OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided closed reduction with Kirschner wire fixation and open reduction with Kirschner wire fixation in the treatment of humeral lateral condyle fracture (HLCF) in children. METHODS: A clinical data of 53 children with HLCF admitted between May 2020 and April 2023 and met selective criteria was retrospectively analyzed. Of these, 25 cases were managed with closed reduction and Kirschner wire fixation under ultrasound guidance (closed group), while 28 cases underwent open reduction and Kirschner wire fixation (open group). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender, age, cause of injury, fracture side, fracture classification, and time from injury to operation ( P>0.05). The following variables were recorded and compared between the two groups: operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, fracture healing time, incidence of complications, and the Flynn elbow function score at last follow-up. RESULTS: In the closed group, the fractures were successfully reduced under ultrasound guidance, with no nerve damage reported in either group. The operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency were significantly less in the closed group than in the open group ( P<0.05). One case of infection (Kirschner wire irritation) was observed in the closed group, while 3 cases in the open group (2 of Kirschner wire irritation and 1 of incision infection). However, the difference in the incidence of infection between the two groups was not significant ( P>0.05). All patients in both groups were followed up 6-18 months (mean, 10.2 months). X-ray examinations confirmed that fractures had healed in both groups, with no significant difference in healing time ( P>0.05). During follow-up, 5 cases of lateral humeral process formation were observed in the closed group, compared to 12 cases in the open group, although this difference was not significant ( P>0.05). At last follow-up, the excellent and good rate of elbow joint function was evaluated as 96.0% (24/25) in the closed group and 92.9% (26/28) in the open group according to the Flynn scoring criteria, with no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). Both groups showed no occurrence of ossifying myositis or elbow internal/external rotation. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of ultrasound-guided closed reduction and Kirschner wire fixation in the treatment of HLCF in children is comparable to open reduction and Kirschner wire fixation, but the former can reduce operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, and obtain lower the incidence of complications.
Humans ; Humeral Fractures/diagnostic imaging* ; Bone Wires ; Male ; Female ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation* ; Treatment Outcome ; Child, Preschool ; Open Fracture Reduction/methods* ; Fracture Healing ; Elbow Joint/surgery* ; Adolescent ; Closed Fracture Reduction/methods* ; Fluoroscopy ; Operative Time

Genetically modified (GM) crops, as a pivotal innovation in modern agriculture, exhibit significant advantages such as pest and disease resistance, herbicide tolerance, stress tolerance, and yield enhancement. However, their widespread adoption has been associated with potential ecological risks, including weediness of transgenic plants, gene flow, emergence of novel viral strains in virus-resistant crops, impacts on non-target organisms and soil ecosystems, and evolution of target pest resistance. This review focuses on the dual characteristics of GM crops, systematically examining their agronomic benefits and the underlying mechanisms of ecological risks. This review provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing the development of GM crops and ecological risk management, facilitating sustainable agricultural practices.
Plants, Genetically Modified/growth & development* ; Crops, Agricultural/growth & development* ; Ecosystem ; Ecology

Objective To develop a highly sensitive and rapid nucleic acid detection method for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2). Methods We designed,developed,and manufactured an integrated disposable device for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction and detection.The precision of the liquid transfer and temperature control was tested.A comparison between our device and a commercial kit for SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid extraction was performed using real-time fluorescence reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The entire process,from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction to amplification,was evaluated. Results The precision of the syringe transfer volume was 19.2±1.9 μL(set value was 20),32.2±1.6(set value was 30),and 57.2±3.5(set value was 60).Temperature control in the amplification tube was measured at 60.0±0.0 ℃(set value was 60)and 95.1±0.2 ℃(set value was 95)respectively.SARS-Cov-2 nucleic acid extraction yield through the device was 7.10×106 copies/mL,while a commercial kit yielded 2.98×106 copies/mL.The mean time to complete the entire assay,from SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid extraction to amplification detection,was 36 min and 45 s.The detection limit for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was 250 copies/mL. Conclusion The integrated disposable devices may be used for SARS-CoV-2 Point-of-Care test(POCT).

Objective To investigate the effect of rapid ultrasonic tissue processing on breast biopsy tissue.Methods Totally 100 breast puncture samples from the Department of Pathology at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University in 2023 were randomly selected and dehydrated using rapid ultrasound tissue processing technology(the rapid group).Paired surgical samples(0.3 cm×0.3 cm×0.3 cm)that did not undergo neoadjuvant therapy before surgery were collected and subjected to routine pathological tissue treat-ment(the conventional group).The two groups of samples were subjected to routine sectioning after dehydration.The dehydration time,hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining effect,and fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)results of the two groups were compared.Next,the estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2(HER2)immunohistochemical(IHC)detection results of the two groups were compared using the kappa test with paired counting data.Results Dehydration time in the rapid group(46.70±1.42 min)was significantly shorter than that in the conventional group(659.25±6.03 min,t=987.44,P<0.001).No significant differences were observed between the HE staining scores of the rapid group(10.13±1.12)and that of the conventional group(10.15±0.97).The consistency rate of ER expression between the two groups was 92.5%(Kappa=0.794,P<0.05),that of PR expres-sion between the two groups was 76.25%(Kappa=0.639,P<0.05),and that of HER2 expression between the two groups was 72.5%(Kappa=0.610,P<0.05).The FISH results were consistent between the two groups.Conclusion Rapid ultrasonic tissue treatment has the advantages of a short procedure time,less pollution,and simple operation.The present study showed no statistically significant differences between the effect of rapid tissue treatment on tissue sections and that of routine dehydration.Therefore,this method can be widely used in pathology for the analysis of small samples.

Emerging research suggests a potential association of progression of Alzheimer's disease(AD)with al-terations in synaptic currents and mitochondrial dynamics.However,the specific associations between these pathological changes remain unclear.In this study,we utilized Aβ42-induced AD rats and primary neural cells as in vivo and in vitro models.The investigations included behavioural tests,brain magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS)analysis,Nissl staining,thioflavin-S staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,Golgi-Cox staining,trans-mission electron microscopy(TEM),immunofluorescence staining,proteomics,adenosine triphosphate(ATP)detection,mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and reactive oxygen species(ROS)assess-ment,mitochondrial morphology analysis,electrophysiological studies,Western blotting,and molecular docking.The results revealed changes in synaptic currents,mitophagy,and mitochondrial dynamics in the AD models.Remarkably,intervention with Dengzhan Shengmai(DZSM)capsules emerged as a pivotal element in this investigation.Aβ42-induced synaptic dysfunction was significantly mitigated by DZSM intervention,which notably amplified the frequency and amplitude of synaptic transmission.The cognitive impairment observed in AD rats was ameliorated and accompanied by robust protection against structural damage in key brain regions,including the hippocampal CA3,primary cingular cortex,prelimbic system,and dysgranular insular cortex.DZSM intervention led to increased IDE levels,augmented long-term potential(LTP)amplitude,and enhanced dendritic spine density and length.Moreover,DZSM intervention led to favourable changes in mitochondrial parameters,including ROS expression,MMP and ATP contents,and mitochondrial morphology.In conclusion,our findings delved into the realm of altered synaptic currents,mitophagy,and mitochondrial dynamics in AD,concurrently highlighting the therapeutic potential of DZSM intervention.

【Objective】 To evaluate and analyze the impact of COVID-19 epidemic on inventory of red blood cells (RBCs)in local and municipal blood stations in China, and to provide reference for the management of public health emergencies. 【Methods】 Relevant data from 2018 to 2021 were collected, and the differences in the volume of qualified RBCs, the usage efficiency of inventory RBCs, the average daily distribution of RBCs,the blood distribution rate of RBCs prepared by 400 mL whole blood, the difference in the average storage days of RBCs at the time of distribution, the average daily inventory of RBCs and the time of the average daily inventory of RBCs to maintain the distribution in 24 local and municipal blood stations in China during the COVID-19 epidemic and non-epidemic periods were retrospectively analyzed. 【Results】 Compared with non-epidemic periods, the volume of qualified RBCs [(117 525.979 ±52 203.175)U] and the average daily distribution of RBCs [( 156. 468 ± 70. 186) U ] increased significantly, but the usage efficiency of inventory RBCs decreased(97.24%±0.51%) significantly (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the blood distribution rate of RBCs prepared by 400 mL whole blood(73.88%±20.30%), the average storage days of RBCs distribution(13.040 ±3.486), the average daily stock quantity of RBCs[(2 280.542 ±1 446.538) U ] and the time of the average daily inventory of RBCs to maintain the distribution[(15.062 ±7.453) d] (P>0.5). 【Conclusion】 During the COVID-19 epidemic, the inventory management of RBCs operated well, the overall inventory remained relatively stable, the stock composition and storage period showed no significant change.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and genetics of a pedigree with Stargardt disease, and investigate the pathogenicity of ABCA4 (ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 4) gene mutations in Stargardt disease.Methods:The proband was admitted to the Second People′s Hospital of Jinan in May 2021 due to diminution of vision. The proband was diagnosed with Stargardt disease according to the clinical diagnostic criteria of Stargardt disease. Detailed ophthalmological examinations was also performed on family members of the proband. Genomic DNA were extracted from the proband and the family members, and the whole exon sequencing was performed to find pathogenic gene mutations. The hazard of mutations was analyzed by polyphen-2, SIFT and MutationTaster websites. Sanger sequencing was used to verify the mutations. Conserved analysis of homologous species and 3-dimensional (3D) molecular model of the protein were used to analyze the pathogenicity.Results:Ophthalmological examinations showed reduced binocular vision, macular atrophy and "bull′s eye sign" in the proband and there was no abnormal signs and symptoms among the family members. Through whole exon sequencing analysis and Sanger sequencing verification, the compound heterozygous mutations (c.215G>A and c.6563T>C) of ABCA4 gene were co-segregated with this disease in this family. SIFT, Polyphen-2 and MutationTaster predicted that these two mutations were pathogenic. Conservative analysis and 3D molecular model of protein showed that mutations could cause changes in protein structure and affect protein function.Conclusion:The compound heterozygous mutations (C.215G>A and C.6563T>C) of ABCA4 gene are the pathogenic mutations of Stargardt disease in this pedigree.

【Objective】 To study the annual financial expenditure in blood stations with different scales, and to establish the regression equation between blood collection units and total expenditure. 【Methods】 The annual total expenditure, the per capita cost of serving population, as well as the collection units of whole blood and apheresis platelet of 24 blood stations were collected. The financial expenditure required for collecting 10 000U blood was calculated.The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS statistical software. 【Results】 From 2017 to 2020, the total annual financial expenditure of 24 blood stations showed an upward trend. The total expenditure among blood stations was different. The per capita cost of servicing population in the areas where the 24 blood stations were located had been increasing year by year. The 24 blood stations were divided into two grades according to the blood collection volume as 50 000 U, and the relationship equation between the blood collection volume and the annual total expenditure had been established. After testing, each equation was effective(P<0.05); There was no difference in the financial expenditure required for collecting 10 000U blood among blood stations with different scales. 【Conclusion】 From 2017 to 2020, the blood stations with an annual collection volume more than 50 000 U demonstrated a higher financial expenditure and the per capita cost of serving population than those <50 000 U. The blood collection volume of blood stations is significantly correlated with the annual total expenditure and the per capita cost of serving population.

【Objective】 To investigate the factors influencing the anxiety of college first-time blood donors and the effect of nursing intervention. 【Methods】 A total of 168 college students who participated in voluntary blood donation for the first time in a university in Chengde from April to May 2020 were scored using Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety among first-time college donors.They were randomly divided into control group (just routine blood collection) and observation group (nursing intervention was performed on first-time blood donors before, during and after blood collection) to compare the HAMA scores and incidence of adverse reactions to blood donation between the two groups before and after nursing intervention. 【Results】 Among the 168 college students, the incidence of anxiety was 61.9%(104/168), and the influencing factors included gender, knowledge of blood donation and blood donation knowledge received before blood donation.After nursing intervention, HAMA score of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 15.48% (13/84)in the control group, higher than 8.33%(7/84)in the observation group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 For first-time blood donation, college donors female, lack of blood donation knowledge, with few health knowledge before blood donation were prone to anxiety in blood donation.Effective nursing intervention during blood donation can help alleviate anxiety and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to blood donation.

Objective:To explore the mechanism and regulatory effects of melatonin on UVB-induced melanin synthesis in human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT), so as to provide a theoretical basis for the skin protection of melatonin.Methods:HaCaT cells were pretreated with 10 -5 mol/L melatonin and then irradiated with 80 mJ/cm 2UVB. The melanin content was detected by NaOH assay, the proportion of premature senescence cells was detected by β-galactosidase staining kit, and the protein expression levels of both p53 and tyrosinase (TYR) were detected by Western blot at 72 h after UVB exposure. After 12 h pretreatment of ATM/ATR inhibitor, p53 inhibitor and melatonin, the proportion of premature senescence and the change of melanin content in HaCaT cells were detected at 72 h after 80 mJ/cm 2 UVB irradiation. Results:Melatonin inhibited UVB-induced increases of melanin content ( t=56.65, 13.39, P<0.05) and TYR expression ( t=16.46, P<0.05) in HaCaT cells. Melatonin alleviated UVB-induced premature senescence ( t=7.139, P<0.05) and inhibited UVB-induced increase of p53 expression ( t=19.08, P<0.05) in HaCaT cells. In addition, ATM/ATR inhibitor, p53 inhibitor and melatonin all inhibited UVB-induced increase of melanin content in HaCaT cells. Conclusions:Melatonin inhibits TYR-mediated melanin synthesis by regulating p53-related premature senescence in HaCaT cells after UVB irradiation.