Objective: To understand the distribution of tobacco retailer within 100 meters outside middle schools in Wuhan City and its impact on smoking behavior of middle school students, so as to provide basis and feasible suggestions for the development of tobacco control policy for adolescents. Methods: From February to May 2023, a multi stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 20 middle schools from 4 districts in Wuhan City. To investigate the distribution of tobacco retailer within 100 metres outside the school and the sale of tobacco to minors. A total of 4 882 students were surveyed using the core questions of the 2021 Chinese Adolescent Tobacco Prevalence Questionnaire. Fisher exact probability test, Chi square test and Chi square trend test were used for statistical analysis. Results: Nearly 70.00% of middle schools had tobacco retailer within 100 metres, with an average of (1.10±0.97) per middle school. The awareness rate (100.00%) and labeling rate (87.50%) of licensed tobacco retailer were higher than those of non licensed tobacco retailer (33.33%, 16.67%) ( P <0.05). The rates of tried smoking, current smoking and buying cigarettes within 30 days were 7.13%, 1.99% and 2.54%, respectively. The rates of students who tried smoking ( 8.58 %), current smoking (2.29%) and buying cigarettes within 30 days (2.85%) in schools with tobacco retailer within 100 metres were higher than those in schools without tobacco retailer (3.79%, 1.28%, 1.83%)( χ 2=35.80, 5.37, 4.37 , P <0.05). And as the grade increased, the rates of tried smoking, current smoking and buying cigarettes among middle school students all showed an upward trend ( χ 2 trend =66.20, 36.10, 16.17, P <0.05). Conclusions Middle school students in Wuhan City have high tobacco availability. The findings suggest that school ban should be extended from 50 meters to 100 meters, and the regulatory authorities must strictly prohibit selling tobacco products to minors at tobacco retailer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the current status and high-risk factors of chromosomal aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes （PBL） of radiation workers in Hainan Province. MethodsA total of 200 radiological workers who underwent occupational health examination in Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2021 to December 2021 were selected to collect the occupational health examination data and the rate of PBL chromosomal aberrations. The influencing factors of PBL chromosomal aberrations were analyzed by logistic regression model. The predictive value of logistic regression prediction model on PBL chromosomal aberrations were determined by using the reciver operator characteristic （ROC） curve. ResultsA total of 20 000 cells （100 cells/person） were tested. The chromosomal aberration rate was 0.37% （74/20 000） and the PBL chromosomal aberration rate in the subjects was 6.00% （12/200）. Univariate analysis showed that PBL chromosomal aberrations in radiological workers were related to age， length of service， type of work and education （all P<0.05）， but not to gender （P>0.05）. The logistic regression prediction model was constructed based on the influencing factors， with χ²=9.413， df=9， P=0.852， suggesting a good model fit. The logistic regression prediction model predicted the area under the curve （AUC） for the occurrence of PBL chromosomal aberrations in radiation workers was 0.914 （95%CI： 0.866‒0.949）， with a cut-off value of 3.05， corresponding to a prediction sensitivity and specificity of 100.00% and 75.98%， respectively. ConclusionThe incidence of PBL chromosomal aberrations in radiological workers in Hainan Province was 6.00%， with age， working age and job type as high-risk factors and education level as a protective factor. The prediction model constructed by the above factors can provide a reliable basis for clinical prediction of PBL chromosomal aberrations in radiological workers.

Objective:To observe the tracer effect of indocyanine green (ICG) surgical coaxial fluorescence projective imaging system (CFPI) and methylene blue (MB) staining method in the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) of acral malignant melanoma.Methods:Data of patients with acral malignant melanoma requiring SLNB diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from March 2020 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Both ICG and MB were injected intraoperatively to trace the sentinel lymph node (SLN), and SLNB was performed according to fluorescent labeling. Numbers of SLN and metastatic SLN deteted by ICG, MB, ICG combined with MB during operation were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Graphpad Prism 6 software, and the detected number of SLN was expressed as Mean±SD, and paired t-test was performed. The detection rate of SLN was expressed by % and χ2 test was used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 21 patients were included, and 62 SLNs were detected, among which 58 (93.5%) were detected by ICG, 41 (66.1%) by MB, and 62 (100.0%) by ICG combined with MB, respectively. The detection rate of ICG was significantly higher than that of MB, with statistical significance ( χ2=22.34, P=0.001). The detected numbers of SLNs by ICG, MB, ICG combined with MB were (2.76±0.23), (1.95±0.21) and (2.95±0.25) /per person, respectively. ICG was significantly more than MB, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.60, P=0.013). A total of 10 metastatic SLNs were detected, of which 10 were detected by ICG, 7 by MB, and 10 by ICG combined with MB. Conclusion:Compared with MB, ICG CFPI showed better performance in SLNB, and ICG combined with MB showed better performance than ICG alone.

Objective:To observe the tracer effect of indocyanine green (ICG) surgical coaxial fluorescence projective imaging system (CFPI) and methylene blue (MB) staining method in the sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) of acral malignant melanoma.Methods:Data of patients with acral malignant melanoma requiring SLNB diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China from March 2020 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Both ICG and MB were injected intraoperatively to trace the sentinel lymph node (SLN), and SLNB was performed according to fluorescent labeling. Numbers of SLN and metastatic SLN deteted by ICG, MB, ICG combined with MB during operation were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using Graphpad Prism 6 software, and the detected number of SLN was expressed as Mean±SD, and paired t-test was performed. The detection rate of SLN was expressed by % and χ2 test was used. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 21 patients were included, and 62 SLNs were detected, among which 58 (93.5%) were detected by ICG, 41 (66.1%) by MB, and 62 (100.0%) by ICG combined with MB, respectively. The detection rate of ICG was significantly higher than that of MB, with statistical significance ( χ2=22.34, P=0.001). The detected numbers of SLNs by ICG, MB, ICG combined with MB were (2.76±0.23), (1.95±0.21) and (2.95±0.25) /per person, respectively. ICG was significantly more than MB, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=2.60, P=0.013). A total of 10 metastatic SLNs were detected, of which 10 were detected by ICG, 7 by MB, and 10 by ICG combined with MB. Conclusion:Compared with MB, ICG CFPI showed better performance in SLNB, and ICG combined with MB showed better performance than ICG alone.

ObjectiveTo investigate the population with an advantage of clinical cure previously treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), and to provide more methods for clinicians in pursuing the clinical cure of hepatitis B. MethodsA total of 42 chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level HBsAg who received NAs treatment in Hebi Third People’s Hospital from October 2017 to October 2019 were enrolled as subjects and divided into combination treatment group (group A) and NA monotherapy group (group B). The 22 subjects in group A were treated with NAs combined with PEG-IFN antiviral therapy for 48 weeks, and some patients withdrew from PEG-IFN after 24 weeks and continued to receive NA monotherapy, while the 20 subjects in group B received NA antiviral therapy alone. Both groups were observed till week 48, and the five makers for hepatitis B were measured to evaluate clinical outcome. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups, and the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups; a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to perform a multivariate analysis. ResultsCompared with group B at the 48-week treatment endpoint, group A had significantly higher HBsAg clearance rate (45.5% vs 0, P＜0.01) and HBsAg seroconversion rate (31.8% vs 0, P＜0.01). The population with HBsAg ＜1000 IU/ml, ＜500 IU/ml, ＜100 IU/ml, and ＜10 IU/ml had an HBsAg clearance rate of 52.6%, 61.5%, 66.7%, and 100%, respectively, and the population with an HBsAg level of 500-1000 IU/ml, 100-500 IU/ml, 10-100 IU/ml, and ＜10 IU/ml had an HBsAg clearance rate of 33.3%, 50%, 40%, and 100%, respectively. The 4 patients with baseline HBsAg ＜10 IU/ml (accounting for 18.2% in group A) achieved clinical cure at week 12 of combined treatment, and after observation to week 48, 2 patients had an anti-HBs level of ＞100 IU/ml and 2 had an anti-HBs level of ＞1000 IU/ml. The multivariate logistic regression analysis of HBsAg clearance showed that age at the initiation of combined treatment affected HBsAg clearance (odds ratio ［OR］=0.877, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 0.781-0.985, P=0.026), and most of the patients with HBsAg clearance had an age of 36-49 (44.20±4.49) years; baseline HBsAg level also had an impact on HBsAg clearance (OR=0.996, 95% CI: 0.992-1.000, P=0.050). ConclusionThe addition of interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis B patients with low-level HBsAg previously treated with NAs can significantly improve the clinical cure rate. The younger the age and the lower the HBsAg level, the shorter the duration of combined treatment. Age and baseline HBsAg level are more important than the duration and type of NA medication.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of down-regulating lncRNA LINC00263 targeting miR-4458 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and radiosensitivity of breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells.Methods:The expression differences of LINC00263 in breast cancer tissues, adjacent tissues, normal breast epithelial cells and breast cancer cells were determined by qRT-PCR. Transfection of LINC00263 shRNA in breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells down-regulated the expression of LINC00263, and the cloning experiment was used to detect the radiosensitivity. Breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells were treated with 6 Gy irradiation. CCK-8 assay was employed to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry was adopted to detect cell apoptosis. Transwell chamber test was performed to detect cell migration and invasion. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of C-Caspase-3 and C-Caspase-9, MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins. Bioinformatics software predicted that LINC00263 and miR-4458 had complementary binding sites, and the luciferase reporter system was utilized determine the targeting relationship between LINC00263 and miR-4458. LINC00263 shRNA and miR-4458 inhibitor were co-transfected into breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells, and 6 Gy irradiation was given to detect the changes in cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration.Results:The expression level of LINC00263 in breast cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues. The expression level of LINC00263 in breast cancer cells was higher compared with that in normal breast epithelial cells. The radiosensitivity of breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells was increased after transfection of LINC00263 shRNA. Transfection of LINC00263 shRNA and radiation exerted a synergistic effect, jointly inhibited breast cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion, promoted cell apoptosis, up-regulated the expression levels of C-Caspase-3 and C-Caspase-9 proteins in cells, and down-regulated those of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins. Down-regulation of LINC00263 targetedly up-regulated miR-4458 expression. miR-4458 inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of LINC00263 shRNA combined with radiation on the proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis promotion of breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells.Conclusion:Down-regulating lncRNA LINC00263 targeting miR-4458 inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells, and improves cell radiosensitivity.

Occupational exposure to 1-bromopropane (1-BP) induces learning and memory deficits. However, no therapeutic strategies are currently available. Accumulating evidence has suggested that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and neuroinflammation are involved in the cognitive impairments in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study we aimed to investigate whether the noncompetitive NMDAR antagonist MK801 protects against 1-BP-induced cognitive dysfunction. Male Wistar rats were administered with MK801 (0.1 mg/kg) prior to 1-BP intoxication (800 mg/kg). Their cognitive performance was evaluated by the Morris water maze test. The brains of rats were dissected for biochemical, neuropathological, and immunological analyses. We found that the spatial learning and memory were significantly impaired in the 1-BP group, and this was associated with neurodegeneration in both the hippocampus (especially CA1 and CA3) and cortex. Besides, the protein levels of phosphorylated NMDARs were increased after 1-BP exposure. MK801 ameliorated the 1-BP-induced cognitive impairments and degeneration of neurons in the hippocampus and cortex. Mechanistically, MK801 abrogated the 1-BP-induced disruption of excitatory and inhibitory amino-acid balance and NMDAR abnormalities. Subsequently, MK801 inhibited the microglial activation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in 1-BP-treated rats. Our findings, for the first time, revealed that MK801 protected against 1-BP-induced cognitive dysfunction by ameliorating NMDAR function and blocking microglial activation, which might provide a potential target for the treatment of 1-BP poisoning.
Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dizocilpine Maleate ; pharmacology ; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Hydrocarbons, Brominated ; Inflammasomes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Maze Learning ; drug effects ; physiology ; Microglia ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ; metabolism ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Nootropic Agents ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Spatial Memory ; drug effects ; physiology ; Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms

Objective:To explore the application of pyrophosphorolysis-activated polymerization(PAP)to monitor plasma cfDNA in ad-vanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:A total of 85 patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC between March 2016 and June 2017 were enrolled in the present study. EGFR mutations in cfDNA extracted from the plasma were detected using PAP and ARMS-PCR technology.The concordance analysis of EGFR mutations involved plasma vs.tumor tissue and PAP vs.ARMS-PCR.Further-more,38 EGFR-positive patients were selected to monitor EGFR mutations with PAP.Results:No statistical differences in EGFR muta-tions were observed between plasma and tumor tissue(P=0.092),as well as PAP and ARMS-PCR(P=0.210).The detection rate of EGFR mutations in cfDNA was higher in the progressor than in the non-progressor(62.5% vs.21.3%,P<0.001).Conclusions:PAP can be used for detecting and monitoring EGFR mutations in cfDNA to predict disease progression.

Objective To investigate the correlation between histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in the patients with lung adenocarcinoma.Methods Eighty cases of lung adenocarcinoma in our hospital from August 2014 to April 2016 served as the research subjects,and contemporaneous 80 individuals undergoing healthy physical examination were taken as the control group.The fasting venous blood sample was collected in all subjects.Then serum HDAC1 and VEGF levels were detected by ELISA.The differences of serum HDAC1 and VEGF expression levels were compared between the two groups.The HDAC1 and VEGF expression levels in the patients with different characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma and the relation between serum HDAC1 and VEGF concentrations were analyzed.Furthermore the possible influence factors of HDAC1 protein expression level in the patients with lung adenocarcinoma were analyzed.Results The HDAC1 levels in the control group and observation group were(329.56 ± 23.83) ng/L and(568.20 ± 35.40) ng/L,the difference was statistically significant(t=23.576,P=0.000).The VEGF levels in the control group and observation group were(40.26±9.82)ng/L and(296.56±19.80)ng/L respec tively,the difference was statistically significant(t=31.154,P=0.000).The HDAC1 protein level had statistical difference among different genders,ages,clinical stages and smoking history,the HDAC1 protein level in male,age ＞60 years old,clinical stage Ⅲ,V and patients with smoking history were higher(P＜0.05).The Pearson correlation analysis results showed that serum HDAC1 in the patients with lung adenocarcinoma was positively correlated with VEGF protein concentration(r=0.526,P =0.000).The Logistic regression analysis showed that influence factor of HDAC1 protein expression level in the patients with lung adenocarcinoma was clinical stage.Conclusion The high expression of HDAC1 protein in lung adenocarcinoma patients may also simultaneously regulate the VEGF expression,thus promotes the development of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of using pegylated recombinant human granulocyte-colonystimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) in preventing neutropenia in multiple chemotherapy cycles. Methods: A multicenter, prospective, open-label, singlearmstudy was designed. Patients with malignant tumors, such as lung, ovarian, and colorectal cancers, who received multiple cycles of chemotherapy with the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF for 2-4 consecutive cycles participated in the study. Results: After the prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF, the incidence of grade IV neutropenia decreased from 4.76% (13/273) in the first cycle to 1.83% (5/273), 1.15% (2/174), and 2.08% (2/96) in subsequent cycles. Meanwhile, the incidence of grade III neutropenia decreased from 11.36% (31/ 273) in the first cycle to 6.23% (17/273), 2.87% (5/174), and 3.13% (3/96) in subsequent cycles. The incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN) during the first cycle was 0.73% (2/273). The duration of FN was 2 days in one case and 5 days in another case. FN was not observed during the second, third, or fourth cycle. After the secondary prophylactic use of PEG-rhG-CSF, the incidence of grade IV neutropenia decreased from 25% (7/28) to 3.57% (1/28), 0% (0/28), and 6.67% (1/15) in subsequent cycles. Meanwhile, the incidence of grade III neutropenia decreased from 71.43% (20/28) to 10.71% (3/28), 14.29% (4/28), and 0% (0/15) in subsequent cycles. The proportion of patients who received antibiotic therapy during the entire chemotherapy period was 10.48% (44/420). Conclusion: The application of PEG-rhG-CSF once per chemotherapy cycle can effectively reduce the occurrence of neutropenia in patients under multiple cycles of chemotherapy treatment with good safety.