Hongsheng Dan, historically referred to as the "surgical sacred medicine", is at risk of losing its refining technology in contemporary times. This study aimed to preserve and innovate this traditional non-heritage refining technology. By utilizing the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) combined with the entropy weight method, this study established the hierarchical structure model of refining process of Hongsheng Dan and conducted a single factor experiment and an L_9(3~4) orthogonal experiment to optimize the refining method of Hongsheng Dan. Additionally, the study employed infrared thermal imaging to monitor temperature variations of Hongsheng Dan during the refining process. The optimized refining parameters for Hongsheng Dan were established as follows: a slow fire temperature of 175 ℃ with a duration of 30 minutes, a strong fire temperature of 270 ℃ with a duration of 60 minutes, and a tail fire temperature of 180 ℃ with a duration of 15 minutes. The stability and feasibility of this optimized process were confirmed through validation tests. The research focused on the material transformation of Hongsheng Dan, starting from the material changes during the refining process of Hongsheng Dan and the synthesis of mercuric oxide from nitric acid. The study investigated elemental transformations, physical phase changes, and alterations in thermal properties. 78.98% of the mercury in Hongsheng Dan and 80.21% of the mercury in mercuric oxide from nitric acid were retained. The diffraction peak intensity of the(011) crystal plane of Hongsheng Dan was highest at approximately 30.07°, indicating that the(011) crystal plane had a preferred crystalline orientation. Furthermore, the temperature range for the alteration in thermal properties during the refining process of Hongsheng Dan was found to be between 80 ℃ and 130 ℃. This research not only optimized the refining technology of Hongsheng Dan but also pioneered the application of infrared thermal imaging to study temperature changes throughout the refining process. By exploring the material transformation patterns of Hongsheng Dan and the synthesis of mercuric oxide from nitric acid, the study provided technical support for the preservation and innovation of Hongsheng Dan.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/standards* ; Temperature

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To investigate the current smoking status and smoking abstinence self-efficacy of stroke smoking patients, to clarify the factors associated with the smoking abstinence self-efficacy in stroke patients, and to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent targeted interventions and guidance for smoking cessation.Methods:A total of 196 stroke patients admitted to the Neurology Department of Tianjin Huanhu Hospital from September to December in 2021 were surveyed adopted cross-sectional survey method by the General Information Questionnaire, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, the Tobacco Hazard Perception Score, and the Smoking Abstinence Self Efficacy Scale. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors associated with patients' smoking abstinence self-efficacy.Results:The overall score of self-efficacy for smoking in stroke patients was (20.78 ± 6.47), and the scores of each dimension in descending order were habit/addiction, negative/emotional and positive/social situations. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that occupation, nicotine dependence score and cognition score of tobacco harm were the influencing factors of smoking abstinence self-efficacy, which could explain 37.4% variation of smoking abstinence self-efficacy.Conclusions:The self-efficacy level of smoking patients with stroke needs to be improved, and helping patients to improve their perception of tobacco harm and reduce their nicotine dependence can improve their self-efficacy level to increase the success rate of smoking cessation, thus reducing or even quitting the health risks caused by smoking behavior.

To establish and analyze the HPLC specific chromatograms of Xingnaojing injection manufactured by different factories. The separation was performed on a Thermo BDS Hypersil C₁₈ column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm), with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-0.02% formic acid aqueous solution for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL•min⁻¹, and the column temperature was 35 ℃. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm, and the sample size was 20 μL. Eleven chromatographic peaks were identified as characteristic peaks of HPLC specific chromatograms of Xingnaojing injection, after analyzing 29 batches of Xingnaojing injection samples. Compared with the reference substances, seven of them were identified as eucarvone, camphor, curcumenone, curcumenol, curdione, curzerenone and germacrone, respectively. HPLC specific chromatograms of Xingnaojing injection manufactured by three factories could be easily classified into three categories after investigation with computer-aided similarity evaluation system combined with principal component analysis. The established HPLC specific chromatograms provide a basis for scientific evaluation and effective control of the quality of Xingnaojing injection.

Objective To compare the influence of the doctor-nurse collaborating model and conventional nursing on quality of life (QOL) of esophageal cancer patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy.Methods Totals of 105 eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive the doctor-nurse collaborating model group (study group,n =55) and conventional nursing group (control group,n =50).European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-30 (QLQ-C30) was used to investigate them before intervention and after 1 month of the intervention.Results After implementing the doctor-nurse collaborating model,45 cases in study group and 32 cases in the control group completed established chemoradiotherapy,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.252,P ＜ 0.05).One month later,the function items of QLQ-C30 were decreased in both groups,and the level of control group was more obviously.And the symptom items of two groups were increased after the intervention,the pain score in study group was significantly lower than that of control group [(35.4 ± 16.2) vs (42.8 ± 19.0) ; t =2.147,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusions The doctor-nurse collaborating model has positive effects on the QOL of patients with esophageal cancer,and increases their compliance.

OBJECTIVETo identify the mutation of human androgen receptor gene (AR) in a patient with complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS).

METHODSDNA sequences of 8 exons and their exon/intron boundaries of the AR gene in the patient were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced.

RESULTSDNA sequencing revealed a nonsense mutation in exon 1, resulting in a change of codon 441 GAA (glutamic acid) to a stop codon (TAA).

CONCLUSIONA novel mutation Glu441stop (GAA to TAA) of the androgen receptor gene leading to complete androgen insensitivity syndrome was identified in this study in a Chinese patient. It may help us further understanding the pathogenesis of CAIS.

Adult ; Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Receptors, Androgen ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; methods

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation for the treatment of postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma and whether radiofrequency ablation can be used as first line treatment for recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.

METHODSThere were 213 patients with small recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma (tumor size of 3 cm or less and no more than 3 nodules) who treated in Liver Cancer Institute, Fudan University from January 2000 to December 2005. Among these patients 68 were treated with radiofrequency ablation and 145 were treated with repeated surgical resection. Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the overall survival or disease free survival. Log-rank used to determine the survival difference between groups and COX proportional hazard was used for multivariate analysis to evaluate the risk factors for prognosis. The overall survival or disease free survival was calculated from the time treated with radiofrequency or repeated surgical resection.

RESULTSThe 1-, 3-, 5-years overall survival rates were 94.7%, 65.1%, 37.3% and 88.1%, 62.6%, 41.0% in radiofrequency ablation group and surgical repeated resection group, respectively. There was no significant difference between two groups (P = 0.693). However, the disease free survival was better in repeated surgical resection than in radiofrequency ablation, which were 79.4%, 48.1%, 34.4% and 58.0%, 27.8%, 12.4% in repeated surgical resection and radiofrequency ablation, respectively (P = 0.001). The interval between recurrence and initial hepatectomy with more than 2 years was independent factor favor to good prognosis.

CONCLUSIONSRadiofrequency ablation seems to be as effective as repeated surgical resection owing to comparable overall survival and can be considered as alternative therapy for surgical resection treatment of small recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; surgery ; Catheter Ablation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; surgery ; Reoperation ; methods ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of exogenous connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in the collagen III synthesis of human renal tubular epithelial cell line HK2 in vitro.

METHODSCultured HK2 cells were randomly assigned to three groups: placebo-control, low-dose CTGF-treated (2.5 ng/mL) and high-dose CTGF-treated groups (20 ng/mL). Cell morphological changes were observed under an inverted microscope. Collagen III alpha mRNA expression was detected using RT-PCR. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to assess the levels of intracellular collagen III alpha protein.

RESULTSAfter 48 hrs of low- or high- dose CTGF treatment, the appearances of HK2 cells were changed from oval to fusiform. High-dose CTGF treatment increased collagen III alpha mRNA expression (0.4461+/-0.0274 vs 0.2999+/-0.0115; P<0.05) as well as the protein expression of collagen III alpha (0.4075+/-0.0071 vs 0.3503+/-0.0136; P<0.05) compared with the placebo-control group.

CONCLUSIONSCTGF can induce morphological changes of human renal tubular epithelial cells in vitro. High concentration of CTGF may increase the synthesis of collagen III alpha.

Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type III ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immediate-Early Proteins ; pharmacology ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; pharmacology ; Kidney Tubules ; drug effects ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Anticoagulants ; therapeutic use ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Cyclosporine ; therapeutic use ; Fish Oils ; therapeutic use ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; therapy ; Glucocorticoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Mycophenolic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression of CYR61 and VEGF in extranodal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma and its significance.

METHODSCYR61 mRNA and VEGF mRNA were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method in 20 cases of extranodal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma. Expressions of CYR61 and VEGF were studied by immunohistochemistry in 40 cases of the tumor.

RESULTS(1) Over-expression of CYR61 mRNA and VEGF mRNA was found in 19/20(95.0% ) and 15/20(75.0% ) cases, respectively. (2)Tumor cells expressing CYR61 protein and VEGF protein were detected in 38(95.0% ) and 25 (62. 5% ) of the 40 cases respectively, being no significant difference from the control. Co-expression of CYR61 and VEGF at both the mRNA and protein levels was 95.0% and 65.0% , respectively. Over-expression of CYR61 and VEGF at both mRNA and protein levels was found in 8 of the 40 cases. (3) The prognosis of the patients over-expressing CYR61 and VEGF was worse.

CONCLUSIONIn extranodal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma, the expression level of CYR61 and VEGF was changed and it may be of prognostic implication of

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cysteine-Rich Protein 61 ; Female ; Humans ; Immediate-Early Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Killer Cells, Natural ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nose Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; biosynthesis ; genetics