Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in China,pro-vide data support and decision-making basis for formulating scientific and effective strategies for HAI prevention and control.Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on HAI was conducted among various types and levels of medical institutions in China according to a unified protocol of bedside surveys and case investigations.Results In 2024,a total of 5 736 medical institutions and 2 751 765 patients were surveyed.Among them,34 889 HAI cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 1.27％.The number of HAI episodes was 38 032,and case prevalence rate was 1.38％.The prevalence rate of HAI in medical institutions in different regions of China ranged from 0.66％to 2.35％.Among medical institutions of different scales,those with a bed capacity of ≥900 had the high-est incidence of HAI,reaching 1.65％.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(44.66％),followed by the urinary tract(12.94％),surgical site(9.32％),upper respiratory tract(7.02％),and bloodstream infection(5.78％).The top 3 departments with the highest HAI rates were the general intensive care unit(10.02％),department of neurosurgery(5.51％),and department(group)of hematology(5.34％).A total of 23 238 strains of HAI pathogens were detected,with 10 714 strains(46.10％)from lower respiratory tract speci-mens.The top 5 detected strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.76％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.33％),Escherichia coli(12.79％),Acinetobacter baumannii(9.23％),and Staphylococcus aureus(7.88％).231 944 pa-tients underwent class Ⅰ incision surgery were monitored,with 1 647 cases experienced surgical site infection,and the prevalence rate of surgical site infection was 0.71％.The number of patients who should undergo pathogen de-tection(patients receiving therapeutic and therapeutic combined prophylactic antimicrobial agents)was 715 179,while the actual number was 480 492,with a pathogen detection rate of 67.18％.425 225 patients received patho-genic detection before treatment,with a detection rate of 59.46％.Conclusion The overall HAI prevalence in Chi-na is lower,showing disparities among medical institutions of different regions and scales.Therefore,precise imple-mentation of measures is necessary for HAI prevention and control,with a focus on high-risk institutions and high-risk departments,key areas,and critical procedures.All levels of medical institutions should continuously reduce the incidence of HAI by strengthening monitoring,standardizing the use of antimicrobial agents,and reinforcing basic HAI prevention and control measures.

Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in China,pro-vide data support and decision-making basis for formulating scientific and effective strategies for HAI prevention and control.Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on HAI was conducted among various types and levels of medical institutions in China according to a unified protocol of bedside surveys and case investigations.Results In 2024,a total of 5 736 medical institutions and 2 751 765 patients were surveyed.Among them,34 889 HAI cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 1.27％.The number of HAI episodes was 38 032,and case prevalence rate was 1.38％.The prevalence rate of HAI in medical institutions in different regions of China ranged from 0.66％to 2.35％.Among medical institutions of different scales,those with a bed capacity of ≥900 had the high-est incidence of HAI,reaching 1.65％.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(44.66％),followed by the urinary tract(12.94％),surgical site(9.32％),upper respiratory tract(7.02％),and bloodstream infection(5.78％).The top 3 departments with the highest HAI rates were the general intensive care unit(10.02％),department of neurosurgery(5.51％),and department(group)of hematology(5.34％).A total of 23 238 strains of HAI pathogens were detected,with 10 714 strains(46.10％)from lower respiratory tract speci-mens.The top 5 detected strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.76％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.33％),Escherichia coli(12.79％),Acinetobacter baumannii(9.23％),and Staphylococcus aureus(7.88％).231 944 pa-tients underwent class Ⅰ incision surgery were monitored,with 1 647 cases experienced surgical site infection,and the prevalence rate of surgical site infection was 0.71％.The number of patients who should undergo pathogen de-tection(patients receiving therapeutic and therapeutic combined prophylactic antimicrobial agents)was 715 179,while the actual number was 480 492,with a pathogen detection rate of 67.18％.425 225 patients received patho-genic detection before treatment,with a detection rate of 59.46％.Conclusion The overall HAI prevalence in Chi-na is lower,showing disparities among medical institutions of different regions and scales.Therefore,precise imple-mentation of measures is necessary for HAI prevention and control,with a focus on high-risk institutions and high-risk departments,key areas,and critical procedures.All levels of medical institutions should continuously reduce the incidence of HAI by strengthening monitoring,standardizing the use of antimicrobial agents,and reinforcing basic HAI prevention and control measures.

Objective To develop a real-time electronic nursing records quality control system based on No.1 Military Medical Project to solve the existing problems in range,representativeness of detection results,information feedback,information storage and etc.Methods An integrated platform was implemented for information acquisition,integration and display on the bases of No.1 Military Medical Project as well as the interfaces with information management systems for electronic nursing records,clinical laboratory examination,medical examination,imaging and etc,which had the functions of auto monitoring of timeliness and logic of electronic nursing records,manual quality control of the connotation as well as the feedback,statistics and analysis on the problems.Results The system behaved well in stability,compatibility,and could be used for real-time and dynamic control of electronic nursing records,timely information feedback and statistical analysis.Conclusion The system contributes to the quality control of electronic nursing records,and is of great significance for its enhancement.

Objective To discuss the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI)in differential diagnosis of high-grade gliomas (HGG)and metastasis.Methods 27 cases of HGG and 46 cases of metastasis were enrolled.All patients took contrast MRI and DCE-MRI before operation.Using the pharmacokinetic model of Extended Tofts Linear to quantitative analyze the data,volume transfer constant (Ktrans ),extracellular extravascular volume fraction (Ve )and blood plasma fraction (Vp )of the lesion's solid components and perilesional edam were obtained.Ktrans value,Ve value and Vp value were compared to judge whether there were significant differences between the two kinds of tumors.Results The values of the Ktrans ,Ve and Vp in parenchyma of HGG and metastasis were not statistically significant (P >0.05).The values of Ktrans and Ve in peritumoral edema of HGG were significantly higher than that of metastasis (P <0.05);Vp values in the peritumoral edema of HGG were lower than that of metastasis,but the difference was not statistically significant (P >0.05). Conclusion DCE-MRI can effectively distinguish HGG from metastasis through quantitative analysis of the perilesional edema.

Objective To investigate the incidence of live births with Down syndrome(DS) in Sanya city as well as to discuss the related risk factors .Methods The object of investigation was the 25 032 infants who were born in Sanya city ,then the children with clinical suspected of DS were confirmed by peripheral blood chromosome analysis .Meanwhile ,the clinical data of children and their parents were collected ,calculating the incidence of DS in this region and analyzing the related risk factors .Results In this region , the total incidence of DS was 0 .959‰ ,the incidences in the Han nationality and Li nationality were 0 .834‰ ,1 .442‰ respectively . The mean age of DS children′s mother was 29 .8 years old ,and the incidence of DS increased as their mother grew older .Before pregnancy ,DS children′s mother who had an exposure history of toxicant and drugs accounted for 45 .8% .Conclusion The inci‐dence of DS in Sanya is quite high ,so it is extremely essential to strengthen the women′s pregnancy Down syndrome screening and improve the prenatal diagnosis in this region .