Background Amid global climate change, extreme environmental events are occurring more frequently, and it is imperative to investigate the impacts of combined exposure to fine particluate matter (PM_2.5) and cold spells (CS) on population mortality. Objective To analyze the association between sequential extreme PM_2.5-cold spell (EP-CS) events and non-accidental mortality among residents in Zigong City from 2016 to 2021. Methods Using time-series study design, meteorological data in Zigong were collected from the Zigong Meteorological Bureau for the period from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2021, while daily non-accidental mortality data were obtained from the mortality surveillance system of the Zigong Center for Disease Control and Prevention. We adopted the percentile method to define extreme PM_2.5 events and cold spells. We analyzed the risk effect of EP-CS events on non-accidental mortality among residents in this city and explored the potential amplification of damage resulting from different patterns of consecutive extreme events by using distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM). We also conducted stratified analyses based on age, gender, education level, and marital status. Results The EP-CS events demonstrated a significant impact on non-accidental mortality among the local residents, exhibiting a certain lagged effect. The effects on the overall residents lasted from lag0 (RR=1.030, 95%CI: 1.013, 1.048) to lag14 (RR=1.035, 95%CI: 1.019, 1.052). Notably, the effects were more pronounced among females, individuals aged 65 years and above, and those who were never married, divorced, or widowed. Different patterns of EP-CS events all associated with adverse effects, the health impact of EP-CS events was significantly greater than that of individual PM_2.5 pollution or CS events. The analysis of lag effects across different event patterns revealed that the overall effect of EP-CS events with shorter intervals (0–7 d) had a stronger effect compared to EP-CS with longer intervals (8–14 d), and the RR values of lag14 were 1.034 (95%CI: 1.015, 1.054) and 1.017 (95%CI: 1.007, 1.027), suggesting that the damaging effect of compound events occurring in the short term was more significant. Conclusion All sequential extreme EP-CS events have an impact on non-accidental mortality among residents in this city, with compound events demonstrating a stronger effect. Females, individuals aged ≥65 years, and those who were never married, divorced, or widowed are more sensitive to EP-CS events.

The Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK-STAT) control natural killer (NK) cells development and cytotoxic functions, however, whether long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in this pathway remains unknown. We found that miR155HG was elevated in activated NK cells and promoted their proliferation and effector functions in both NK92 and induced-pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs)-derived NK (iPSC-NK) cells, without reliance on its derived miR-155 and micropeptide P155. Mechanistically, miR155HG bound to miR-6756 and relieved its repression of JAK3 expression, thereby promoting the JAK-STAT pathway and enhancing NK cell proliferation and function. Further investigations disclosed that upon cytokine stimulation, STAT3 directly interacts with miR155HG promoter and induces miR155HG transcription. Collectively, we identify a miR155HG-mediated positive feedback loop of the JAK-STAT signaling. Our study will also provide a power target regarding miR155HG for improving NK cell generation and effector function in the field of NK cell adoptive transfer therapy against cancer, especially iPSC-derived NK cells.

Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in China,pro-vide data support and decision-making basis for formulating scientific and effective strategies for HAI prevention and control.Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on HAI was conducted among various types and levels of medical institutions in China according to a unified protocol of bedside surveys and case investigations.Results In 2024,a total of 5 736 medical institutions and 2 751 765 patients were surveyed.Among them,34 889 HAI cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 1.27％.The number of HAI episodes was 38 032,and case prevalence rate was 1.38％.The prevalence rate of HAI in medical institutions in different regions of China ranged from 0.66％to 2.35％.Among medical institutions of different scales,those with a bed capacity of ≥900 had the high-est incidence of HAI,reaching 1.65％.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(44.66％),followed by the urinary tract(12.94％),surgical site(9.32％),upper respiratory tract(7.02％),and bloodstream infection(5.78％).The top 3 departments with the highest HAI rates were the general intensive care unit(10.02％),department of neurosurgery(5.51％),and department(group)of hematology(5.34％).A total of 23 238 strains of HAI pathogens were detected,with 10 714 strains(46.10％)from lower respiratory tract speci-mens.The top 5 detected strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.76％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.33％),Escherichia coli(12.79％),Acinetobacter baumannii(9.23％),and Staphylococcus aureus(7.88％).231 944 pa-tients underwent class Ⅰ incision surgery were monitored,with 1 647 cases experienced surgical site infection,and the prevalence rate of surgical site infection was 0.71％.The number of patients who should undergo pathogen de-tection(patients receiving therapeutic and therapeutic combined prophylactic antimicrobial agents)was 715 179,while the actual number was 480 492,with a pathogen detection rate of 67.18％.425 225 patients received patho-genic detection before treatment,with a detection rate of 59.46％.Conclusion The overall HAI prevalence in Chi-na is lower,showing disparities among medical institutions of different regions and scales.Therefore,precise imple-mentation of measures is necessary for HAI prevention and control,with a focus on high-risk institutions and high-risk departments,key areas,and critical procedures.All levels of medical institutions should continuously reduce the incidence of HAI by strengthening monitoring,standardizing the use of antimicrobial agents,and reinforcing basic HAI prevention and control measures.

Objective To understand the current situation of healthcare-associated infection(HAI)in China,pro-vide data support and decision-making basis for formulating scientific and effective strategies for HAI prevention and control.Methods A nationwide cross-sectional survey on HAI was conducted among various types and levels of medical institutions in China according to a unified protocol of bedside surveys and case investigations.Results In 2024,a total of 5 736 medical institutions and 2 751 765 patients were surveyed.Among them,34 889 HAI cases were identified,with a prevalence rate of 1.27％.The number of HAI episodes was 38 032,and case prevalence rate was 1.38％.The prevalence rate of HAI in medical institutions in different regions of China ranged from 0.66％to 2.35％.Among medical institutions of different scales,those with a bed capacity of ≥900 had the high-est incidence of HAI,reaching 1.65％.The most common infection site was the lower respiratory tract(44.66％),followed by the urinary tract(12.94％),surgical site(9.32％),upper respiratory tract(7.02％),and bloodstream infection(5.78％).The top 3 departments with the highest HAI rates were the general intensive care unit(10.02％),department of neurosurgery(5.51％),and department(group)of hematology(5.34％).A total of 23 238 strains of HAI pathogens were detected,with 10 714 strains(46.10％)from lower respiratory tract speci-mens.The top 5 detected strains were Klebsiella pneumoniae(14.76％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa(13.33％),Escherichia coli(12.79％),Acinetobacter baumannii(9.23％),and Staphylococcus aureus(7.88％).231 944 pa-tients underwent class Ⅰ incision surgery were monitored,with 1 647 cases experienced surgical site infection,and the prevalence rate of surgical site infection was 0.71％.The number of patients who should undergo pathogen de-tection(patients receiving therapeutic and therapeutic combined prophylactic antimicrobial agents)was 715 179,while the actual number was 480 492,with a pathogen detection rate of 67.18％.425 225 patients received patho-genic detection before treatment,with a detection rate of 59.46％.Conclusion The overall HAI prevalence in Chi-na is lower,showing disparities among medical institutions of different regions and scales.Therefore,precise imple-mentation of measures is necessary for HAI prevention and control,with a focus on high-risk institutions and high-risk departments,key areas,and critical procedures.All levels of medical institutions should continuously reduce the incidence of HAI by strengthening monitoring,standardizing the use of antimicrobial agents,and reinforcing basic HAI prevention and control measures.

Endometriosis is a chronic,relapsing disease that requires long-term management.Ado-lescent endometriosis is a group that can be ig-nored,and the drug treatment is an important method for long-term management and fertility preservation.There are many kinds of drugs to treat endometriosis,such as NSAIDs,combined oral contraceptives(COC),progesterone,GnRHa.For the drug treatment selection,the characteris-tics of adolescents should be carefully considered and individualized treatment should be provided.In order to better long-term management,it is nec-essary to develop new treatments,which can effec-tively relieve endometriosis without damaging fer-tility.This review focuses on the drug treatment op-tions and research progress of basic drug treat-ment for adolescent endometriosis,so as to delay disease progression,reduce adverse reactions,pre-serve fertility,and improve quality of life.

This study explores the application effect of the case-based teaching method based on Xuexitong learning platform in the online teaching of Digestive System, and analyzes the learner's emotional experience, learning behavior, and learning effect in the case-based online teaching. The results of the study show that the case-based online teaching model based on Xuexitong learning platform improves students' online learning interest, and the students have good emotional experience, high learning enthusiasm, good classroom interaction, enhanced self-learning ability before and after class, and good learning effect. In addition, precise teaching can be used for individual students who are not enthusiastic about online learning.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of home visit based on empowerment education on psychotic symptoms， self-management ability and well-being of schizophrenia patients in home rehabilitation. MethodsA total of 87 cases of schizophrenia patients who met the diagnostic criteria of International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） and were recovering at home in Caiba town， Yibin city from January to July 2021 were selected by random sampling method as research subjects. They were divided into experimental group （n=43） and control group （n=44） according to the random number table method. The two groups received routine family visits， and the experimental group received family visits based on empowerment education. The intervention cycle of the two groups was 6 months. Before and after the intervention， the severity of psychotic symptoms， self-management ability and well-being of the patients in the two groups were assessed with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS）， the Schizophrenia Self-Management Instrument Scale （SSMIS） and the Index of Well-Being Scale （IWB）. ResultsAfter intervention， the intra group comparison showed that the BPRS score in the experimental group was lower than that before the intervention （t=4.550， P<0.01）， the SSMIS scores in both groups were higher than those before intervention （t=-17.107， -6.367， P<0.01）， and the IWB score in the experimental group was higher than that before intervention （t=-9.239， P<0.01）. The comparison between groups showed that the BPRS score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group， and the SSMIS and IWB scores were higher than those of the control group （t=-3.899， 10.564， 9.690， P<0.01）. ConclusionThe implementation of family visit based on empowerment education may help to improve the psychotic symptoms of home rehabilitation schizophrenia， and improve their self-management ability and well-being.

Objective To study the effects of Vitamin D (VitD) supplementation on growth and immune function in neonatal mice.Methods A total of 120 mice were divided into four groups (30 mice in each group) according to dose of VitD.The high-dose group,medium-dose group and low-dose group was given 3.44,1.72,0.86 IU VitD drops,respectively.The control group was not treated with VitD drops.Rat body weight,level of peripheral blood 25-(OH)D3 were observed.The cellular immune function (determined by using delayed hypersensitivity reaction experiment),humoral immune function (assessed by antibody producing cells counts and HC50 determination) and mononuclear-macrophage phagocytic function (assessed by mouse peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis of chicken red blood cells test and carbon clearance test) were detected.The flow cytometry assay was carried out to differentiate T lymphocyte subsets.Results With the increase of dose of VitD,levels of peripheral blood 25-(OH)D3 and calcium ion were gradually increased,there were statistically significant differences when compared with the control group(P＜0.05);the body weight and body length were gradually increased,while no statistically significant difference was found among the groups treated with VitD(P＞0.05).Compared to the control group,the toes swelling,phagocytic percentage,number of antibody producing cells,serum soluble HC50 in the high-dose group and medium-dose group were increased significantly,while carbon clearance test phagocytic index were decreased significantly (P＜0.05).With the increase of dose of VitD,the number of CD4+,CD8+ T lymphocytes and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio were gradually increased.Conclusion VitD could promote the growth and development of offspring mice,and enhance the immune function of the body.

Aclarubicin ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cytarabine ; therapeutic use ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Recurrence

Objective To study the value of the changes of signal intensity at the jugular bulb in diagnosing sigmoid sinus thrombosis.Methods MR imaging examinations were performed in 27 cases with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(transverse and sigmoid sinuses).The signal intensity at the jugular bulb was evaluated in comparison with that in 20 healthy persons,and the results were dealed with Wilcoxon rank sum test statistically.Results In sigmoid sinus thrombosis,the signal intensity at ipsilateral jugular bulb was higher than that in healthy group(P