Objective:To gain a understanding of the occurrence of cognitive impairment among residents in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis (drinking water-borne fluorosis) areas, and to study its influencing factors.Methods:In March 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to select local residents aged 18 and above from the drinking water-borne fluorosis areas in Jishan County, Shanxi Province as survey subjects. General demographic data were collected through face-to-face surveys, and a random urine sample was collected once to determine urinary fluoride level. Cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and the survey subjects were divided into a cognitive impairment group ( < 27 points) and a control group (27 - 30 points) based on the MMSE scores. A multiple logistic regression model and a decision tree model based on chi-squared automatic interaction detector were constructed to analyze the factors affecting cognitive impairment, and the model fitting effect was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 3 301 subjects were included in the survey, including 2 081 females and 1 220 males. There were 1 515 subjects < 60 years old and 1 786 subjects ≥60 years old, with urinary fluoride level [ M ( Q1, Q3)] of 2.92 (1.78, 4.54) mg/L. There were 1 939 cases in the cognitive impairment group and 1 362 cases in the control group, with a detection rate of 58.74% (1 939/3 301) for cognitive impairment; and the differences in gender, age, education level, marital status, annual household income, alcohol consumption, smoking distribution, and urinary fluoride level between the two groups were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female, ≥60 years, and urinary fluoride > 4.54 mg/L were risk factors for cognitive impairment [ OR (95% CI): 1.25 (1.01, 1.54), 2.66 (2.26, 3.14), 1.32 (1.06, 1.65), P < 0.05]. Education level of primary school or above, annual household income≥12 000 yuan, and mild alcohol consumption were protective factors for cognitive impairment [ OR (95% CI): 0.15 (0.09, 0.25), 0.58 (0.48, 0.68), 0.67 (0.51, 0.87), P < 0.05]. The analysis results of the decision tree model showed that age had the greatest impact on the occurrence of cognitive impairment, followed by annual household income, education level, and urinary fluoride. The areas under the ROC curves of the multiple logistic regression and decision tree model were 0.72 and 0.70 ( P < 0.001), respectively, indicating good model fitting performance. Conclusion:The detection rate of cognitive impairment in residents of drinking water-borne fluorosis areas is relatively high, and age, annual household income, education level, and urinary fluoride are all influencing factors for occurrence of cognitive impairment.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective:To gain a understanding of the occurrence of cognitive impairment among residents in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis (drinking water-borne fluorosis) areas, and to study its influencing factors.Methods:In March 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to select local residents aged 18 and above from the drinking water-borne fluorosis areas in Jishan County, Shanxi Province as survey subjects. General demographic data were collected through face-to-face surveys, and a random urine sample was collected once to determine urinary fluoride level. Cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and the survey subjects were divided into a cognitive impairment group ( < 27 points) and a control group (27 - 30 points) based on the MMSE scores. A multiple logistic regression model and a decision tree model based on chi-squared automatic interaction detector were constructed to analyze the factors affecting cognitive impairment, and the model fitting effect was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:A total of 3 301 subjects were included in the survey, including 2 081 females and 1 220 males. There were 1 515 subjects < 60 years old and 1 786 subjects ≥60 years old, with urinary fluoride level [ M ( Q1, Q3)] of 2.92 (1.78, 4.54) mg/L. There were 1 939 cases in the cognitive impairment group and 1 362 cases in the control group, with a detection rate of 58.74% (1 939/3 301) for cognitive impairment; and the differences in gender, age, education level, marital status, annual household income, alcohol consumption, smoking distribution, and urinary fluoride level between the two groups were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that female, ≥60 years, and urinary fluoride > 4.54 mg/L were risk factors for cognitive impairment [ OR (95% CI): 1.25 (1.01, 1.54), 2.66 (2.26, 3.14), 1.32 (1.06, 1.65), P < 0.05]. Education level of primary school or above, annual household income≥12 000 yuan, and mild alcohol consumption were protective factors for cognitive impairment [ OR (95% CI): 0.15 (0.09, 0.25), 0.58 (0.48, 0.68), 0.67 (0.51, 0.87), P < 0.05]. The analysis results of the decision tree model showed that age had the greatest impact on the occurrence of cognitive impairment, followed by annual household income, education level, and urinary fluoride. The areas under the ROC curves of the multiple logistic regression and decision tree model were 0.72 and 0.70 ( P < 0.001), respectively, indicating good model fitting performance. Conclusion:The detection rate of cognitive impairment in residents of drinking water-borne fluorosis areas is relatively high, and age, annual household income, education level, and urinary fluoride are all influencing factors for occurrence of cognitive impairment.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of medical adhesive occlusion of needle passage for preventing bleeding after CT-guided liver puncture biopsy.Methods Fifty-three patients with liver lesions who underwent CT-guided liver puncture biopsy were retrospectively enrolled.Medical adhesive was used to block the needle passage after puncture sampling.The technical success rate of biopsy and occlusion,as well as the biopsy pathological diagnostic accuracy and incidence of complications were observed and recorded.Results CT-guided liver puncture biopsy were successfully performed in all 53 patients and satisfactory samples were obtained.The technical success rate of biopsy was 100％(53/53),and pathological diagnostic accuracy was 96.23％(51/53).After blocking puncture needle passage with medical adhesive,no obvious bleeding was found in 49 cases(49/53,92.45％),while a small amount of bleeding was noticed in 4 cases(4/53,7.55％)but without subsequent increase during 20-minute observation,and the success rate of occlusion was 100％(53/53).After CT-guided liver puncture biopsy,mild local pain occurred in 5 cases(5/53,9.43％),while slight displacement of the medical adhesive was observed in 12 cases(12/53,22.64％).No serious complications associated with puncture or medical adhesive occurred.Conclusion Medical adhesive occlusion of needle passage was effective and safe for preventing bleeding after CT-guided liver puncture biopsy.

This study systematically searches for academic papers related to metabolic and bariatric surgery between 2000 and 2023 through the Web of Science database, and uses biblio-metric methods and visualization techniques to deeply analyse research trends, leading researchers, research institutions, and hotspots in this field. Through analysis, it uncovers the research dynamics and cutting-edge advancements in metabolic and bariatric surgery. Additionally, the authors explore current research hotspots, challenges, and potential future research directions. This study not only provides valuable reference information for researchers in the field of metabolic and bariatric surgery, but also offers a scientific basis for clinical practice and policy making.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of medical adhesive occlusion of needle passage for preventing bleeding after CT-guided liver puncture biopsy.Methods Fifty-three patients with liver lesions who underwent CT-guided liver puncture biopsy were retrospectively enrolled.Medical adhesive was used to block the needle passage after puncture sampling.The technical success rate of biopsy and occlusion,as well as the biopsy pathological diagnostic accuracy and incidence of complications were observed and recorded.Results CT-guided liver puncture biopsy were successfully performed in all 53 patients and satisfactory samples were obtained.The technical success rate of biopsy was 100％(53/53),and pathological diagnostic accuracy was 96.23％(51/53).After blocking puncture needle passage with medical adhesive,no obvious bleeding was found in 49 cases(49/53,92.45％),while a small amount of bleeding was noticed in 4 cases(4/53,7.55％)but without subsequent increase during 20-minute observation,and the success rate of occlusion was 100％(53/53).After CT-guided liver puncture biopsy,mild local pain occurred in 5 cases(5/53,9.43％),while slight displacement of the medical adhesive was observed in 12 cases(12/53,22.64％).No serious complications associated with puncture or medical adhesive occurred.Conclusion Medical adhesive occlusion of needle passage was effective and safe for preventing bleeding after CT-guided liver puncture biopsy.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the parental acceptance of dental treatment under general anesthesia and deep sedation in children and assess the changes in postoperative oral health-related quality of life and treatment efficacy. METHODS: The parents of 131 children undergoing dental treatment in the Department of Stomatology of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from January, 2022 to June, 2022 were surveyed using a questionnaire of children's advanced oral behavior management, and 83 children receiving general anesthesia or deep sedation for dental treatment between January, 2018 and December, 2021 were also investigated for changes in quality of life after the treatment using a questionnaire. The treatment efficacy was assessed at the 1-year follow-up visit in 149 children who received dental treatment under general anesthesia or deep sedation during the same period. RESULTS: The survey of perantal acceptance showed that 62.6% of the parents preferred deep sedation, 29.01% preferred general anesthesia, and 8.4% preferred compulsory treatment. Dental treatments under general anesthesia and deep sedation both significantly improved oral health-related quality of life of the children. While dental surgeries under general anesthesia resulted in the most significant improvement of pain symptoms, deep sedation was associated with both obvious relief of the children's pain symptoms and reduction of the parents' pressure level. No significant difference was found in the efficacy of treatments under general anesthesia and deep sedation at the 1-year follow-up. CONCLUSION Dental treatment in children under deep sedation has the highest parental acceptance, followed by treatment under general anesthesia, and the acceptance of compulsory treatment is the lowest. The treatments under general anesthesia and deep sedation significantly improve the quality of life of the children and their parents and both have good treatment efficacy.
Humans ; Child ; Quality of Life ; Deep Sedation ; Child Behavior ; Treatment Outcome ; Anesthesia, General ; Parents ; Pain ; Dental Care ; Dental Caries

Autophagy is a lysosomal dependent metabolic pathway that degrades cytoplasmic proteins and organelles via formation of autophagosomes to maintain homeostasis within the body. In recent years, with the continuous deepening of research and understanding on autophagy, it has been found that autophagy plays an important role in the occurrence of various tumor diseases and regulates autophagy could treat various tumors. Recent evidence suggests that autophagy plays a dual role in the occurrence of liver cancer: autophagy can clear damaged organelles and misfolded proteins, avoiding cell carcinogenesis; At the same time, it can also adapt malignant tumor cells to adverse environments such as chemotherapy drugs and hypoxia. This article aims to review the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of autophagy in liver cancer, and discussing the potential to modulate autophagy as a therapeutic strategy in the context of liver cancer.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the qualitative studies on the psychological experience of living donors after liver transplantation, analyzing the psychological experience of living donors after liver transplantation, so as to provide a basis for formulating intervention measures to meet their inner needs.Methods:Qualitative studies on postoperative psychological experience and life experience of living liver transplant donors were searched by computer on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, CNKI, Wanfang Database, China Biology Medicine disc, VIP and other databases. The search period was from the establishment of the database to November 30, 2022. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based HealthCare Quality Evaluation Criteria (2016) , and the results were integrated using a pooled integration approach.Results:A total of 10 articles were included, 29 main results were extracted and summarized into 6 new categories. The 3 integrated results were negative psychological experience of living liver transplant donors after surgery, positive psychological experience of living liver transplant donors after surgery, and psychological support needs of living liver transplant donors after surgery.Conclusions:Nurses should pay attention to the negative psychological experience of living donors after liver transplantation, strengthen their positive psychological experience, help them get more family and social support after liver transplantation and meet their psychological and physiological support needs.