ObjectiveTo investigate the trend and influencing factors of newly reported human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity rate among men who had sex with men (MSM) in Shanghai from 2021 to 2024, and to provide evidence for formulating scientific prevention and control measures of AIDS. MethodsMultiple rounds of cross-sectional questionnaire surveys were conducted among MSM by Shanghai Qing’ai Health Promotion Center. Pearson and Cochran-Armitage trend χ² tests were used to analyze the differences and changes in population characteristics and newly reported HIV positivity rates. A logistic regression model was applied for multivariate analyses of factors associated with newly reported HIV positivity. ResultsA total of 1 653 MSM who had not been previously diagnosed with HIV infection were surveyed. The newly reported HIV positivity rates in 2021, 2023, and 2024 were 7.87%, 3.91%, and 3.06%, respectively, showing a decreasing trend (χ²_trend=13.460, P_trend<0.001). Multivariate analyses revealed that MSM aged 18‒<25 years, residing locally for <1 year, identifying as bisexual, lacking HIV knowledge, and having ≥10 same-sex partners in the past 6 months exhibited higher newly reported HIV positivity rates. Conversely, MSM knowledgeable about HIV prevention, residing locally for 1‒5 years, and engaging in oral sex with male partners in the past 6 months demonstrated lower HIV positivity rates. Annual analyses revealed that MSM with HIV knowledge had lower newly reported HIV positivity rates in 2023 and 2024 (aOR=0.300, 95%CI: 0.811‒0.111; aOR=0.202, 95%CI: 0.085‒0.483). ConclusionThe newly reported HIV positivity rate among MSM in Shanghai from 2021 to 2024 showed a decline. Future interventions should focus on young and mobile MSM, strengthen HIV knowledge education through platforms such as the internet, promote safe sexual behaviors and regular testing, and further expand the coverage of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to control HIV transmission within this population.

Objective:To explore the causal association between insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)and colorectal cancer(CRC)based on two sample Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis.Methods:A bidirectional two sample MR analysis was conducted based on publicly aggregated data from the IEU OpenGWAS project.The inverse variance weighted(IVW)method was used as the main analysis model to assess the causal relationship between IGF-1 and CRC.Additional analyses were performed using weighted median(WM),MR-Egger regression,weighted mode estimator(WME),and simple mode(SM)methods.Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of the results.Results:A total of 386 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were selected as instrumental variables(IVs)with IGF-1 as the exposure factor.The MR analysis results revealed a positive causal association between IGF-1 and the risk of CRC[odds ratio(OR)=1.178,95％confidence interval(CI):1.092-1.272)](P＜0.001),and the association remained significant after adjusting for height[OR(95％CI)=1.214(1.111,1.327)](P＜0.001).Cochran's Q-test showed heterogeneity among the IVs(P＜0.05),while the horizontal pleiotropy of IV was not detected by the MR-Egger regression(P＞0.05).The leave-one-out analysis showed that the MR results were robust.Reverse MR analysis indicated no reverse causal relationship between IGF-1 and CRC[OR(95％CI):1.017(0.997,1.037)](P=0.103).Conclusion:There is a causal relationship between IGF-1 level and CRC,and elevated IGF-1 level could be a risk factor for CRC.

Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral/isolation & purification* ; B-Lymphocytes/virology* ; COVID-19/virology* ; Humans ; Immunity/genetics* ; RNA, Viral/immunology* ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity* ; Single-Cell Analysis

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in China. The results from a randomized controlled trial using annual low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in specific high-risk groups demonstrated a 20% reduction in lung cancer mortality. The aim of tihs study is to establish the China National lung cancer screening guidelines for clinical practice. METHODS: The China lung cancer early detection and treatment expert group (CLCEDTEG) established the China National Lung Cancer Screening Guideline with multidisciplinary representation including 4 thoracic surgeons, 4 thoracic radiologists, 2 medical oncologists, 2 pulmonologists, 2 pathologist, and 2 epidemiologist. Members have engaged in interdisciplinary collaborations regarding lung cancer screening and clinical care of patients with at risk for lung cancer. The expert group reviewed the literature, including screening trials in the United States and Europe and China, and discussed local best clinical practices in the China. A consensus-based guidelines, China National Lung Cancer Screening Guideline (CNLCSG), was recommended by CLCEDTEG appointed by the National Health and Family Planning Commission, based on results of the National Lung Screening Trial, systematic review of evidence related to LDCT screening, and protocol of lung cancer screening program conducted in rural China. RESULTS: Annual lung cancer screening with LDCT is recommended for high risk individuals aged 50-74 years who have at least a 20 pack-year smoking history and who currently smoke or have quit within the past five years. Individualized decision making should be conducted before LDCT screening. LDCT screening also represents an opportunity to educate patients as to the health risks of smoking; thus, education should be integrated into the screening process in order to assist smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS A lung cancer screening guideline is recommended for the high-risk population in China. Additional research , including LDCT combined with biomarkers, is needed to optimize the approach to low-dose CT screening in the future.
Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Patient Selection ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Radiation Dosage ; Risk ; Rural Population ; statistics & numerical data ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

Objective To design a civilian-military remote medical consultation system to realize the networking between military and civilian hospitals.Methods Based on the remote consultation platforms of the PLA and Xinjiang Medical University the system was developed with B/S architecture,Java and C ++.Results The system realized the networking between civilian and military hospitals,which facilitated the outpatient diagnosis,hospitalization,operation planning,postoperative nursing,health education and etc.Conclusion The system enhances medical services and advances medical sources to flow to the elementary facilities,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

Objective:Through the analysis of the influence indicators of average hospitalization and comparison of differences of these indicators among different clinical departments in a hospital, to evaluate the medical quality and management level of the hospital and provide scientific reference for improving the hospital management efficiency and benefits.Methods:Gender, age and the type of medical insurance were analyzed using the chi square test. The length of hospital stay through 2009 to 2013 were analyzed using F test for patients of different insurance type and using t test for patients from different departments. All tests were completed using SPSS18.0.Results: The average hospital stay was decreasing year by year. Compared with the overall average length of stay, the patients who pay free were stay longer in hospital except for a small number of departments of internal medicine. Besides, the severe cases also prolonged the average length of stay in hospital.Conclusion: To effectively control the average length of stay, the Physicians Examination in Three Levels should be strictly implemented and the information management system should be used scientifically. Reasonable measures should be taken to solve the existing problems.

Objective To investigate the relationship between HGF/c-Met and biological behavior and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.Methods The expression of HGF.c-Met.microvessel density and microlymphatic densitv in 58 cases of gastric carcinoma and 27 cases of gastric ulcer were evaluated by immunohistochemistry，using monoclonal antibodies for HGF，c-Met，CD34 and Lyve-1 respectively.Results HGF and c-Met protein were overexpressed in gastric carcinoma，and were significantly higher than those in the mucosa of gastric ulcer(P＜0.01).The microvessel density and microlymphatic density of gastric carcinoma were significantlv different between those with and those without lymphatic metastasis and distant metastasis(all P＜0.05)：The positive expression of HGF and c-Met in those with lymph node metastasis(86％，80％)was significantly higher than those without lymph node metastasis(57％，36％)，P＜0.05.That with distant metastasis(100％.94％)was higher than that without(71％，60％)，P＜0.01.The 5 year survival rate in patients with positive HGF and c-Met expression was much lower than that with negative expression(P=0.019，P＜0.01)，Multivariate analysis indicated HGF and c-Met expression，depth of invasion.lymph node metastasis.distant metastasis，microvessel density and microlymphatic density were all independent prognostic factors of gastric carcinoma.ConclusionsExpression of HGF and c-Met closely correlated with carcinogenesis，development and prognosis of gastric carcinoma.