Objective To analyze the pharmacological mechanism of Shenling Baizhu powder in the treatment of cancer cachexia based on the network pharmacological method and provide a reference for the clinical application of classical traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) prescriptions. Methods Through TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases, the main chemical components and their targets of the TCM prescription of Shenling Baizhu powder were obtained, and the active components of the TCM were screened according to ADME. The main targets of cancer cachexia were obtained through OMIM, Genecards, Disgenet and DRUGBANK databases, and protein interaction analysis was conducted using String platform to build a PPI network. The “drug-active ingredient-target” network of Shenling Baizhu powder was constructed by Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, and then the biological processes and pathways involved were analyzed by using Metascape platform. Finally, molecular docking verification was conducted by Discovery Studio. Results The core active ingredients of Shenling Baizhu powder in the treatment of cancer cachexia were quercetin, kaempferol, pyrolignous acid, stigmasterol, luteolin, β-sitosterol, etc. The core targets were AKT1, TP53, TNF, IL-6, MAPK3, CASP3, JUN, CTNNB1, HIF1A, EGFR, etc. The molecular docking test also showed that the top 10 active ingredients, such as pyrolignous acid, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, had good binding activities with most of the target sites. The biological pathway of Shenling Baizhu powder in treating cancer cachexia wss mainly to regulate tumor related pathway, metabolism related pathway, inflammatory factors and appetite related pathway. Conclusion This study preliminarily revealed the mechanism of action of Shenling Baizhu powder in treating cancer cachexia with multi components, multi targets and multi pathways, which provided a basis for the clinical development and utilization of Shenling Baizhu powder.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture at acupoints of liver meridian in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) of liver depression. METHODS: A total of 62 patients with DOR of liver depression were randomly divided into an electroacupuncture group (31 cases, 1 case discontinued) and a western medication group (31 cases, 1 case was eliminated). Electroacupuncture was applied at bilateral Taichong (LR 3), Ligou (LR 5), Ququan (LR 8), Jimai (LR 12) in the electroacupuncture group, with continuous wave, in frequency of 2 Hz and current of 0.5-1.0 mA, 30 min each time, once every other day, 3 times a week. Femoston was taken orally in the western medication group, oral estradiol tablets were taken for the first 14 days, followed by oral estradiol/progesterone complex tablets for the rest 14 days, 1 tablet a day. Both groups were treated for 3 consecutive menstrual cycles. Before and after treatment, the scores of TCM syndrome, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were observed, serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) were detected, and antral follicle count (AFC), peak systolic velocity (PSV) and resistance index (RI) of ovarian artery were measured by color Doppler ultrasound in the two groups, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated after treatment. RESULTS: After treatment, the scores of primary symptom and secondary symptom, as well as the total scores of TCM syndrome were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.01), the scores of SAS and SDS, as well as the serum FSH levels and RI of ovarian artery were decreased compared with those before treatment (P<0.01), while the serum AMH levels, AFC and PSV of ovarian artery were increased compared with those before treatment (P<0.05, P<0.01) in the two groups. After treatment, in the electroacupuncture group, the primary symptom score of TCM syndrome was higher than that in the western medication group (P<0.01), the secondary symptom score of TCM syndrome and the scores of SAS and SDS were lower than those in the western medication group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The total effective rate was 70.0% (21/30) in the electroacupuncture group and 73.3% (22/30) in the western medication group respectively, there was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION Electroacupuncture at acupoints of liver meridian can effectively improve the clinical symptoms, anxiety and depression, regulate the serum sex hormone levels, increase AFC and improve ovarian blood supply in DOR patients of liver depression.
Humans ; Female ; Electroacupuncture ; Adult ; Acupuncture Points ; Meridians ; Ovarian Reserve ; Young Adult ; Liver Diseases/physiopathology* ; Liver/metabolism* ; Ovary/physiopathology* ; Treatment Outcome ; Depression/therapy*

The enterobacterial common antigen (ECA) is a polysaccharide composed of polysaccharide repeats that are located in the outer membrane of almost all Enterobacteriaceae bacteria and has diverse biological functions. ECA is synthesized by the synergistic action of multiple genes that are present in clusters on the genome of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, forming the ECA antigen gene cluster, an important virulence factor that plays a role in host invasion and survival of Enterobacteriaceae in vivo. ECA also plays an important role in the maintenance of the bacterial outer membrane permeability barrier, flagella gene expression, swarming motility, and bile salts resistance. In addition, ECALPS, anchored in the core region of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, is an important surface antigen for bacteria, stimulating high levels of antibody production in the host and could be a target for vaccine research. This review summarizes ECA purification, genes involved in ECA biosynthesis, its immunological characteristics, biological functions and clinical applications.
Antigens, Bacterial/genetics* ; Enterobacteriaceae/genetics* ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Polysaccharides

Cancer is one of the most important diseases threatening human health. Frequently-used traditional cancer treatment methods, like radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery, have serious toxic side effects and limitations. The widely-used drug delivery carriers (liposomes, nanoparticles, etc.) have also possessed many issues such as drug leakage and incomplete loading in the late clinical stage. Currently, using tumor-targeting vectors to deliver anti-tumor drugs or small molecules is one of the promising strategies for mediating safe and effective tumor therapy. In recent years, bacterial-derived non-replicating minicells, which are nanoscale non-nucleated cells produced during abnormal bacterial division, have got more and more attention. With a diameter of 200-400 nm, minicells have a large drug loading capacity. Meanwhile, the surface of minicells are able to be modified to load the assembly of antibodies/ligands that bind to tumor cell surface specific antigens or receptors, which can significantly improve tumor targeting of minicells. This tumor-targeting nanomaterials of minicells not only are used to deliver anti-tumor chemotherapeutic drugs, functional nucleic acids or plasmids encoding functional small molecules to mammalian cells, but also greatly increase drug loading and reduce drug penetration. Thus, the use of minicells combining with chemical therapy could help reduce the toxicity and maximize the effectiveness of the drug in the body. This paper summarizes the research and development of production purification, drug loading, tumor cells targeting, and internalization process of minicells, as well as its use in the delivery of anti-tumor drugs, to provide some information for the development and utilization of minicell carriers.
Animals ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Nanoparticles ; Neoplasms ; Plasmids

Recombinant bacterial vector vaccines have been widely used as carriers for the delivery of protective antigens and nucleic acid vaccines to prevent certain infectious diseases because of their ability to induce mucosal immunity, humoral immunity and cellular immunity. However, protective antigens and nucleic acids recombined into bacterial vector vaccines are difficult to be released into host cells because of the presence of bacterial cell wall. Vaccine strains that are residual in animals or livestock products may also cause environmental contamination and spread of the vaccine strains. The effective solution for these problems is to construct an auto-lysis system that can regulate the vaccine strains to grow normally in vitro while lysis in vivo. The lysis systems that have been applied in germs mainly include: the lysis system based on regulated delayed peptidoglycan synthesis, the lysis system based on the regulation of bacteriophage lysis protein and the lysis system based on the toxin-antitoxin system. In addition, a potential lysis system based on bacterial Type Ⅵ Secretion System (T6SS) is also expected to be a new method for the construction of auto-lysis strains. This review will focus on the regulatory mechanisms of these bacterial lysis systems.
Animals ; Antigens, Bacterial ; Bacterial Vaccines ; Vaccines, Attenuated ; Vaccines, DNA

Objective To investigate the effect of Puromycin(PAN)and Tacrolimus(FK506)on the expre-ssion of podocin in podocytes,and discuss the mechanism of FK506 in improving proteinuria caused by the damage of glomerular podocytes.Methods Mouse podocyte were cultured and divided into 3 groups,which were control group, PAN group and FK506 group,respectively.The changes of each group after 8 hours,24 hours and 48 hours of treatment were detected by using phase-contrast microscope,and the expression and distribution of protein and mRNA were tested by adopting Western blot,quantitative real-time PCR and immunofluorescence technique.Results Compared with the control group(8.54 ± 0.25,8.27 ± 0.07,7.45 ± 0.13)at each time point(8 hours,24 hours and 48 hours),the soma size of the PAN group(6.41 ± 0.22,4.96 ± 0.09,3.76 ± 0.16)was reduced.But in the FK506 group(7.67 ± 0.06, 6.62 ± 0.04,5.57 ± 0.27),it was increased at each time point(8 hours,24 hours and 48 hours)compared with the PAN group.The podocytic process and the intercellular connection disappeared,and the distribution was significantly scattered.The mRNA(0.87 ± 0.15,0.78 ± 0.15,0.58 ± 0.12)and protein(0.82 ± 0.02,0.62 ± 0.03,0.50 ± 0.02) expressions of podocin increased in FK506 group and mRNA(0.63 ± 0.12,0.56 ± 0.01,0.48 ± 0.02),protein (0.71 ± 0.03,0.46 ± 0.01,0.34 ± 0.02)were observably reduced in PAN group at each time point(8 hours,24 hours and 48 hours)and showed abnormal distribution in PAN group,compared with the control group[podocin mRNA (1.22 ± 0.15,1.18 ± 0.06,0.87 ± 0.30),protein(0.86 ± 0.03,0.87 ± 0.03,0.61 ± 0.07)].Conclusions PAN attenuates the mRNA and protein expression of podocin by damaging podocytes,inversely,while FK506 protects poto-cyte injury by stabilizing the mRNA and protein expression of podocin,which maybe involve inhibition of proteinuria.It can be used as a target for the study and treatment of kidney diseases.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the biological characteristics and genetic features of human placenta mesenchymal stem cells (hPA-MSCs) cultured in vitro in order to assess its safety for clinical use.

METHODSThe shapes of the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 17th and 20th generation hPA-MSCs cultured in vitro using serum-free culture medium were observed. Their cell cycle, cell surface markers, and karyotype were analyzed, and relevant genes and cytokines were measured.

RESULTSThe shape of hPA-MSCs has remained as fusiform or short fusiform, and there was no significant change. About 93% of hPA-MSCs cells were in G0/G1 phase and remained stable. No obvious chromosomal translocation, loss or inversion was noted by karyotyping analysis. Cytokines expression level remained stable. Related gene expression level as a whole was on the decline, but the gene expression level of the first five generations showed very slight variations, with genetic characteristics remaining stable.

CONCLUSIONThe hPA-MSCs cultured in vitro with serum-free medium has retained stable in the first five generations.

Cells, Cultured ; Cytokines ; analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; physiology ; Placenta ; cytology ; Pregnancy

The paper introduces the current situation of hospital operation index statistics,explores the design of hospital operation index set based on the standards,an index system with 3-layer architecture based on the data platform and the application modules of the index set.The development and application of this system ensures the consistent calculation,highly efficient utilization and shared reuse of statistical indexes and makes the hospital data services more orderly,efficient and accurate.

The paper introduces technologies related to data mining , including the feature selection , outlier detection model , cluste-ring model, association rule model, classification model, ensemble learning algorithm, etc.It makes detailed explanation of the applica-tion of data mining in the diagnosis , prognosis and management of clinical malignant tumors .

The plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy),vitamin B12 and folic acid were measured in a total of 101 patients with herpes zoster (observation group) before treatment and 100 healthy controls (control group).And the plasma level of Hcy was also measured in observation group after treatment.There was a significant increase of Hcy level in observation group versus control group (P ＜0.01).And the levels of VitB12 and folic acid did not fluctuate (P ＞ 0.05).The occurrence rate of hyperhomocysteinemia and the level of Hcy differed in age group,onset site and pain severity (P ＜ 0.05).No significant differences existed between gender or onset site (P ＞ 0.05).The level of Hcy significantly decreased after treatment versus before treatment (P ＜0.01).Plasma Hcy significantly increased in patients with herpes zoster.And it was correlated with age,lesion extent and pain severity.However,there was no correlation with gender,onset site or levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid.