In recent years, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a huge impact on the global medical, political and economic fields. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 epidemic, our understanding of the impact of COVID-19 has grown exponentially. Recently, the COVID-19 epidemic has changed rapidly in China, and there has been controversy over how to carry out surgical operations for patients with lung neoplastic lesions. Some studies have shown that lung cancer patients undergoing surgery are more likely to experience respiratory failure and perioperative death after contracting COVID-19 than the general population, however, delays in cancer treatment are also associated with increased mortality among these patients. In particular, the novel coronavirus Omikron variant has a higher transmissibility and may escape the immunity obtained through the previous novel coronavirus infection and vaccination. In order to minimize the risk of novel coronavirus infection in surgical patients, it is necessary to develop new treatment guidelines, expert consensus and preventive measures. However, the current rapid change of the epidemic situation has led to insufficient time and evidence to develop guidelines and consensus. Therefore, thoracic surgeons need to evaluate specific patient populations at higher risk of severe complications before surgery and weigh the benefit of surgical treatment against the risk of novel coronavirus infection. We try to give some recommendations on lung surgery during the current domestic epidemic situation based on the guidelines and consensus of oncology and thoracic surgery organizations in different regions on lung surgery.
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Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/complications* ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Multiple Pulmonary Nodules ; Pandemics/prevention & control* ; Lung

BACKGROUND: The incidence and mortality of lung cancer often rank first in all malignant tumors. DNA methylation, as one of epigenetics, often participates in the development and progression of tumors. CDO1 as a tumor suppressor gene always undergoes methylation changes early in tumor development. Therefore, this study aims to discuss the value of CDO1 methylation in the early diagnosis of lung cancer. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from tumor patients and healthy people. Detection of the methylation level of CDO1 in plasma by sulfite modification and quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: The level of gene methylation in peripheral blood of lung cancer patients was significantly higher than that of benign lung disease patients and healthy people. The methylation level of CDO1 was significantly different in the stratified comparison of gender, lymph node metastasis and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage (P<0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of CDO1 were 52.2% and 78.6%, respectively. The overall accuracy of the diagnosis was significantly higher than that of the clinical tumor markers, and the sensitivity of CDO1 to stage I and II patients was the highest (40.8%, 47.1%). In addition, CDO1 could effectively increase the sensitivity of diagnosis in multiple joint examinations. CONCLUSIONS Detecting the methylation level of CDO1 has a potentially huge advantage for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.

Epigenetic modification is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. It mainly regulates gene function and expression level through DNA methylation, histone modification, regulation of non-coding RNA and chromatin structure reconstruction. At present, epigenetic drugs have been gradually applied to the treatment of malignant tumors. Common drug types include: DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors. However, these drugs still have many shortcomings and a wide range of clinical applications need further research. Encouragingly, the epigenetic drugs in combination with various anti-tumor drugs have shown great application potential. In this paper, we summarized the development mechanism of epigenetics in malignant tumors and the progress of related drugs.

To explore the clinical characteristics, imaging manifestation, diagnosis and treatment for histoplasmosis and to improve therapeutic level, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 8 patients with biopsy-confirmed histoplasmosis from 2004 to 2014 in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University and reviewed relevant literatures. The main clinical symptoms of histoplasmosis included fever, cough, expectoration, chest pain, blood-stained sputum, lymphadenectasis, etc. The major lung imaging features were mass, node or pneumonia-like performance. No case was diagnosed as histoplasimosis firstly. Four patients whose imaging manifestations were focal pulmonary lesion received lobectomy of lung lesions or wedge resection. Clinical and imaging manifestations in 3 patients, who treated with amphotericin B or its liposomal, itraconazole or fluconazole, were improved. The clinical symptoms and imaging findings of histoplasmosis are nonspecific. It is easy for the physicians to misdiagnose histoplasmosis as bacterial infection, lung cancer, tuberculosis lymphoma, etc. Therefore, it is significant and necessary to carry out multiple biopsies combined with multiple etiological examinations for patients with difficult diagnosis.
Amphotericin B ; Biopsy ; Diagnostic Errors ; Histoplasmosis ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Neoplasms ; Pneumonia ; Retrospective Studies ; Sputum

Objective To assess the effectiveness of western routine treatments combined with Tongxinluo capsule for angina pectoris .Methods The randomized controlled trials(RCTs ) of western routine treatments combined with tongxinluo capsule for angina pectoris were collected through searching on computer from the following databases ,CNKI (2000 -2011 ) ,WanFang Data (2000 -2011) ,WeiPu Data(2000-2011) ,PubMed(2000-2011) and manual search relevant journals ,conference papers .Results A total of 11 studies were included and improvement rate of abnormal ECG were estimated in 9 studies and improvement rate of symptoms of angina were estimated in 11 studies .ECG clinical evaluation of the treatment group relative to the control group ,relative risk (RR) value was 1 .40 (95% CI:1 .28‐1 .54) ,P<0 .01 ,symptoms of angina clinical evaluation ,treatment group relative to the control group RR value of 1.25 (95% CI:1 .18‐1 .32) ,P<0 .01 .Only slight gastrointestinal discomfort were found in treatment group .Conclusion Tongxinluo capsule in combination on the basis of conventional western treatment could effectively improve the clinical efficacy and drug safety .

Objective: To discuss the pharmaceutical care experience of clinical pharmacists in the antibacterial agents application in one patient with infection after coronary artery bypass graft ( CABG) . Methods:The clinical pharmacist participated in the treatment of the patient after CABG. According to the relevant laboratory indices and the extent of the infection combined with the vital signs of the patient, the pharmacist formulated and adjusted the anti-infection therapeutic regimen. The therapeutic effects and adverse reactions were observed as well. Results: Safte and high-quality individualized pharmaceutical service was provided to the patient by the pharmaceutical care of the clinical pharmacist in anti-infection treatment. Conclusion:Through the above practice, clinical pharmacists have played a positive role in reasonable using of anti-infective drugs in patients with cardiac surgery.

Objective To understand the chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic-pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and related factors that affect the occurrence in pilots and to discuss the effective preventive measures.Methods An epidemiological survey of CP/CPPS was sent to 384 pilots.The questionnaire involved the concerns of age,sexual activity frequency,smoking,drinking,diet,holding back,and aircraft type,flying hours,the frequency of night flight and other related information,as well as the symptoms that referred to National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH CPSI) score sheet.The CP/CPPS was diagnosed upon the reading of the questionnaire and the patients were classified depending on the examination of prostate fluid and "twocup" urinalysis.The pilots with CP/CPPS were divided into 2 groups by flying hours:＜ 1 500 h and ≥1 500 h.Results Thirty eight out of 384 pilots were diagnosed as CP/CPPS (NIH-CPSI≥ 10).The cases of inflammatory (type Ⅲ] A) and noninflammatory (type Ⅲ] B) were 22 (57.9%) and 16 (42.1％) respectively.Three out of 8 possible risk factors were screened out with significance:urine holding back,spicy diet and excessive abstinence (OR＝ 4.828,3.232,0.495,P＜0.05).Conclusions Spicy diet,having a full bladder habit and excessive abstinence are the risk factors contributed to CP/CPPS.Longer flying time makes the symptoms worse.In addition to drug therapy,directing to healthy habits can help pilots' recovery.

Objective To understand the chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic-pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and related factors that affect the occurrence in pilots and to discuss the effective preventive measures.Methods An epidemiological survey of CP/CPPS was sent to 384 pilots.The questionnaire involved the concerns of age,sexual activity frequency,smoking,drinking,diet,holding back,and aircraft type,flying hours,the frequency of night flight and other related information,as well as the symptoms that referred to National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH CPSI) score sheet.The CP/CPPS was diagnosed upon the reading of the questionnaire and the patients were classified depending on the examination of prostate fluid and "twocup" urinalysis.The pilots with CP/CPPS were divided into 2 groups by flying hours:＜ 1 500 h and ≥1 500 h.Results Thirty eight out of 384 pilots were diagnosed as CP/CPPS (NIH-CPSI≥ 10).The cases of inflammatory (type Ⅲ] A) and noninflammatory (type Ⅲ] B) were 22 (57.9%) and 16 (42.1％) respectively.Three out of 8 possible risk factors were screened out with significance:urine holding back,spicy diet and excessive abstinence (OR＝ 4.828,3.232,0.495,P＜0.05).Conclusions Spicy diet,having a full bladder habit and excessive abstinence are the risk factors contributed to CP/CPPS.Longer flying time makes the symptoms worse.In addition to drug therapy,directing to healthy habits can help pilots' recovery.

cerebral small vessel disease refers to the small vessel lesion and the resulting changes in the cerebral tissue.Both the small vessels detected by cerebrovascular reserve and the lesion of cerebral small vessel disease are in the same segment,so we can take advantage of cerebrovascular reserve as means to inspect and evaluate the small vessel lesion itself.