI:0.699-0.880,P<0.001).The regression equations for the live birth outcomes,integrating tongue and pulse indicators with endocrine parameters,included the following measures:FSH on endometrial transition day[odds ratio(OR):0.523,P=0.025],LH on endometrial transition day(OR:1.277,P=0.029),TB-L(OR:2.401,P=0.001),perPart(OR:1.018,P=0.013),h1(OR:0.065,P=0.021),t1(OR:4.354,P=0.024),and h4/h1(OR:0.018,P=0.016). Conclusion In infertility patients undergoing FET,there exists a correlation between tongue and pulse indicators and endocrine parameters.The corporation of tongue and pulse indica-tors significantly improved the predictive capability of the model for live birth outcomes.Specifically,tongue and pulse indicators such as TB-L,perPart,h1,t1,and h4/h1 exhibited a discernible correlation with the ultimate live birth outcomes.

The teaching of radiology in standardized residency training needs a large number of case data to strengthen the subjective understanding and awareness of residents. The database built by residency training bases can meet the needs of teaching to a certain extent, but the conditions of training bases vary across regions, which makes it difficult to achieve homogeneity in the teaching of radiology. This article discusses the application of Eurorad database in the teaching of radiology in standardized residency training. This database is free of charge, reliable, and comprehensive and provides a large number of free reliable cases and images for teaching, covering both common and rare diseases. Moreover, it can also be used to cultivate the English ability and comprehensive quality of residents and help to establish a hierarchical training system for radiology and non-radiology residents, thereby promoting the improvement in the quality of standardized residency training. This article shows the potential value of Eurorad database in the teaching of radiology in standardized residency training, and comparative studies are needed in the future to further prove its effectiveness.

Objective:To investigate the application effect of case-based learning (CBL) based on the clinical case library of stomatology in standardized residency training for comprehensive stomatology.Methods:A total of 52 residents in Department of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, were given CBL teaching based on the clinical case library of comprehensive stomatology, and a questionnaire survey was performed to evaluate the teaching effect. Theoretical and skill assessments were performed before and after CBL teaching, and a comparative analysis was performed. SPSS 19.0 software was used for the t-test. Results:The questionnaire survey showed that CBL teaching based on the clinical case library of stomatology effectively improved the ability of independent learning [92.31% (48/52)], the interest in learning [88.46% (46/52)], and the ability for case diagnosis and the accuracy of investigation and judgment [94.23% (49/52)]. This method helped with the mastery and understanding of the theoretical knowledge in stomatology [96.15% (50/52)] and improved the abilities for expression and communication [84.62% (44/52)] and the ability to find and solve problems [94.23% (49/52)]. It also helped to stimulate the interest in scientific research and teaching [82.69% (43/52)] and create an active classroom atmosphere [82.69% (43/52)]. Among these residents, 94.23% (49/52) liked CBL teaching, and 88.64% (46/52) thought the setting of the case library was reasonable. After the application of CBL teaching, there were significant increases in theoretical score [from (66.74±4.25) points to (81.44±7.16) points] and skill examination score [from (64.00±3.14) points to (81.96±7.50) points].Conclusions:CBL teaching based on the case library of stomatology has a good teaching effect in the standardized residency training for comprehensive stomatology and can not only improve the theoretical and skill assessments of residents, but also improve their learning interest and clinical thinking ability.

The comparison between traditional Chinese medicine Jinzhen oral liquid (JZOL) and Western medicine in treating children with acute bronchitis (AB) showed encouraging outcomes. This trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of the JZOL for improving cough and expectoration in children with AB. 480 children were randomly assigned to take JZOL or ambroxol hydrochloride and clenbuterol hydrochloride oral solution for 7 days. The primary outcome was time-to-cough resolution. The median time-to-cough resolution in both groups was 5.0 days and the antitussive onset median time was only 1 day. This randomized controlled trial showed that JZOL was not inferior to cough suppressant and phlegm resolving western medicine in treating cough and sputum and could comprehensively treat respiratory and systemic discomfort symptoms. Combined with clinical trials, the mechanism of JZOL against AB was uncovered by network target analysis, it was found that the pathways in TRP channels like IL-1β/IL1R/TRPV1/TRPA1, NGF/TrkA/TRPV1/TRPA1, and PGE2/EP/PKA/TRPV1/TRPA1 might play important roles. Animal experiments further confirmed that inflammation and the immune regulatory effect of JZOL in the treatment of AB were of vital importance and TRP channels were the key mechanism of action.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatments of patients with POEMS syndrome initially diagnosed as pulmonary hypertension (PH).Methods:Clinical data of 7 patients who were initially diagnosed as PH and finally diagnosed as POEMS syndrome in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from May 2013 to November 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, echocardiography, hemodynamic findings, treatment and prognosis of patients were analyzed.Results:Seven patients, including 4 males and 3 female, aged (55±9) (44-62) years were presented with elevated pulmonary artery pressure by echocardiography at admission. Chest tightness and shortness of breath (7/7), fatigue (6/7) and lower limb edema (4/7) were the most common symptoms in the first-episode. Meanwhile, patients also presented symptoms associated with POEMS syndrome, including multiple peripheral neuropathy (7/7), multiserosal cavity effusion (6/7), organomegaly (5/7), skin changes (5/7), and endocrine lesions (4/7). Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly increased in all patients. The pulmonary arterial systolic blood pressure was (66±21)mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) estimated by echocardiography. Six patients underwent right heart catheterization and significantly increased mean pulmonary artery pressure((35±9) mmHg) was confirmed; and their pulmonary vascular resistance was (4.00±2.10) Wood U. All patients received corresponding treatment for POEMS syndrome. The excise tolerance was improved in 5 patients after successful treatment with stable or reversed WHO functional class. One patient received hemodialysis treatment for uncontrolled POEMS. One patient died during follow-up. The echocardiography was followed up in 4 patients, and 2 of whom had a complete reversal of PH, 1 had a partial reversal, and 1 had not yet reversed.Conclusions:In patients with PH who have multisystem manifestations, such as multiple peripheral neuropathy, multiserosal cavity effusion, organomegaly and skin changes, POEMS syndrome should be considered, and proper and active treatment of POEMS may reverse PH and improve the prognosis of patients.

AIM: To investigate the interactive effects of blood glucose and blood calcium on the prognostic impact of patients with acute severe pancreatitis (SAP) and to analyze their predictive efficacy on prognosis. METHODS: One hundred and seven patients with SAP admitted to our hospital from September 2019 to October 2022 were selected for the study and were divided into poor and good groups according to their prognosis within 28 d. The blood glucose, blood calcium, modified Marshall score, bedside acute pancreatitis severity score (BISAP) were compared between the two groups before treatment, after 3 d of treatment, and after 7 d of treatment, and the correlation between blood glucose, blood calcium and modified Marshall score and BISAP score was analyzed. The blood glucose levels of patients with different blood calcium were compared. Cox regression was used to analyze the factors associated with prognosis. The presence and type of interaction between blood glucose and blood calcium on prognosis were analyzed using the interaction coefficient γ and relative risk (RR) values. The subject operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the predictive efficacy of blood glucose and blood calcium on prognosis. RESULTS: The blood glucose, modified Marshall score, and BISAP score of the adverse group after treatment were higher than those of the good group, while the blood calcium was lower than that of the good group (P<0.05). After 3 and 7 days of treatment, blood glucose was positively correlated with improved Marshall score and BISAP score (P<0.05). The blood glucose level in patients with decreased blood calcium was higher than that in patients with normal blood calcium (P<0.05). The decrease of blood calcium had positive interaction with the increase of blood glucose (P<0.05). After 3 and 7 days of treatment, the AUC of blood glucose combined with blood calcium was greater than that predicted by single index (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: Blood glucose and blood calcium are related to the severity of the disease in SAP patients. There is an interaction between blood glucose and blood calcium in predicting the prognosis of SAP patients. The combined detection of blood glucose and blood calcium has a certain predictive effect on the prognosis of SAP patients.