"Yang Wei Yin Xian" originates from "Jin Kui Yao Lue". It denotes the slight pulse at the cun pulse and the yin pulse in the yang position, which indicates a deficiency of yang qi in the upper focus. The ulnar vein is a cord, and the yin position corresponds to the yin vein, which is excessive yin pathogen in the lower jiao. Lung cancer complicated with sepsis is common in clinical practice; it is characterized by a high mortality rate and poor conventional treatment outcomes. This article discusses "Yang Wei Yin Xian" and its relationship with lung cancer complicated by sepsis, evaluates the selection of TCM prescriptions and efficacy mechanisms of "Yang Wei Yin Xian" theory, and provides a reference for the use of this theory to guide clinical treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of ferroptosis mediated by long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 （ACSL4） signalling pathway in rats with coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome and the intervention effect of Xuefu Zhuyutang. MethodsSPF male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group， sham-operation group， model group， trimetazidine group （5.4 mg·kg^-1）， low-， medium-， and high-dose group （3.51， 7.02，14.04 g·kg^-1） of Xuefu Zhuyutang. The coronary artery left anterior descending ligation method was used to prepare a model of coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome， and continuous treatment for 7 d was conducted， while the sham-operation group was only threaded and not ligated. The general macroscopic symptoms of the rats were observed， and indicators such as electrocardiogram， echocardiography， and blood rheology were detected. The pathological morphology of myocardial tissue was observed by hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， and the changes in mitochondria in myocardial tissue were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The level of iron deposition in myocardial tissue was observed by Prussian blue staining. The levels of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid （12-HETE） and 15-HETE were detected in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A biochemical colourimetric assay was used to detect the levels of Fe²⁺， lipid peroxidation （LPO）， glutathione （GSH）， and T-GSH/glutathione disulfide （GSSG） in myocardial tissue. DCFH-DA fluorescence quantitative assay was employed to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS）. Western blot and Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was adopted to detect the protein and mRNA expressions of glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4）， ferritin heavy chain 1 （FTH1）， ACSL4， and ly-sophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase3 （LPCAT3） in myocardial tissue. ResultsCompared with those in the normal group， the rats in the model group were poor in general macroscopic symptoms. The electrocardiogram showed widened QRS wave amplitude and increased voltage， bow-back elevation of the ST segments， elevated T waves， J-point elevation， and accelerated heart rate. Echocardiography showed a significant reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF） and left ventricular fraction shortening （LVFS） （P<0.01）. Blood rheology showed that the viscosity of the whole blood （low， medium， and high rate of shear） was significantly increased （P<0.01）. HE staining showed an abnormal structure of myocardial tissue. There was a large area of myocardial necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration and a large number of connective tissue between myocardial fibers. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the mitochondria were severely atrophy or swelling. The cristae were reduced or even broken， and the matrix was flocculent or even vacuolated. Prussian blue staining showed that there were a large number of iron-containing particles， and the iron deposition was obvious. The content of 12-HETE and 15-HETE in the serum was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The content of Fe²⁺， LPO， and ROS in myocardial tissue was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The content of GSH was significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and T-GSH/GSSG was decreased （P<0.01）. The protein and mRNA expressions of GPX4 and FTH1 in myocardial tissue were both significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）， while those of ACSL4 and LPCAT3 increased significantly （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the general macroscopic symptoms and electrocardiogram results of rats in low-， medium- and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang were alleviated， and the differences in LVEF/LVFS ratios were all significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The differences in whole-blood viscosity （low， medium， and high rate of shear） were all significantly decreased （P<0.01）. The results of HE staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that the morphology， structure， and mitochondria of cardiomyocytes were improved. The content of 12-HETE and 15-HETE in serum was reduced to different degrees in low-， medium-， and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The content of Fe²⁺， LPO， and ROS was significantly reduced in the medium- and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the content of GSH and T-GSH/GSSG was significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The protein and mRNA expressions of GPX4 and FTH1 were significantly increased to varying degrees in the medium- and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and ACSL4 and LPCAT3 were decreased to different degrees in the low-， medium-， and high-dose groups of Xuefu Zhuyutang （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionXuefu Zhuyutang can regulate iron metabolism and anti-lipid oxidation reaction to mediate ferroptosis through the ACSL4 signalling pathway， thus exerting a protective effect on rats with coronary heart disease with blood stasis syndrome.

This review summarizes the concept and prescription classification of high-intensity interval training, its current application in cardiac rehabilitation, its effects on cardiac rehabilitation, and its feasibility. The goal is to provide a reference for the application and promotion of HIIT intervention in elderly patients with coronary heart disease in China.

Objective To develop the Ego Depletion Scale for Type 2 Diabetes Patients and evaluate its reliability and validity,and to provide a specific assessment tool for evaluating ego-depletion in self-management.Methods Guided by the self-control strength model,the initial scale was constructed through literature review,semi-structured interviews,2 rounds of expert consultation,and a pilot survey.A convenience sampling method was employed to recruit 460 patients with Type 2 Diabetes from the endocrinology department of a tertiary hospital in Wuhan,Hubei Province,between April and July 2024.They were randomly divided into 2 subsets for exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.Results A total of 451 valid questionnaires were collected.Exploratory factor analysis extracted 6 common factors,with a cumulative variance contribution of 73.231％.In confirmatory factor analysis,an item was deleted due to failing to meet the standardized loading value criterion.The revised Ego Depletion Scale for Type 2 Diabetes Patients comprised 6 dimensions and 22 items.The total Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.911;split-half reliability was 0.744;the content validity index was 0.860.Correlation coefficients between the total score and scores of each dimension of the scale and the total score of the Self-Regulatory Fatigue Scale ranged from 0.558 to 0.946(P＜0.001).Conclusion The scale exhibits robust reliability and validity,serving as a scientifically instrument for assessing ego depletion in patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP) and the situation of home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) among hypertension patients in rural areas of Shanghai Municipality, so as to provide a basis for enhancing blood pressure management in this population. Methods: From June to October 2021, hypertension patients under management in Luodian Town and Luojing Town of rural areas of Shanghai Municipality were selected as survey subjects using a multistage random sampling method. Demographic information, KAP related to hypertension, and HBPM status were collected through questionnaire surveys. Patients were categorized into short disease duration (≤5 years), medium disease duration (6-10 years), and long disease duration (≥11 years) groups. KAP and HBPM status across different disease duration groups were analyzed statistically. Results: A total of 2 894 hypertensive patients were surveyed, including 1 317 (45.51%) males and 1 577 (54.49%) females. The median age was 69.00 (interquartile range, 10.00) years. There were 610 cases with short disease duration, accounting for 21.08%; 629 cases with medium duration, accounting for 21.73%; and 1 655 cases with long duration, accounting for 57.19%. The awareness of "hypertension control measures" was relatively high (97.89%), while awareness of "hypertension complications" was relatively low (71.70%). The adherence rate of "not perceiving difficulty in remembering to take medication on time and in correct doses" was relatively low (78.89%), and the proportion of participants who "walked ≥10 minutes per session at least once in the past 7 days" was relatively high (80.48%). A total of 1 209 cases (41.78%) engaged in HBPM, including 233 cases with short disease duration (19.27%), 252 cases with medium disease duration (20.84%), and 724 cases with long disease duration (59.88%). Compared with long disease duration hypertension patients, those with short disease duration had a alower awareness of "principles of pharmacological treatment for hypertension", a lower adherence rate of "medication should not be stopped after blood pressure control", and a lower proportion of providing their blood pressure measurement results to doctors (all P<0.017). However, they had higher proportions of alcohol consumption and daily salt intake >6 g/d (both P<0.017). Conclusions Short disease duration hypertension patients exhibit poorer performance in hypertension-related KAP and HBPM compared to long disease duration patients in rural areas of Shanghai Municipality. It is recommended to implement tailored health education based on disease duration, promote HBPM, and enhance blood pressure control rate.

Dampness-heat syndrome of the spleen and stomach refers to the evil dampness-heat invading the spleen and stomach,the abnormal rise and fall of the middle jiaoqi machinery,dampness-heat depression and steaming,the physiological dysfunction of the spleen and stomach,with abdominal distention and distention,nausea and lethargy of the limbs,poor loose stool,red tongue and yellow greasy fur,and slippery pulse as the main symptoms of the syndrome,most common in digestive system diseases,among which chronic gastritis is the first.This paper summarized the research results in the past decade and related fields.In the mode of combination of disease and syndrome,based on the principle of corresponding prescription and syndrome,combined with the etiology and pathogenesis evolution of spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome,the biological connotation of spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome was explained from various aspects such as inflammation and immune disorders,gastrointestinal motivity disorders,water and humidity loss,endoplasmic reticulum function,and micro-ecological disorders.Enrich the research of the essence of syndrome.

Objective:To explore the structural relationship between WMSDs in the upper limbs and various risk factors in the occupational population in China, based on a large sample epidemiological survey and structural equation analysis, and to establish a structural equation model, so as to lay a foundation for the prevention and control of such diseases.Methods:The Chinese version of the Musculoskeletal Disorders Electronic Questionnaire was used to conduct a nationwide survey on the prevalence of WMSDs in the upper extremity. Six factors related to WMSDs in the upper extremity were extracted by the classification standard of adverse ergonomic factors and their source and confirmatory factor analysis, including work organization, work type, upper extremity work posture, individual factors, upper extremity fatigue and upper extremity WMSDs. The structural equation analysis was carried out and the structural equation model was established.Results:The incidence of WMSDs and fatigue in the upper limbs was 24.44% and 43.76%, respectively. The adjusted structural equation model fitting indicators were generally up to the standard (GFI=1.000, AGFI=1.000, RMSEA=0.043, NFI=0.808, TLI=0.784) . The four exogenous latent variables of work organization, work type, upper limb work posture and individual factors were correlated. There was a strong positive correlation between job type and upper limb work posture ( r=0.865) , a moderate positive correlation between work organization and job type and upper limb work posture ( r=0.570, 0.490) , and a weak negative correlation between individual factors and the other three exogenous latent variables. Upper limb work posture and individual factors had direct effects on upper limb WMSDs, and the effect coefficients were 0.10 and 0.06, respectively. Upper limb fatigue played a mediating role between work organization, work type, upper limb work posture and upper limb WMSDs. The effect coefficient was 0.46, and the composition ratios of indirect effects were 100.0%, 100.0%, and 38.3%, respectively. The direct path effect of upper limb work posture, individual factors and upper limb WMSDs was weaker than the mediating path through upper limb fatigue. Conclusion:When carrying out the prevention and control of upper limbWMSDs, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the pathogenesis path of upper limb muscle fatigue and upper limb WMSDs caused by work organization, work type, and upper limb work posture, so as to provide theoretical reference for improving the prevention and control level of such diseases.

The paper reports a 32-year-old female acute myeloid leukemia patient who developed graft-versus-host disease after paternal hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which subsequently led to renal thrombotic microangiopathy. She subsequently required a kidney transplant from the same donor 5 years later due to renal failure. Considering that both the bone marrow and kidney were from the same donor and the recovery of renal function was favorable, immunosuppressive therapy was discontinued after a short course of anti-rejection treatment, with maintained stable kidney function. This case suggests that under the condition of high chimerism, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and kidney transplantation from the same donor can achieve immune tolerance, potentially improving solid organ transplantation success rate. The findings provide a novel therapeutic approach for solid organ transplantation following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

As an important part of TCM diagnosis,eye diagnosis is of great significance and value in identifying the symptoms of diseases and predicting the regression of diseases.With the progress of science and technology,the research on"syndrome differentiation by observing the eyes"is gradually converging towards digitalization,standardization and objectification.Based on the theoretical foundation of"syndrome differentiation by observing the eyes",this article reviewed the modern clinical applications of objectifying eye diagnosis from aspects such as observing the scleral vessels,observing fundus signs,and observing eye movement information,and found that modern technological means such as eye diagnostic instrument,eye movement instrument and artificial intelligence algorithms have provided accurate and objective diagnostic bases for TCM syndrome differentiation by observing the eyes to identify the syndrome and have greatly promoted the development of the objectification of eye diagnosis.However,the objective application of eye diagnosis still faces challenges related to technology,data and standardization,calling for further in-depth research and the establishment of unified standards.Exploring the current research status and strategies can provide theoretical references for the objectification of TCM eye diagnosis and the improvement of clinical visual diagnosis accuracy.

BACKGROUND:Knee finite element modelling can provide insight into knee mechanics,but its complex image segmentation is more difficult for researchers.With the development of deep learning techniques,deep learning techniques have been widely used in knee joint finite element modelling.OBJECTIVE:To replace the manual segmentation step in finite element modelling of the knee joint by using 3D Swin UNETR in combination with a semi-automatic segmentation technique for statistical shape models.METHODS:Manual(artificial)knee joint finite element model was developed based on MR and semi-automatic knee joint finite element model was developed based on 3D Swin UNETR+statistical shape model segmentation.The same loads and boundary conditions were applied to both models.Validation was performed by calculating the Dice similarity coefficient,mean distance,and comparing the peak equivalent stresses,maximum principal stresses,and maximum shear stresses of the two models.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The Dice similarity coefficients of the manual and semi-automatic segmented femur and tibia were more than 98％,and the average distances were less than or equal to(0.35±0.08)mm.(2)With the longitudinal load of 750 N and 10 Nm internal overturning moment applied to the femur tip of both manual and semi-automatic finite element models,the peak equivalent stress,maximum principal stress,and maximum shear stresses of meniscus in manual finite element model were 14.12,18.54,and 7.35 MPa;peak equivalent force,maximum principal stress,and maximum shear stress of femoral cartilage were 2.22,2.15,and 1.18 MPa;peak equivalent force,maximum principal stress,and maximum shear stress of tibial cartilage were 2.50,1.91,and 1.41 MPa;semi-automatic finite element model of meniscus:peak equivalent force,maximum principal stress,and maximum shear stress were 14.93,18.53,and 7.75 MPa.The peak equivalent force,maximum principal stress,and maximum shear stress of femoral cartilage were 2.26,2.18,and 1.20 MPa;the peak equivalent stress,maximum principal stress,and maximum shear stress of tibial cartilage were 2.60,1.91,and 1.46 MPa.The peak equivalent stress,maximum principal stress,and maximum shear stress of manual and semi-automatic finite element models were basically consistent,with no significant difference(P＞0.05).(3)The semi-automatic segmentation technique proposed in this study can replace manual segmentation in creating accurate finite element models of the knee joint.