Objective To analyze the incidence and mortality of cancer in Ya'an City in 2022 and its trends from 2013 to 2022. Methods The crude and age-standardized cancer incidence and mortality rates (based on the Chinese standard population) were calculated by gender and age group from the Ya'an City registry data for 2022, and their trends from 2013 to 2022 were assessed using Joinpoint regression analysis. Results In 2022, the crude incidence rate of cancer in Ya'an City was 317.19/10⁵, and the age-standardized incidence rate was 178.45/10⁵. The crude mortality rate of cancer in Ya'an City was 185.10/10⁵, and the age-standardized mortality rate was 85.22/10⁵. The top three cancer types with the highest incidence were lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and female breast cancer, and those with the highest mortality were lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and liver cancer. From 2013 to 2022, the overall age-standardized incidence rate of cancer was relatively stable but showed a downward trend in males (P<0.05) and an upward trend in females (P<0.05). The overall age-standardized mortality rate exhibited a downward trend (P<0.05). The age-standardized incidence rate of thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer showed an upward trend (P<0.05), whereas those of liver cancer, gastric cancer, and esophageal cancer showed a downward trend (P<0.05). The age-standardized mortality rate of gastric cancer, female breast cancer, liver cancer, and esophageal cancer showed a downward trend (P<0.05). Conclusion The burden of cancer remains severe in Ya'an City. Targeted interventions should be implemented for lung cancer, colorectal cancer, female breast cancer, liver cancer, thyroid cancer, prostate cancer, and other common cancers to effectively control the cancer burden.

Objective:To compare the embryo development potential and clinical outcomes between the patients with and without oocyte degeneration.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included a total of 242 cycles underwent ICSI that cultured in time-lapse incubator from January 2019 to June 2023 at the Reproductive and Genetic Center of Suzhou Municipal Hospital and all 3 119 oocytes were evaluated. Data collection continued to February 5th,2024 until the last birthing of the study. Patients were divided into degenerated group (140 cycles) and control group (102 cycles) according to whether oocyte degenerated after ICSI. Then the embryo developmental potential and clinical outcomes were compared. Furthermore, we also investigated whether embryo morphokinetics could be different between the two groups.Results:Female age, duration of infertility, body mass index, basal follicle sitmulating hormone, basal luteinizing hormone, basal estrogen (E 2), antral follicle count, anti-Müllerian hormone, factors of infertility and source of semen were similar between the two groups ( P>0.05). E 2 on human chorionic gonadotropin triggered day [2 513.00 (1 842.20, 3 638.50) ng/L], number of oocytes retrieved (13.56±4.80) and oocyte maturation rate [84.35% (1 601/1 898)] were significantly higher in degenerated group than those in control group [2 270.50 (1 472.00, 3 044.20) ng/L, P=0.019; 11.97±4.71, P=0.011; 81.08% (990/1 221), P=0.017], while normal fertilization rate [69.33% (1 103/1 591)], day 3 (D3) good-quality embryos [57.85% (634/1 096)], blastocyst formation rate [50.87% (469/922)] and embryo utilized rate [58.30% (643/1 103)] were significantly lower in degenerated group than those in control group [85.56% (847/990), P<0.001; 65.72% (556/846), P<0.001; 61.26% (446/728), P<0.001; 66.12% (560/847), P<0.001] . In addition, the proportion of low cell number (<7) of D3 embryos [33.76% (370/1 096)] and high fragmentation (fragmentation ≥50%, fragmentation 20%-50%) of D3 embryos [10.01% (109/1 089), 18.64% (203/1 089)] in degenerated group were significantly higher than those in control group [27.19% (230/846), P=0.002; 6.06% (51/841), P=0.002; 14.15% (119/841), P=0.009], and so were the incidence of DC1 and CC [5.98% (66/1 103) vs. 2.48% (21/847), P<0.001; 2.45% (27/1 103) vs. 0.94% (8/847), P=0.013]. As regard to the utilized embryos, there were no significant differences in t5, cc2, cc3 and s2 ( P>0.05), but tPNf [22.82(21.13, 24.84) h], t2 [25.37 (23.62, 27.37) h], t3 [35.64 (33.10, 38.03) h] and t4 [36.85 (34.70, 39.52) h] in degenerated group were significantly earlier than those in control group [23.04 (21.76, 25.41) h, P=0.001; 25.91 (24.15, 28.05) h, P=0.001; 36.16 (33.11, 38.81) h, P=0.040; 37.39 (35.11, 40.27) h, P=0.026]. Further more, after the first transfer of fresh or frozen embryos, there were no significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, early abortion rate, live birth rate, sex ratio, preterm birth rate, low birth weight rate and birth defect rate between the two groups (all P>0.05). ICSI degeneration was not an independent factor of implantation rate, early abortion rate and live birth rate after ICSI treatment, but number of embryos transferred was an independent factor of implantation rate and live birth rate after ICSI treatment ( OR=2.806, 95% CI: 1.179-6.677, P=0.020; OR=2.622, 95% CI: 1.129-6.090, P=0.025). Conclusion:The presence of oocyte degeneration after ICSI may affect the overall developmental potential of its sibling oocytes and may also disturb the morphokinetics of the embyos, however the pregnancy outcomes and neonatal birth outcomes may not be affected if transfer the best embryo in the first fresh or frozen cycle.

In 2024, a total of 27 309 cases of medication error (ME) from 484 hospitals in 27 provincial administrative regions were collected in the National Monitoring Network for Clinical Safe Medication. Among them, 279 (1.02%) were classified as grade A, 22 081 (80.86%) as grade B, 4 268 (15.63%) as grade C, 472 (1.73%) as grade D, 96 (0.35%) as grade E, 105 (0.38%) as grade F, 6 (0.02%) as grade H, and 2 (<0.01%) as grade I; no MEs of grade G occurred. Among the 27 030 patients involved in MEs of grade B to I, 15 124 (55.95%) were male and 11 906 (44.05%) were female; their ages were from 1 day to 104 years; 3 369 (12.46%) were children (<18 years old), 12 113 (44.81%) were young and middle-aged adults (≥18 to <60 years old), and 11 548 (42.72%) were elderly (≥60 years old). The top 3 contents of ME were wrong drug class (5 347 cases, 19.13%), wrong dosage (4 913 cases, 17.58%), and wrong administration frequency (3 429 cases, 12.27%). Among the 27 030 grade B-I MEs, the main person who triggered the event were physicians (18 703 cases, 69.19%) and pharmacists (6 343 cases, 23.47%). These MEs mainly occurred in clinics (11 009 cases, 40.73%), in hospital wards (7 393 cases, 27.35%), and in pharmacies (6 219 cases, 23.27%). The main persons who discovered the MEs were pharmacists (21 021 cases, 74.14%). The top 3 factors causing ME were lack of related pharmacologic knowledge (8 716 cases, 26.49%), tiredness (5 755 cases, 17.49%), and inexperienced skills (4 505 cases, 13.69%). A total of 209 patients were involved in severe MEs (grade E-I), including 133 (63.64%) males and 76 (36.36%) females, aged from 21 months to 94 years, of which 42 (20.10%) were children, 75 (35.88%) were young and middle-aged adults, and 92 (44.02%) were elderly. The top 3 diseases diagnosed in severe MEs were drug poisoning (41 cases, 19.62%), diabetes (34 cases, 16.27%), and hypertension (14 cases, 6.70%); the main person who triggered the MEs were patients and their families (135 cases, 64.59%); the MEs occurred mainly in patients′ houses (116 cases, 55.50%). Drug poisoning was mainly related to accidental ingestion by children, and MEs in patients with diabetes and hypertension were often related to issues on patient compliance. Based on the data of MEs in 2024, it was proposed to establish a better medication safety culture and improve the ME reporting situation in China, pay attention to the risks of misusing external drugs for internal use, children′s accidental ingestion and insulin-related MEs, strengthen the prevention of MEs related to look-alike sound-alike drugs, pay attention to the post administration management and the compliance education of home care for patients with chronic diseases, so as to improve the medication safety of patients in China.

Objective:To construct a recommended list of high-alert medication (HAM) based on big data from medication error (ME) reports in China, providing reference for preventing and reducing HAM-related risks.Methods:The drugs involved in the serious ME reports of the National Monitoring Network for Clinical Safe Medication (Monitoring Network) were collected (as of December 31, 2023), and the candidate drugs were preliminarily determined referring to the HAM list of China 2023 (Chinese list) and the latest three lists of American Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP). Candidate drugs that were included in both the Chinese list and ISMP lists, as well as those existed in the Chinese list but had never been included in the ISMP lists were included in the current list, and their risk levels followed the original risks in the Chinese list. Candidate drugs that existed in the Chinese list but had been excluded from the ISMP lists, and those existed in the ISMP lists but had not been included in the Chinese list were listed as suspected drugs. For the other candidate drugs, those did not meet the definition of HAM were excluded firstly, and those related to ME that had caused serious harm were listed as suspected drugs, according to the judicial cases on ME of China Judgements Online and PKULAW database. Two methods, including Delphi expert consultation and questionnaire survey, were used to determine whether the above suspected drugs were included in the HAM list and their risk levels.Results:A total of 138 drugs were obtained through the initial screening, 106 of which were directly included in the current list, and 32 of which were listed as drugs requiring further assessment. After 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation by 18 experts and surveys with 136 valid questionnaires, 32 suspected drugs did not meet the inclusion criteria. Finally, a total of 106 drugs were included in the current list, including 51 A-class drugs in 9 categories, 33 B-class drugs in 9 categories, and 22 C-class drugs in 5 categories.Conclusion:Based on the big data of the ME reports in China, a HAM list is constructed, which is accurate and concise and better fits the actual clinical drug risks in China, helping to improve the drug safety management.

Objective:To understand the prevalence and related factors of three common chronic diseases, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes in HIV-infected persons.Methods:As of December 2023, HIV-infected persons >15 years old who are receiving antiviral therapy (ART) and follow-up in Henan Province were selected as the study objects. Questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood samples were collected to collect demographic information, ART, body weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood sugar of HIV-infected persons. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes.Results:Among 4 023 HIV-infected patients, the prevalence rates of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes were 64.47% (2 594/4 023), 16.80% (676/4 023), and 10.54% (424/4 023), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that hyperlipidemia was positively associated with ≥40 years of age, overweight and obesity, two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + proteasome inhibitors (PIs) regimen and two NRTIs+ integrase inhibitor regimen, and negatively associated with low body weight. Hypertension was positively correlated with the age group ≥40 years old, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, overweight and obesity, ART time ≥0.5 years, and negatively correlated with low body weight. Diabetes was positively associated with age group ≥40 years, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, overweight and obesity, and negatively associated with the use of two NRTIs+PIs treatment regimens.Conclusions:In 2023, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes among HIV-infected people in Henan Province was relatively high, and the risk of common chronic diseases among those ≥40 years old, overweight and obese, and those with a family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was also relatively high. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and management of common chronic diseases among HIV-infected people.

ObjectiveTo establish the fingerprints of 15 batches of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules， to quantitatively analyze 10 index components， and to evaluate the quality uniformity of samples from different batches. MethodsThe fingerprints and quantitative analysis of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules were established by a combination method of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and charged aerosol detector（HPLC-DAD-CAD）， adenosine， guanosine， vanillic acid， safflomin A， agarotetrol， naringin， hesperidin， militarine， ginsenoside Rb₁， and glycyrrhizic acid were selected as quality attribute indexes. A total of 15 batches of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules from 2022 to 2024（3 boxes per batch） were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed， and the quality uniformity level of the manufacturers was characterized by parameters of intra-batch consistency（P_A） and inter-batch consistency（P_B）. The homogeneity and difference of quality attribute indexes of samples from different years were analyzed by heatmap clustering analysis. ResultsHPLC fingerprints and quantitative method of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules were established， and the methods could be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of this preparation， which was found to be stable and reliable by method validation. The similarity of fingerprints of 15 batches of samples was 0.887-0.975， a total of 13 common peaks were calibrated， and 10 common peaks were designated， all of which were quality attribute index components. The results of quantitative analysis showed that the contents of the above 10 ingredients in the samples were 0.038-0.078， 0.115-0.251， 0.007-0.018， 0.291-0.673， 0.122-0.257， 0.887-1.905， 1.841-3.364， 1.412-2.450， 2.207-3.112， 0.650-1.161， respectively. And the contents of ginsenoside Rb₁ and glycyrrhizic acid met the limit requirements in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. For the samples from 15 batches， the P_A values of the 10 index components were all <10%， indicating good intra-batch homogeneity， and the P_B values ranged from 33.86% to 92.97%， suggesting that the inter-batch homogeneity was poor. Heatmap clustering analysis showed that the samples from different years were clustered into separate categories， and adenosine， guanosine， safflomin A， naringin， hesperidin and agarotetrol were the main differential components. ConclusionThe intra-annual quality uniformity of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules is good and the inter-annual quality uniformity is insufficient， which may be related to the quality difference of Pinellinae Rhizoma Praeparatum， Carthami Flos， Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus， Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium， Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum， Citri Fructus， etc. In this study， the fingerprint and multi-indicator determination method of Hengzhi Kechuan capsules was established， which can be used for more accurate and efficient quality control and standardization enhancement.

ObjectiveStudies have shown that nuciferine has anti-cerebral ischemia effect， but the specific mechanism of action has not been elaborated. Based on the transcriptome results， the pharmacological mechanism of nuciferine against cerebral ischemia was analyzed from multiple dimensions including tissue， cell， pathological process， biological process and signaling pathway. MethodsThirty SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group， model group and nuciferine group（40 mg·kg^-1） according to weight. Except for the sham group， the model of middle cerebral artery occlusion（MCAO） was established by thread embolization method after 30 min of administration in the other two groups. Twenty-four hours after surgery， transcriptome sequencing was used to detect the gene expression profiles in the cortex penumbra of rat cerebral tissue， and gene ontology（GO） and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes（KEGG） pathway enrichment analysis were performed for differentially expressed genes. The mechanismof nuciferine against cerebral ischemia was analyzed from 5 dimensions of tissue， cell， pathological process， biological process and signaling pathway by the transcriptome-based multi-scale network pharmacology platform（TMNP）. ResultsTranscriptome sequencing and gene quantitative analysis showed that 667 genes were significantly reversed by nuciferine. Further enrichment analysis of KEGG and GO suggested that the pathways of nuciferine involved regulating stress response， ion transport， cell proliferation and differentiation， and synaptic function. TMNP research found that at the tissue level， nuciferine could significantly improve the cerebral tissue injury caused by ischemia. At the cellular and pathological levels， nuciferine could play an anti-cerebral ischemia role by improving the state of various nerve cells， mobilizing immune cells， regulating inflammation. And at the level of biological processes and signaling pathways， nuciferine mainly acted on the processes such as vascular remodeling， inflammation-related signaling pathways， and synaptic signaling. ConclusionCombined with the results of transcriptome sequencing， gene quantitative analysis and TMNP， the mechanism of nuciferine against cerebral ischemia may be related to processes such as intervening in stress response and inflammation， affecting vascular remodeling and regulating synaptic function. These results can provide a basis and reference for further study of the pharmacological mechanism of nuciferine against cerebral ischemia.

Objective To investigate the expression levels of micro RNA-651(miR-651)and the transcrip-tion factor Forkhead Box N2(FOXN2)in lung cancer tissues and to analyse their relationship with patients' prognosis after lobectomy.Methods A total of 98 patients with lung cancer who underwent lobectomy from January 2020 to December 2021 in Nantong Cancer Hospital were selected as research objects,the lung cancer tissue specimens and corresponding paracancerous tissue specimens of patients were collected,the expression levels of miR-651 and FOXN2 were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR),and their re-lationship with the prognosis of patients after lobectomy was analyzed.Results At 2-year follow-up,19(19.39％)of 98 patients had recurrent metastasis,and the median time to recurrent metastasis was 20 months(95％CI:18.626--21.374).qPCR assay showed that the expression levels of miR-651 and FOXN2 in lung cancer tissues were significantly lower than those in paracancerous tissues(P＜0.05).miR-651 and FOXN2 expression levels were significantly correlated with clinicopathological features such as tumour size,TNM stage and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05).The results of univariate Cox regression analysis showed that the percentages of maximum tumor diameter ≥3 cm,TNM stage Ⅱ,lymph node metastasis,miR-651 low ex-pression and FOXN2 low expression were higher in the poor prognosis group than those in the good prognosis group(P＜0.05).Multifactorial Cox regression analysis showed that maximum tumor diameter ≥ 3 cm(HR=3.185,95％CI:1.105-9.182),TNM stage Ⅱ(HR=5.167,95％CI:1.939-13.771),lymph node metastasis(HR=2.860,95％CI:1.115-7.338),low miR-651 expression(HR=5.345,95％CI:1.845-15.483)and low FOXN2 expression(HR=5.404,95％CI:1.744-16.745)were independent risk factors for the prognosis of lung cancer patients after lobectomy(P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of miR-651 and FOXN2 were reduced in the tissues of lung cancer patients,and both were associated with tumour size,TNM stage,lymph node metastasis,and patients' prognosis after lobectomy.

Objective:To compare the embryo development potential and clinical outcomes between the patients with and without oocyte degeneration.Methods:This retrospective cohort study included a total of 242 cycles underwent ICSI that cultured in time-lapse incubator from January 2019 to June 2023 at the Reproductive and Genetic Center of Suzhou Municipal Hospital and all 3 119 oocytes were evaluated. Data collection continued to February 5th,2024 until the last birthing of the study. Patients were divided into degenerated group (140 cycles) and control group (102 cycles) according to whether oocyte degenerated after ICSI. Then the embryo developmental potential and clinical outcomes were compared. Furthermore, we also investigated whether embryo morphokinetics could be different between the two groups.Results:Female age, duration of infertility, body mass index, basal follicle sitmulating hormone, basal luteinizing hormone, basal estrogen (E 2), antral follicle count, anti-Müllerian hormone, factors of infertility and source of semen were similar between the two groups ( P>0.05). E 2 on human chorionic gonadotropin triggered day [2 513.00 (1 842.20, 3 638.50) ng/L], number of oocytes retrieved (13.56±4.80) and oocyte maturation rate [84.35% (1 601/1 898)] were significantly higher in degenerated group than those in control group [2 270.50 (1 472.00, 3 044.20) ng/L, P=0.019; 11.97±4.71, P=0.011; 81.08% (990/1 221), P=0.017], while normal fertilization rate [69.33% (1 103/1 591)], day 3 (D3) good-quality embryos [57.85% (634/1 096)], blastocyst formation rate [50.87% (469/922)] and embryo utilized rate [58.30% (643/1 103)] were significantly lower in degenerated group than those in control group [85.56% (847/990), P<0.001; 65.72% (556/846), P<0.001; 61.26% (446/728), P<0.001; 66.12% (560/847), P<0.001] . In addition, the proportion of low cell number (<7) of D3 embryos [33.76% (370/1 096)] and high fragmentation (fragmentation ≥50%, fragmentation 20%-50%) of D3 embryos [10.01% (109/1 089), 18.64% (203/1 089)] in degenerated group were significantly higher than those in control group [27.19% (230/846), P=0.002; 6.06% (51/841), P=0.002; 14.15% (119/841), P=0.009], and so were the incidence of DC1 and CC [5.98% (66/1 103) vs. 2.48% (21/847), P<0.001; 2.45% (27/1 103) vs. 0.94% (8/847), P=0.013]. As regard to the utilized embryos, there were no significant differences in t5, cc2, cc3 and s2 ( P>0.05), but tPNf [22.82(21.13, 24.84) h], t2 [25.37 (23.62, 27.37) h], t3 [35.64 (33.10, 38.03) h] and t4 [36.85 (34.70, 39.52) h] in degenerated group were significantly earlier than those in control group [23.04 (21.76, 25.41) h, P=0.001; 25.91 (24.15, 28.05) h, P=0.001; 36.16 (33.11, 38.81) h, P=0.040; 37.39 (35.11, 40.27) h, P=0.026]. Further more, after the first transfer of fresh or frozen embryos, there were no significant differences in clinical pregnancy rate, implantation rate, early abortion rate, live birth rate, sex ratio, preterm birth rate, low birth weight rate and birth defect rate between the two groups (all P>0.05). ICSI degeneration was not an independent factor of implantation rate, early abortion rate and live birth rate after ICSI treatment, but number of embryos transferred was an independent factor of implantation rate and live birth rate after ICSI treatment ( OR=2.806, 95% CI: 1.179-6.677, P=0.020; OR=2.622, 95% CI: 1.129-6.090, P=0.025). Conclusion:The presence of oocyte degeneration after ICSI may affect the overall developmental potential of its sibling oocytes and may also disturb the morphokinetics of the embyos, however the pregnancy outcomes and neonatal birth outcomes may not be affected if transfer the best embryo in the first fresh or frozen cycle.

Objective:To understand the prevalence and related factors of three common chronic diseases, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes in HIV-infected persons.Methods:As of December 2023, HIV-infected persons >15 years old who are receiving antiviral therapy (ART) and follow-up in Henan Province were selected as the study objects. Questionnaires, physical examinations, and blood samples were collected to collect demographic information, ART, body weight, blood lipids, blood pressure, and blood sugar of HIV-infected persons. The logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of hyperlipidemia, hypertension and diabetes.Results:Among 4 023 HIV-infected patients, the prevalence rates of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes were 64.47% (2 594/4 023), 16.80% (676/4 023), and 10.54% (424/4 023), respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that hyperlipidemia was positively associated with ≥40 years of age, overweight and obesity, two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) + proteasome inhibitors (PIs) regimen and two NRTIs+ integrase inhibitor regimen, and negatively associated with low body weight. Hypertension was positively correlated with the age group ≥40 years old, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, overweight and obesity, ART time ≥0.5 years, and negatively correlated with low body weight. Diabetes was positively associated with age group ≥40 years, family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, overweight and obesity, and negatively associated with the use of two NRTIs+PIs treatment regimens.Conclusions:In 2023, the prevalence of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes among HIV-infected people in Henan Province was relatively high, and the risk of common chronic diseases among those ≥40 years old, overweight and obese, and those with a family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was also relatively high. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and management of common chronic diseases among HIV-infected people.