Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To compare the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic hepatectomy (LH) versus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods:The medical literatures on LH and RFA for HCC were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, VIP, Wanfang, CNKI and other electronic databases. The retrieval date was from database construction to June 7, 2021. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, studies were extracted by two authors, and Revman 5.3 software was used to conduct a meta-analysis to compare differences in operation time, blood loss, length of hospital stay, total complications, overall survival and disease-free survival outcomes between the LH group and the RFA group.Results:Of 3 690 patients who were included in 32 studies, there were 1 708 patients in the LH group and 1982 patients in the RFA group. Meta-analysis showed that compared with the LH group, the RFA group had significantly shorter surgical duration ( MD=-86.41, 95% CI: -116.21--56.60), less blood loss ( MD=-213.22, 95% CI: -273.43--153.00), shorter hospital stay ( MD=-3.23, 95% CI: -4.13--2.32), and lower incidence of complications ( OR=0.33, 95% CI: 0.26-0.43). However, local recurrence rate was significantly higher ( OR=1.83, 95% CI: 1.38-2.41). (All P<0.05). The 5-year survival rate of the LH group was significantly better than the RFA group ( OR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.51-0.90, P=0.008). Conclusion:LH provided better overall survival outcomes and lower local recurrence rates than RFA in HCC patients.

Objective:To explore the urodynamic characteristics of bladder function in patients with abnormal urination after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer.Methods:In a prospective self-controlled study, a total of 84 patients with cervical cancer and clinical stage of ⅠB to ⅡA, meeting the preoperative inclusion criteria in our hospital from January 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled.All patients were tested for urodynamic testing 1 week before and 6 months after surgery.Patient bladder function status was observed and evaluated before and after surgery and urodynamic examination results were analyzed.Results:Of 84 study cases, the 58 patients developed abnormal urination after radical surgery, there were no urination abnormalities in 26 cases.There was no significant difference in age, clinical stage and pathological diagnosis between patients with and without urination abnormalities.Abnormal urination after radical surgery included difficulty in urinating(55%), frequent urination with a feeling of urination not complete(34%), stress urinary incontinence(7%), and urinary incontinence(4%). Among the 26 patients without urination abnormalities after radical surgery, only one case showed an abnormal urodynamic examination(abnormal bladder sensation). In patients without abnormal urination after surgery, differences in the urodynamic examination findings between pre-and post-surgery were not statistically significant(all P> 0.05). At the same time, in all cases of abnormal urination after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer, 43 patients(74%)with bladder dysfunction had normal urination pattern before operation, but after operation, the urination abnormality required abdominal pressure.Of the patients with bladder dysfunction after surgery, the maximum flow rate(Qmax)was(12.9±10.3)ml/s, the average flow rate(Qave)was(6.0±4.2)ml/s, the voided volume was(148.0±36.8)ml, voiding time was(32.9±22.1)s, maximum flow time was(11.4±5.0)s, postvoid residual urine was(260.2±219.2)ml, maximal detrusor pressure was(12.1±8.9)cmH 2O, bladder compliance was(16.1±4.3)ml/cmH 2O, normal desire to void was(354.5±204.3)ml, maximal capacity was(587.4±152.5)ml, maximum urethral pressure was(97.6±33.1)cmH 2O, maximum urethral closure pressure was(89.9±36.4)cmH 2O, and function urethral length was(29.6±6.5)mm; In comparison, the above indexes-corresponding values at 1 week before surgery were respectively as follows: the Qmax was(25.1±11.4)ml/s, the Qave was(11.4±6.6)ml/s, the voided volume was(318.6±96.4)ml, voiding time was(29.2±18.5)s, maximum flow time was(6.7±3.9)s, postvoid residual urine was(29.9±21.5)ml, maximal detrusor pressure was(31.9±21.4)cmH 2O, bladder compliance was(78.1±33.9)ml/cmH 2O, normal desire to void was(258.2±185.5)ml, maximal capacity was(335.1±124.9)ml, maximum urethral pressure was(96.4±33.9)cm H 2O, maximum urethral closure pressure was(88.5±35.2)cmH 2O, and function urethral length was(37.2±7.2)mm.It can be seen that Qmax, Qave, voided volume, maximum detrusor pressure, bladder compliance, and functional urethral length in patients with abnormal urination are significantly lower after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer than before the surgery.While, normal desire to void, maximum capacity, maximum flow time, and postvoid residual urine volume were higher after radical hysterectomy than before surgery( P<0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference in voiding time, maximum urethral pressure and maximum urethral closure pressure between pre-and post-operation.Besides, it is worth noting that there was no significant difference in preoperative urodynamic test results between patients without abnormal urination versus patients with abnormal urination( P>0.05), and the difference in urodynamic test results between the two groups is statistically significant( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in abnormal urination and in urodynamic test results between different clinical stages and between different pathological types( P>0.05). Conclusions:The characteristics of urinary dynamics in patients with abnormal urination after radical hysterectomy of cervical cancer are mainly manifested as decreased bladder sensory function and abnormal detrusor function.And the urodynamic test can provide objective clinical indicators for early diagnosis.

【Objective】 To compare the anesthestic effects of ultrasound-guided retrolaminal block （RLB） and local anesthesia during posterior approach vertebral surgery. 【Methods】 Forty patients （ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ） scheduled for transforaminal lumbar spine endoscopic surgery were recruited and randomly divided into two groups （n=20）： RLB group and local anesthesia group （Group C）. RLB group received the ultrasound-guided retrolaminar block using parasagittal in plane method by an anesthesiologist while Group C received layer-by-layer local infiltration anesthesia according to the operation location； 0.5% ropivacaine of 20 mL was used in the two groups. We recorded visual analogue score （VAS） and Ramsay sedation score at admission （T0）， during skin incision （T1）， puncture （T2）， foraminoplasty （T3）， nerve root decompression （T4） and suture （T5）. We also recorded remedial analgesia rate， scores of the patients’ satisfaction and the intraoperative occurrence of side effects （respiratory depression， tachycardia and hypertension）. The patients were followed up. Their functional status was assessed by the Oswestry Disability Index （ODI） score before surgery and three months after surgery. 【Results】 Compared with Group C， RLB group had significantly decreased visual analogue score at T2-4 and lower remedial analgesia rate （P<0.05）. The patients’ satisfaction was higher in group RLB than in Group C （P<0.05）. The intraoperative occurrence of hypertension and tachycardia were significantly lower in RLB group than in Group C （P<0.05）. ODI score was significantly decreased three months after surgery in both groups （P<0.05）， but it did not differ significantly between the two groups （P>0.05）. 【Conclusion】 Ultrasound-guided RLB can provide satisfactory analgesia with greater safety when trasforaminal endoscopic surgery is used.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), peripheral blood microRNA-126 (miR-126) and the number and distribution of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs).Methods:Consecutive patients with non-acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease admitted to the Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College from June 2019 to June 2020 were enrolled. The clinical data were collected, 3.0 T MRI examination was performed, and susceptibility-weighted imaging was used to detect CMBs. The serum VEGF concentration was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and miR-126 was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent influencing factors of CMBs. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between serum VEGF concentration, miR-126 in peripheral blood and the number of CBMs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive value of serum VEGF concentration and relative expression of miR-126 in peripheral blood for CMBs. Results:A total of 193 patients with non-acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease were enrolled, including 110 patients (57.0%) in the non-CMBs group, 20 (10.4%) in the strictly lobar CMBs group and 63 patients (32.6%) in non-strictly lobar CMBs group. The comparison among the three groups showed that age might be a risk factor for strictly lobar CMBs, while higher VEGF, higher cystatin C level, lower relative expression of miR-126 in peripheral blood, hypertension and previous stroke or transient ischemic attack might be the risk factors for non-strictly lobar CMBs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher serum VEGF concentration was an independent risk factor for non-strictly lobar CMBs (odds ratio 1.186, 95% confidence interval 1.035-1.358; P=0.014), while the higher relative expression of miR-126 was an independent protective factor for non-strictly lobar CMBs (odds ratio 0.154, 95% confidence interval 0-0.269; P=0.026). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that higher serum VEGF concentration ( r=0.848, P<0.001) and the lower relative expression of miR-126 ( r=-0.043, P=0.035) significantly increased the number of CMBs. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of serum VEGF for predicting non-strictly lobar CMBs was 0.803 (95% confidence interval 0.741-0.865), the optimal cut-off value was 120.55 ng/L, the sensitivity was 70.7%, and the specificity was 75.5%. Conclusions:In patients with non-acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease, there is a significant correlation between serum VEGF concentration and the relative expression of miR-126 in peripheral blood and the number and distribution of CMBs. Serum VEGF can be used as a biomarker for predicting the presence of non-strictly lobar CMBs.

Objective To investigate clinical outcomes of laparoendoscopic single-site ovarian cystectomy compared with traditional multi-port laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy. Methods Data of 81 patients with ovarian cystectomy from January 2016 to May 2017, the single-site group (n=40) and the multi-port group (n=41) in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively collected. The outcomes of single-site and multi-port groups were analyzed and compared, including: postoperative fever, operation time, blood loss, hemoglobin change, surgical complications, postoperative pain score, postoperative analgesic requirements, body image scale and cosmetic score, length of hospital stay, postoperative total cost. Results No complication was found in two groups. No difference was found in postoperative fever, blood loss, hemoglobin change, postoperative pain score, length of hospital stay, and total cost between the two groups(all P>0.05).Operation time was(50±20)minutes in single-site group,and (40 ± 15) minutes in multi-port group; postoperative analgesic requirements was 28%(11/40) in single-site group,and 7%(4/41)in multi-port group;cosmetic score was 22.6±2.6 in single-site group,and 17.3±2.6 in multi-port group;body image scale was 5.7±1.2 in single-site group,and 6.2±1.2 in multi-port group;these four clinical parameters were statistical differences(all P<0.05).Conculsion Laparoendoscopic single-site ovarian cystectomy is feasible and safe,although it could′t relieve the postoperative pian,it do offer a higher cosmetic satisfaction.

Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Adolescent ; Child ; Drinking Water ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mineral Waters ; Minerals ; Schools ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Water Supply

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of nasopharyngeal teratomas (NPT), improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. METHOD: We reported a 14 years old girl with NPT, and reviewed the literatures. RESULT: NPT was transorally expected under nasal endoscope, no recurrence was found over a 5 year follow-up. CONCLUSION NPT is rare,the diagnosis of the disease relies on clinical manifestations, imaging and pathological examination. Transoral endoscopic surgery is an effective method of treatment.
Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; Teratoma

OBJECTIVEThrough the comparison of Xiaoyu ointment and xiaoyu plaster by in vitro transdermal demonstrate, to demonstrate the scientificity and feasibility of reformed formulation.

METHODThe improved Franz diffusion cells and in vitro rabbit skin were used in vitro penetration experiment with emodin as an indicator of penetration rate quantitated by HPLC.

RESULTThe cumulative penetration rate of emodin in Xiaoyu ointment fit the model of Weibull distribution, while the cumulative penetration rate of emodin in Xiaoyu plaster fit the model of Density equation. Take emodin as an index,the transdermal rate in Xiaoyu plaster was 1.93 times as Xiaoyu ointment, and the total penetrated amount was 2.84 times as Xiaoyu ointment. The results showed that the emodin of xiaoyu plaster reserved in the skin were 3.95 times more than the ointment.

CONCLUSIONThe penetration rate, total penetrated amount and the reserves in the skin of Xiaoyu plaster were better than the ointment, and the transdermal dosage form was better than the original form.