Objective To explore the role and mechanism of warm malate ringer's solution(MR)in resuscitation of the lethal triad caused by severe trauma.Methods A rat model of severe trauma was established in SPF-grade SD rats(half male and half female,weighing 200～220 g)using combined multiple injuries and hemorrhagic shock,and the rats were randomly divided into 8 groups(n=8):Sham group,only arterial and venous catheterization;Trauma(Tra)groups with different time points(10,30,60,90,120,180 min)and a Trauma group that were observed without any treatment for 180 min after model establishment.The changes of activated clotting time(ACT),reaction time(R),maximum amplitude(MA),and rate of blood clot formation(Angle)at different time points were detected by using thromboelastography,and tail bleeding,core body temperature and arterial blood gas parameters,were also observed and detected.The plasma von Willebrand Factor(vWF)level,mitochondrial respiratory control ratio in pulmonary venous endothelium,and expression levels of vascular endothelial cadherin(VE-Cadherin),peroxisome proliferator activating receptor gamma coactivator 1α(PGC1α),dynamin-related protein 1(Drp1),p-Drp1,and mitofusin 2(Mfn2)were detected to evaluate the vascular endothelial injury and mitochondrial dysfunction.Another group of SD rats were randomly divided into severe trauma group(no treatment for 180 min after injury),and MR solution at room temperature and at 37 ℃ groups.MR solution at room temperature or at 37 ℃ was given to the rats using a medical blood transfusion apparatus at 60 min post-trauma.Above indicators were observed and detected to investigate the resuscitation effect of the MR solution.Results Compared with the Sham group,the severely traumatic rats at 180 min after injury had significantly prolonged ACT and R values(P＜0.05),shortened MA and decreased Angle values(P＜0.05),extended tail bleeding time(P＜0.05),lower partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PCO2)and HCO3-and base excess(BE)levels(P＜0.05),and continuously increasing K+(P＜0.05)and decreasing Na+(P＜0.05)and Ca2+levels(P＜0.05).Additionally,plasma vWF level(P＜0.05)and protein levels of VE-cadherin,PGC1α and Mfn2 in pulmonary vein endothelium were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),the expression of p-Drp1 was enhanced and the mitochondrial respiration control rate was declined in the rats at 180 min after injury(P＜0.05).MR solution resuscitation shortened tail bleeding time(P＜0.05),increased core body temperature(P＜0.05),elevated plasma vWF level(P＜0.05),increased protein levels of VE-cadherin,PGC1α and Mfn2(P＜0.05),and decreased that of p-Drp1 protein expression(P＜0.05)when compared with the rats at 180 min after severe traumatic injury.The above effects were more significant in the rats infused with the solution at 37 ℃ than those at room temperature.Conclusion Warm MR solution significantly improves the lethal triad in rats after severe trauma,which may be associated with its improving mitochondrial function and attenuating vascular endothelial damage.

Objective:To investigate the influence of changes in the cognitive load of anesthesia residents on the teaching effectiveness of high-fidelity scenario simulation.Methods:Eighty-seven anesthesia residents in a grade-A tertiary hospital from February to November 2022 were divided into groups A, B, and C according to the random number method. Three cases were selected from the anesthesia crisis resource teaching case library for high-fidelity simulation training for the three groups, respectively, using the crossover design to control the order of the cases. Each round of training consisted of pre-training instruction, simulation teaching, and post-training summarization and analysis. After three rounds of simulation teaching, cognitive load, anxiety status, test scores, and non-technical skills were evaluated for all the study participants. SPSS 20.0 was used to perform analysis of variance with repeated measures and Pearson's correlation analysis.Results:All the three groups showed significantly higher cognitive load and anxiety scores during the first-round simulation training than during the second-round and third-round simulation trianing. The test scores were significantly lower in the first round [(87.07±5.66), (88.38±5.41), (89.07±6.17)] than in the second round [(95.69±2.29), (96.10±2.08), (96.07±2.60)] and the third round [(96.34±1.45), (96.38±1.50), (96.17±1.73); all P<0.05]. The non-technical skill scores were also significantly lower in the first round [(37.24±7.58), (38.69±7.27), (39.24±8.74)] than in the second round [(46.17±5.55), (47.07±5.59), (47.59±6.74)] and the third round [(47.17±5.21), (48.48±5.38), (48.24±6.83); all P<0.05]. For simulations with the same cases, the trainees showed significantly higher cognitive load and anxiety scores and significantly lower test scores and non-technical skill scores in the first round than in the second and third rounds ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Anesthesia residents have higher levels of cognitive load and anxiety in the first scenario simulation training, which can reduce learning outcomes, and repeated simulation training can reduce trainees' cognitive load and anxiety.

Objective To observe the ameliorative effect of inhibiting acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2(ACC2)on cardiac dysfunction in septic mice and investigate its underlying mechanism.Methods Mouse model of sepsis was established by cecal ligation and perforation.A total of 24 male C57BL/6 mice(aged 8 weeks,weighing 20～25 g)were divided into sham operation group,sepsis group and ND-630+sepsis group.The cardiac specific ACC2 knockout(ACC2△CM)mice were constructed by Cre-LoxP recombinase system,and ACC2flox/flox Myh6-Cre-(ACC2fl/fl)mice were used as control.Several genetically engineered mice(8 weeks old,20～25 g,male)were divided into ACC2fl/fl+sham operation group,ACC2fl/fl+sepsis group,ACC2△CM+sepsis group,ACC2△CM+Mal-CoA+sepsis group,and ACC2△CM+sham operation group according to the random number table method.The contractile function and myofilament calcium sensitivity of cardiomyocytes were measured by a cell microtensiometer.Western blotting was used to detect the expression level of ACC2,and ELISA was employed to measure the level of malonyl-CoA(Mal-CoA)in myocardial tissue.The survival of the mice in 36 h after sepsis was observed.Results Compared with the sham operation group,the contraction amplitude of cardiomyocytes in sepsis group was decreased markedly,and the calcium sensitivity decreased significantly as well(P＜0.05).Based on the ACC2fl/fl+sham operation group,the ACC2△CM+sepsis group showed significant improvement in myocardial contraction compared with the ACC2fl/fl+sepsis group,with the contraction amplitude of cardiomyocytes recovered by 48.1％,and significantly restored calcium sensitivity(P＜0.05).ACC2△CM+Mal-CoA+sepsis group showed a notable decrease in myocardial cell contraction amplitude and a significant decrease in calcium sensitivity when compared to the ACC2△CM+sepsis group(P＜0.05).Compared with the sepsis group,the contraction amplitude of cardiomyocytes in the ND-630+sepsis group increased significantly,and the calcium sensitivity of myofilament also increased(P＜0.05).The expression level of ACC2 protein in the myocardial tissue of mice in the sepsis group increased compared to the sham operation group(P＜0.05).The level of myocardial Mal-CoA in the sepsis group was higher than that in the sham operation group(P＜0.05);Mal-CoA level in the myocardium of ACC2△CM+sepsis group mice was lower than that of sepsis group(P＜0.05).The 36-hour survival rate of the ACC2△CM+sepsis group.mice was 37.5％higher than that of the ACC2fl/fl+sepsis group mice.(P＜0.05).Conclusion Inhibition of ACC2 exerts a protective effect on myocardial contractility and calcium sensitivity in septic mice by reducing Mal-CoA.

During coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, the treatment of severe trauma has been impacted. The Consensus on emergency surgery and infection prevention and control for severe trauma patients with 2019 novel corona virus pneumonia was published online on February 12, 2020, providing a strong guidance for the emergency treatment of severe trauma and the self-protection of medical staffs in the early stage of the epidemic. With the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council renaming "novel coronavirus pneumonia" to "novel coronavirus infection" and the infection being managed with measures against class B infectious diseases since January 8, 2023, the consensus published in 2020 is no longer applicable to the emergency treatment of severe trauma in the new stage of epidemic prevention and control. In this context, led by the Chinese Traumatology Association, Chinese Trauma Surgeon Association, Trauma Medicine Branch of Chinese International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, and Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Traumatology, the Chinese expert consensus on emergency surgery for severe trauma and infection prevention during coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic ( version 2023) is formulated to ensure the effectiveness and safety in the treatment of severe trauma in the new stage. Based on the policy of the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council and by using evidence-based medical evidence as well as Delphi expert consultation and voting, 16 recommendations are put forward from the four aspects of the related definitions, infection prevention, preoperative assessment and preparation, emergency operation and postoperative management, hoping to provide a reference for severe trauma care in the new stage of the epidemic prevention and control.

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of rat intestinal flora on the pharmacokinetic parameters of pyrazinamide and its active metabolite pyrazinoic acid. METHODS ：Totally 16 SD rats were randomly divided into trial group and control group ，with 8 rats in each group. Trial group was given mixed antibiotics （streptomycin sulfate+neomycin sulfate ）intragastrically to construct pseudoaseptic rat model. After modeling ，both groups were given pyrazinamide intragastrically （150 mg/kg）. Before and 0.167， 0.333，0.667，1，1.5，2，3，4，6，9 h after administration ，0.1 mL blood sample was collected from orbital venous plexus ，and 0.3 mL blood sample was collected from orbital venous plexus 12，24 h after administration. Using phenacetin as internal standard ， LC-MS/MS method was adopted to determine the plasma concentration of pyrazinamide and pyrazinoic acid. The determination was performed on Agilent ZORBAX SB-Aq column with mobile phase consisted of 0.2％ formic acid （containing 8 mmol/L ammonium acetate）-methanol（gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃，and sample size was 10 μL. The ion source was ESI and the temperature of ion source was 500 ℃. The collision gas was nitrogen and the pressure was 10 psi. The temperature of mass transfer interface was 100 ℃. The mass spectrum monitoring mode was multi reaction monitoring ， and the collection mode was positive ion mode. The monitoring transition ion-pairs were m/z 124.0→79.0（pyrazinamide），m/z 125.1→79.1（pyrazinic acid ）and m/z 180.0→110.2（internal standard ）. The de-clustering potential and collision voltage were 55， 26 and 85 V，24，23 and 28 V，respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and compared by using DAS 2.1.1 software. RESULTS ：The linear ranges of pyrazinamide and pyrazinoic acid were 25-5 000 ng/mL（r＝0.997 6）and 100-12 500 ng/mL（r＝0.999 0）. The lower limits of quantification were 25 and 100 ng/mL，respectively. Intra-batch and inter-batch accuracy were 92.93％-100.50％，and RSDs of intra-batch and inter-batch precision and matrix effect tests were all lower than or equal to 8.42％（n＝6 or n＝3）. Compared with control group ，tmax of pyrazinamide in trial group was prolonged significantly （P＜0.01）； there was no statistical significance in other pharmacokinetic parameters between 2 groups（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：The absorption of single dose pyrazinamide is delayed with the change of intestinal flora in rats.

Objective:To explore the expression of Aurora Kinase A (AURKA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its prognostic value.Methods:mRNA expression profiles and clinical data of HCC patients were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Expression of AURKA mRNA in HCC patients of TCGA database from normal liver tissue and all tumor tissues, normal tissues adjacent to cancer and matched tumor tissues were analyzed, and then expression of AURKA to was investigated in HCC tissues and normal liver tissues in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. According to the TNM stage information of HCC patients in TCGA database, expression of AURKA in different stages was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze whether the high and low expression of AURKA in HCC patients of TCGA database (with the median as the cut-off value) was significantly related to the length of survival. The RNA-seq expression profile data of HCC patients in the public resource platform of the Kaplan-Meier Plotter website was used for external verification. Cox univariate and multivariate analysis were performed on the age, sex, degree of differentiation, TNM stage, and AURKA mRNA expression of TCGA database patients.Results:374 cases of HCC tumor tissues and 50 cases of adjacent normal liver tissues in the TCGA database were included. All HCC tumor tissues in the TCGA database compared with the paired adjacent tissues mRNA level of AURKA was significantly increased, and the protein level was also increased, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); With the tumor TNM stage increase of AURKA mRNA expression showed a gradual upward trend, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); in the TCGA database HCC cohort, high expression of AURKA mRNA was associated with poor HCC prognosis, and was obtained in Kaplan Meier Plotter database. The difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); Cox multivariate regression analysis showed that TNM stage ( HR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.37-2.10) and AURKA mRNA expression level ( HR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.10) are the independent prognostic factors of HCC patients. Conclusions:AURKA is highly expressed in HCC, which is associated with the poor prognosis of HCC. AURKA is an independent prognostic factor of HCC.

Objective To observe Hedgehog signaling pathways of liver cancer cell growth and the influence of the metastatic potential targeted inhibit Hedgehog.Methods Construction of Smo shRNA plasmid,The stable and low-expressed Smo-expressing HCC QGY-7701 cell line was screened after lipofection.The stable and low-expressed Smo-expressing HCC QGY-7701 cell line was screened,The cell cycle,apoptosis,invasion and metastasis of QGY-7701 cells were detected by Western blot,flow cytometry,CCK8 and transwell assay.Subcutaneous implantation of hepatocarcinoma cells in nude mice.Study on the growth and metastasis of hepatocarcinoma cells with low expression of Smo in.The ultrastructural changes of hepatoma cells with low expression of Smo were observed under electron microscope.Results RT-PCR and Western blot showed stable shR-Smo cell line was successfully constructed.Cell cycle test showed that compared with the control group,G0/G1 cells increased in shR-Smo,cells in S phase decreased;apoptosis,CCK8 and Transwell tests showed that Smo-gene silencing could significantly increase the apoptosis percentage of the hepatic cancer cells to (5.46％ ± 1.46％),proliferation activity decreasedand and the migration rates reduced to (7.82％ ±2.14)％;nude mice model showed that Smo-gene silencing could inhibit the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells in vivo,electron microscopy revealed that lysosomes increased significantly in Smo-gene silence cells.Conclusions Blocking Hh signaling pathways,liver cancer cells in vitro malignant degree of decline.Hedgehog in treating liver cancer have hidden meaning.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of preoperative sequential transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) followed by selective portal venous embolization (PVE) in patients with marginally resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).The aim was to find out whether this combined procedure helped to increase the rate of extended radical liver resection.Methods From March 2009 to November 2016,29 patients with HCC which were marginally resectable underwent preoperative TACE combined with PVE were included into this study.All these patients were subsequently assessed to undergo radical hepatectomy.The complications,laboratory results,volume changes of each liver lobe and patient survival were analyzed.Results TACE combined with PVE was successful in all the 29 patients.There were no major complications.After the procedure,the volumes of the tumor and the part of the liver to be resected decreased to certain degree.The remnant liver volume (RLV) increased remarkably.The RLV were (395.4 ±58.7) cm3 and (599.2 ±75.2) cm3 before and after the procedure,respectively.The difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).19 patients underwent radical hemihepatectomy or trisectionectomy,with a resection rate of 65.5％ (19/29).There were sufficient surgical margins in all the resected tumors.After operation,the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 58.8％,35.5％ and 17.6％,respectively.Conclusion For HCC patients who had marginally resectable HCC,preoperative TACE combined with PVE efficiently controlled the growth of the tumors,decreased the volume of the liver lobe with tumor,increased the RLV,and made it possible for a planned two-stage radical hepatectomy with sufficient surgical margin and better survival in a significant proportion of patients.

Objective Using the third high sensitive cardiac troponin I assay to establish the reference intervals of serum cardiac marker high sensitivity cardiac troponin I ( hs-cTnI ) in apparently healthy subjects of Beijing area, and to explore the relationship between cTnI and other parameters.Methods Using random selection method, a total of 440 serum samples were collected from apparently healthy subjects of Beijing area.Among them, 217 cases were male, average age was (50.0 ±14.3) years old;223 cases were female, average age was ( 49.0 ±14.0 ) years old.All of these serum samples were detected hs-cTnI using i2000 Abott biochemical analyzer and ARCHITECT STAT Abbott assay kit.And the 99th percentile upper reference limit was used as the reference interval.Non-parametric tests were used to compare the different groups, the U Mann-Whitney test was used between two groups, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used in many groups, and the correlation analysis was used Spearman method.Results The 99th percentiles of hs-cTnI in 440 apparently healthy subjects is 9.66 ng/L.While the male group is 9.66 ng/L, and the female group is 8.25 ng/L.The serum hs-cTnI level of male is higher than female ( 9.95 ng/L vs 8.25 ng/L, P<0.05 ).According to the spearman correlation analysis, the serum hs-cTnI level appears positive correlation with age, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase ( AST) ,gamma-glutamyl transferase ( GGT) ,total bilirubin ( TBIL) ,serum creatinine ( SCR) , hemoglobin (HGB)(P<0.05,R>0),and appears negative correlation with platelet (PLT)(P<0.05,R<0).Conclusion The serum hs-cTnI level apparently differents with gender, so it is necessary to establish reference intervals among different gender group of Beijing area.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors of ankylosing spondylitis(AS)patients’life quality and medical coping styles.Method Two hundred patients visiting at the outpatient department of our hospital took part in the assessment on AS life quality and medical coping styles to look into the living quality of AS patients and its medical coping methods and influencing factors.Results The total score on life quality was(66.82±5.57),among whose dimensions the psychological function was scored the lowest by(10.65±4.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the scores on confrontation of coping styles were positively related with the dimension of social function in life quality(r=0.18,r=0.13,P<0.05),the scores on the avoidance of coping style were positively related to the dimension of physiological function in the life quality(r=0.12,r=0.14,P<0.05),the scores on yielding in coping styles was negatively correlated to physiological function of the life quality(r=-0.20,P<0.05).Regression analysis results showed that the AS patients’life quality was impacted by the course of the disease,coping styles and modes for paying medical expenses(P<0.05).Conclusions The AS patients’life quality is low and it is related to their coping style,the course of the disease and modes for paying medical expenses.Medical personnel should implement targeted interventions to guide patients into taking correct medical coping styles according to the specific condition of patients,in order to improve their quality of life.