AIM: To investigate the impact of corneal fluorescein sodium(NaF)staining on the examination results of iTrace visual function analyzer(iTrace).METHODS: Prospective cohort study. Totally 100 patients(100 eyes)with ametropia who visited the outpatient department of Anhui Eye Hospital from April to November 2024 were recruited. They were divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 50 patients(50 eyes, and only the right eyes were selected for inclusion)in each group. In the experimental group, corneal staining was performed using fluorescein sodium staining test strips, while in the control group, 1 drop of 0.9% normal saline was instilled into the eyes. The iTrace examination was conducted before the intervention and at 5, 10, and 20 min after the intervention. The total corneal higher-order aberrations, spherical aberration, coma aberration, trefoil aberration, best sphere value(RO value), asphericity factor(Q value), and corneal vertical refractive power difference(IS value)at each time of examination were recorded and compared.RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the baseline levels between the two groups(all P>0.05). Intra-group comparison revealed that the total higher-order aberrations, spherical aberration, coma aberration, and trefoil aberration measured 5 min after NaF staining in the experimental group were significantly increased compared with those before staining(all P<0.05). Inter-group comparison showed that the changes(differences from the baseline)in the total corneal higher-order aberrations, spherical aberration, coma aberration, and trefoil aberration measured by iTrace 5 min after the intervention in the experimental group were significantly greater than those in the control group(all P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the changes(differences from the baseline)of various iTrace parameters measured at 10 and 20 min after the intervention between the two groups(all P>0.05). There was no statistical significance in the RO value, Q value, and IS value in the two groups(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Corneal NaF staining can cause a short-term increase in the wavefront aberration values(total corneal higher-order aberrations, spherical aberration, coma aberration, trefoil aberration)measured by iTrace, and it gradually disappears with the passage of time. However, it has no impact on the measurement of corneal topography parameters(RO value, Q value, IS value).

This paper reported a patient with early-onset Alzheimer's disease （AD） who had previously responded poorly to anti-dementia medications while showed improvement in cognitive functioning after treatment with occupational therapy and computerized cognitive remediation therapy （CCRT） for 50 minutes three times per week. This case report provided an in-depth evaluation of occupational therapy combined with CCRT for early-onset AD in an effort to inform cognitive rehabilitation of patients with AD. ［Funded by Chengdu Medical Scientific Research Project （number， 2023635）］

Iron is an essential trace element in the human body, crucial in maintaining normal physiological functions. Recent studies have identified iron ions as a significant factor in initiating the ferroptosis process, a novel mode of programmed cell death characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxide accumulation. The iron metabolism pathway is one of the primary mechanisms regulating ferroptosis, as it maintains iron homeostasis within the cell. Numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormalities in iron metabolism can trigger the Fenton reaction, exacerbating oxidative stress, and leading to cell membrane rupture, cellular dysfunction, and damage to tissue structures. Therefore, regulation of iron metabolism represents a key strategy for ameliorating ferroptosis and offers new insights for treating diseases associated with iron metabolism imbalances. This review first summarizes the mechanisms that regulate iron metabolic pathways in ferroptosis and discusses the connections between the pathogenesis of various diseases and iron metabolism. Next, we introduce natural and synthetic small molecule compounds, hormones, proteins, and new nanomaterials that can affect iron metabolism. Finally, we provide an overview of the challenges faced by iron regulators in clinical translation and a summary and outlook on iron metabolism in ferroptosis, aiming to pave the way for future exploration and optimization of iron metabolism regulation strategies.

Small RNAs (sRNAs), the key components of RNA interference (RNAi) or RNA silencing, can mediate cell-autonomous gene silencing and function as signaling molecules across species. Microbe-induced gene silencing (MIGS), which is based on interspecies RNAi, is an effective approach for controlling fungal diseases in crops. The enolase gene VdEno is essential for the growth and development of the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae, which causes cotton Verticillium wilt. In this study, we engineered Trichoderma harzianum (Th) to express the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) targeting VdEno. The engineered strain Th-VdEnoi successfully generated VdEno-specific small interfering RNA (siVdEno). We further confirmed that Th-VdEnoi effectively induced VdEno silencing at the translational level. The results of crop protection assays revealed that the cotton plants co-inoculated with V. dahliae (strain V592) and Th-VdEnoi presented significantly reduced disease severity and lower fungal biomass in their roots than the control plants inoculated with V. dahliae alone or with V. dahliae and Th-GFPi (a control strain expressing GFP-targeting dsRNA). Collectively, our findings demonstrate that VdEno is an effective target for controlling cotton Verticillium wilt and confirm that MIGS is a promising strategy for managing soil-borne fungal pathogens in crops. MIGS provides strong technical support for reducing the application of conventional chemical pesticides, developing eco-friendly biopesticides, and facilitating the sustainable development of agriculture.
Gossypium/microbiology* ; Plant Diseases/prevention & control* ; Gene Silencing ; Ascomycota/genetics* ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Double-Stranded/genetics* ; Hypocreales/genetics* ; RNA, Small Interfering/genetics* ; Verticillium/genetics* ; Fungal Proteins/genetics*

Objective This study aims to observe the clinical effect of bone plate reduction in combination with a re-sorbable plate on large mandibular cysts.Methods Between October 2017 and September 2022,patients with large mandibular cysts in the presence of labial and buccal cortical bone were involved in the study.Intraoral approach was performed for bone plate reduction.Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)scan was reviewed at 3,6,and 9 months postoperatively to observe postoperative complications.Osteogenic results were assessed at these times to determine the clinical outcomes of this procedure.Results Eleven cases with large mandibular cysts in the presence of cortical bone were evaluated.The average thickness of the cortical bone on the labial and buccal sides was measured to be about(1.98±0.37)mm before surgery,with a mean value of(0.73±0.17)mm at the thinnest part of the plate and up to 0.51 mm at the thinnest part of the plate.The cystic cavities were well re-vealed during the surgeries,which were completed suc-cessfully.Postoperatively,the wounds healed in one stage without infection.The percentages of cyst shrinkage were 20.01%,41.76%,and 73.41%at 3,6,and 9 months after surgery,respectively.Quantitative measurement of bone mineral density in the jaws by CBCT with MIMICS software.The bone mineral densities of the adult bone were 313.78,555.85,and 657.45 HU at the 3,6,and 9 month time intervals,respectively.No significant change in the patient's maxillofacial appearance were observed from the preoperative period as assessed by the patient's and observer's visual analog scale.Conclusion Bone plate reduction is an effective treatment for large mandibular cysts of the oral and maxillofacial re-gion with the presence of cortical bone.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the risk perception and nursing working environment with the mental resilience in the emergency department nurses.Methods The convenience sam-pling method was adopted.A total of 577 emergency department nurses in 45 hospitals of Guangdong Province from October to November 2023 were selected as the respondents.The CD-RISC scale,nursing staff risk per-ception questionnaire and nursing work environment scale were used to conduct the survey.The multiple line-ar regression was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of mental resilience in the emergency department nurses.The Pearson correlation was adopted to analyze the correlation between the risk perception and nursing working environment with the mental resilience.Results The gender,age,specialist nurse or not,post,hospi-tal type and hospital level had the effect on the mental resilience in the emergency department nurses (P<0.05).The scores of mental resilience scale in 577 nurses were (86.07±15.95) points and the scoring rate was 68.86％;the scores of nursing staff risk perception questionnaire were (79.38±16.32) points and the scoring rate was 56.70％;the scores of the nursing work environment scale were (93.51±13.25) points and the scoring rate was 75.41％.The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the post was the influencing factor of mental resilience in the emergency department nurses.The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that the nursing work environment was positively correlated with the mental resilience (r=0.476),and negatively correlated with the risk perception (r=-0.252).Conclusion The hospital nursing managers should pay attention to the influencing factors of mental resilience in the emergency department nurses and fo-cus on three major types of risks affecting physical function,time and occupational exposure of the emergency department nurses to improve the working environment of emergency nursing.

Abstract: Objective　To explore the effect of Yiaikang on the expression of sterile alpha motif and histidine-aspartic acid domain-containing protein 1(SAMHD1), a host restriction factor, and interferon levels in peripheral blood of HIV-infected patients with lung-spleen Qi deficiency syndrome. This aims to provide insights into the mechanism of YiaiKang in the treatment of AIDS. Methods According to the diagnostic criteria of Western medicine for AIDS and traditional Chinese medicine for lung-spleen Qi deficiency syndrome, 22 cases of HIV patients with lung and spleen Qi deficiency syndrome were enrolled in the study from the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of TCM between September 2020 and May 2021, and 20 healthy people in the area were taken as control. The patients with lung and spleen Qi deficiency syndrome were treated with Yiaikang for 6 months. T lymphocyte subpopulation changes and expression level of SAMHD1 protein in T cells were detected by flow cytometry. SAMHD1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, and IL-2 in plasma were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The changes of SAMHD1 and interferon in peripheral blood of HIV patients with lung and spleen Qi deficiency syndrome were analyzed to explore the intervention effect of Yiaikang. Results Compared with healthy people, HIV patients with lung and spleen Qi deficiency syndrome exhibited a reduction in the CD4 + T lymphocyte count and CD4/CD8 ratio (Z=-3.526, P<0.001; Z=-0.881, P<0.001). There was an increase in the expression of SAMHD1 protein in T lymphocytes (SAMHD1 MFI/CD4: Z=-3.425, P=0.001; SAMHD1 MFI/CD8: Z=-2.153, P=0.031) and an increase in the expression of SAMHD1 gene in PBMCs (Z=-3.828, P<0.001). Yiaikang treatment significantly increased the CD4 + T cell count and CD4/CD8 ratio (Z=-2.711, P=0.007; Z=-2.062, P=0.039), decreased the expression of SAMHD1 mRNA (Z=-2.581, P=0.010), and decreased the levels of IFN-α and IFN-γ (Z=-1.985, P=0.047; Z=-2.744, P=0.006). Conclusions Patients with lung-spleen Qi deficiency syndrome have reduced numbers of CD4 + T cells and CD4/CD8 ration, with increased expression of SAMHD1 and interferon factors. Yiaikang treatment can increase the number of CD4 + T cells and CD4/CD8 ratio and reduce the expression of SAMHD1 and interferon factor, thereby improving the immune imbalance caused by HIV infection.

Objective:To investigate the discomfort of chest wall approach area in patients undergoing endoscopic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillary approach (GUA), and to analyze its influencing factors. To provide a basis for the development of targeted improvement measures.Methods:A total of 153 patients with GUA from May. 2023 to Aug. 2023 in the Department of Thyroid Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected as the study subjects. The general information questionnaire was collected one day before operation, the pain scales were assessed one day and three days after operation, and the pain and numbness scales were assessed one month after operation. The t test or χ2 test was used for comparison of baseline data between groups according to different types of variables. The patients were divided into two groups: less than moderate pain group (two postoperative average VAS scores<4) and more than moderate pain group (two postoperative average VAS scores ≥4). Mild numbness group (postoperative VAS score<4) ; Moderate and severe numbness group (postoperative VAS score ≥4). Multivariate binary Logistic regression was performed with pain discomfort and numbness discomfort as dependent variables to find possible influencing factors. Results:A total of 153 valid questionnaires were collected. There were 125 patients in the moderate pain group; There were 28 patients in the moderate and above pain group. There were 94 patients in the mild numbness group. There were 59 patients in the moderate to severe numbness group. Multivariate binary Logistic regression results showed that, exercise habits ( OR=0.07 95% CI=0.006, 0.409), operation duration ( OR=1.026 95% CI=1.001, 1.054), total drainage volume ( OR=1.122 95% CI=1.07, P<0.05), 1.198), and drainage tube indwelling time ( OR=0.012 95% CI=0.0, 0.187) had an impact on the discomfort of the chest wall approach area, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Gender, BMI, marital status, education, occupation, handed-side surgery, handed-side axillary surgery, smokess and alcohol history, intraoperative blood loss, and length of hospital stay had no effect on the discomfort of chest wall approach area, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:Exercise habits, operation duration, total drainage volume, and drainage duration are independent predictors of discomfort in GUA patients.

Objective To provide a toxicological basis for HMS-01 in future clinical trials, through genotoxicity testing of safety evaluation. Methods The genotoxicity of HMS-01 was evaluated by Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay （Ames test） with Salmonella typhimurium. Results HMS-01 was non-mutagenic against Salmonella typhimurium at six doses of 20.6, 61.7, 185.2, 555.6, 1666.7, and 5000 μg/dish with （or without） a metabolic activation system. Conclusion HMS-01 was not found to be mutagenic in the dose range of this experiment.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of informatization construction and application of operating rooms in hospitals in Sichuan Province.Methods:Stratified sampling method was used to investigate the informatization of operating rooms in 254 hospitals above the second level in 20 regions of Sichuan Province from September to October 2021. Self-designed questionnaire was used to carry out information management in 3 dimensions, including general information, patient care in operating room, medical consumables and equipment, with a total of 32 items.Results:66.5% (169/254) of hospitals used operating room information management system for management. In terms of the application of information technology in operation management, preoperative visits accounted for 15.4% (39/254) , surgical nursing documents accounted for 57.5% (146/254) , surgical pathological specimens accounted for 10.6% (27/254) , and surgical patient transportation and handover accounted for 12.2% (31/254) . 36.6% (93/254) of hospitals implemented information management of consumables, 21.3% (54/254) of hospitals implemented equipment information management, 28.7% (73/254) of hospitals used surgical instrument traceability management systems, 17.2% (44/254) of hospitals used operating room behavior management systems, 24.8% (63/254) of hospitals built a remote video education and broadcasting system and 11.8% (30/254) of hospitals built a telemedicine service system.Conclusions:In the construction of hospital informatization and intelligent promotion, the informatization construction of operating room in this investigation area has made progress, but the development and deepening degree of business informatization management needs to be further strengthened.