Objective:To explore the effect of Mirena assisted progesterone capsule in the treatment of endometrial polyps after hysteroscopic polypectomy (TCRP).Methods:One hundred and two patients with endometrial polyps treated with TCRP in Shapingba District People′s Hospital of Chongqing City from September 2018 to September 2019 were randomly divided into observation group and control group, with 51 cases in each group. In the control group, levonorgestrel intrauterine system was placed in the uterine cavity after operation, and the observation group was given progesterone capsule for 3 menstrual cycles on the basis of the control group. The curative effect, endometrial thickness, menstrual condition (menstrual period and menstrual volume) before and after treatment were compared between the two groups; and the endometrial tyrosine kinase growth factor receptor (C-kit), C-kit ligand stem cell factor (SCF) and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1(ALDH1) levels before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment for 3 menstrual cycles, the total effective rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group: 96.08% (49/51) vs. 82.35% (42/51), χ2 = 4.99, P<0.05. After treatment for 3 menstrual cycles, the endometrial thickness, menstrual period and menstrual volume in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group: (0.50 ± 0.09) cm vs. (0.63 ± 0.12) cm, (5.08 ± 0.64) d vs. (6.14 ± 0.79) d, (182.27 ± 15.04) ml vs. (236.17 ± 17.18) ml, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). After treatment for 3 menstrual cycles, the levels of C-kit, SCF and ALDH1 in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group: 0.11 ± 0.02 vs. 0.18 ± 0.03, 0.20 ± 0.04 vs. 0.29 ± 0.05, 0.13 ± 0.03 vs. 0.20 ± 0.04, and the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05). The recurrence rate 12 months after treatment in the observation group was lower than that in the control group: 2.08% (1/48) vs. 17.07% (7/41), χ2 = 4.38, P<0.05. Conclusions:The treatment of levonorgestrel intrauterine system combined with progesterone capsule has a positive effect on the recovery of endometrium and menstruation after TCRP for endometrial polyps. It can regulate the expression of related factors in endometrial tissue and reduce recurrence.