Objective To establish a stable,reliable,and clinically relevant porcine model of endotoxin-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS).Methods Ten 8-month-old male Bama minipigs were deeply sedated,followed by invasive mechanical ventilation and electrocardiographic monitoring.Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)was intravenously pumped at 600 μg/(kg·h)for 3 hours,then maintained at 15 μg/(kg·h)thereafter.Dynamic monitoring was performed at five time points after LPS injection(LPS 0,1,3,5,and 8 h),including arterial blood gas analysis and chest computed tomography(CT)scans.Pathological examination of lung tissues obtained via bronchoscopic biopsy(HE staining and transmission electron microscopy)was conducted.These indicators were comprehensively used to evaluate the success of the animal model.Results At 5 hours after LPS administration,8 minipigs developed symptoms such as skin cyanosis,elevated body temperature,and respiratory distress.The oxygenation index decreased to<300 mmHg.Chest CT scans showed diffuse pulmonary infiltrates.Histopathology revealed alveolar edema and hyaline membrane formation.Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated disruption of pulmonary blood-air barrier,depletion of lamellar bodies in type Ⅱ pneumocytes,inflammatory cell infiltration,and exudation of plasma proteins and fibrin.Compared with LPS 0 h,at LPS 8 h,the oxygenation index and arterial blood pH were significantly decreased(P<0.001),while blood lactic acid and serum potassium were significantly increased(P<0.05);serum calcium and base excess were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the lung injury score based on HE-stained lung sections was significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion The porcine ARDS model established by continuous LPS injection can dynamically simulate the pathophysiological characteristics and typical pathological manifestations of clinical septic ARDS,making it an effective tool to study the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment strategies of septic ARDS.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants. METHODS: The medical data of 61 786 neonates from multiple centers of China between September 1, 2013 and August 31, 2016 were retrospectively investigated, including 504 VLBW/ELBW preterm infants who met the inclusion criteria. Among the 504 infants, 108 infants diagnosed with MBDP were enrolled as the MBDP group and the remaining 396 infants were enrolled as the non-MBDP group. The two groups were compared in terms of general information of mothers and preterm infants, major diseases during hospitalization, nutritional support strategies, and other treatment conditions. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for MBDP. RESULTS: The incidence rate of MBDP was 19.4% (88/452) in VLBW preterm infants and 38.5% (20/52) in ELBW preterm infants. The incidence rate of MBDP was 21.7% in preterm infants with a gestational age of < 32 weeks and 45.5% in those with a gestational age of < 28 weeks. The univariate analysis showed that compared with the non-MBDP group, the MBDP group had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight, a significantly longer length of hospital stay, and a significantly higher incidence rate of extrauterine growth retardation ( CONCLUSIONS A lower gestational age, hypocalcemia, extrauterine growth retardation at discharge, and neonatal sepsis may be associated an increased risk of MBDP in VLBW/ELBW preterm infants. It is necessary to strengthen perinatal healthcare, avoid premature delivery, improve the awareness of the prevention and treatment of MBDP among neonatal pediatricians, and adopt positive and reasonable nutrition strategies and comprehensive management measures for preterm infants.
Birth Weight ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of glucocorticoid receptor antagonist-M8046 on the behavior and the cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2( COX-2/PGE2) expression in spinal cord dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in chronic constrictive injury (CCI) rats.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, 36 rats in each group: Sham operation group (Sham), chronic constrictive group (CCI), M8046 treated group (M8046) and solvent controlled group (Sc). M8046 3 mg/(kg x d) intraperitoneal injection was given after operation in group M8046. Paw thennal withdrawal (PTWL) and paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (PMWT) of rats were measured on 2 pre-operative and 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 post-operative days. The spinal cord and L15 DRG of the operated side was removed at 3, 7, 14 days after surgery. The change of COX-2 and PGE2 expression was determined by immunohistochemical staining and ELISA separately.

RESULTSPTWL and PMWT in CCI group were significantly lower than those in Sham group on every post-operative day (P < 0.05). PTWL and PMWT in M8046 group were significantly higher than those in CCI group on 7, 10, 14 post-operative day (P < 0.05). In spinal dorsal horn, the level of COX-2 and PGE2 expression in CCI group was significantly higher than that in Sham group (P < 0.05). M8046 could significantly attenuate the activation of COX-2 and PGE2 induced by CCI (P < 0.05). The expression of COX-2 and PGE2 in DRG was similar to that in spinal dorsal horn.

CONCLUSIONThe effects of M8046 ameliorate the CCI-induced neuropathic pain may be related to attenuate the expression of COX-2 and PGE2 in spinal cord and DRG.

Animals ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Dinoprostone ; metabolism ; Ganglia, Spinal ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Neuralgia ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Glucocorticoid ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Spinal Cord ; drug effects ; metabolism

Objective To detect the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α),glucose transporter protein-1 (GLUT-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human laryngeal carcinoma tissue,and to study the relationship between hypoxia and HIF-1α,GLUT-1,VEGF in human laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and to explore the effect of HIF-1α,GLUT-1 and VEGF as endogenous hypoxic markers on laryngeal carcinoma.Methods The expression levels of HIF-1α,GLUT-1 and VEGF were detected in 35 cases of laryngeal carcinoma by SP immunohistochemical methods and in Hep-2 cells by SP immunocytochemical methods.The relationship between HIF-1 α and GLUT-1,VEGF protein expression was analyzed.Results Of the 35 cases,16 cases expressed HIF-1α,16 cases expressed GLUT-1,19 cases expressed VEGF.The expression of HIF-1α and VEGF were closely correlated with pathologic grading and lymphnode metastasis.GLUT-1 was correlated with lymphnode metastasis.The expression levels of HIF-1 α,GLUT-1 and VEGF in Hep-2 cells under hypoxic condition were higher than those under normoxiccondition.Conclusion HIF-1α may promote the expression of GLUT-1 and VEGF in laryngeal carcinoma,furthermore promote tumor angiogenesis,invasion,and metastasis of the laryngeal carcinoma.

Objective To study whether laryngeal cancer stem cells in hypoxia have the characteristic of resistance to irradiation and underlying mechanism.Methods CD133 + cells were separated from Hep-2 cells with flow cytometry(FCM)and the purity was 92.8％.The separated CD133 + cells were cultured in serum-free medium in hypoxia in normoxia enviroment respetively,and hypoxiainducible factor 1 alpha(HIF-1α)expression was detected by FCM.The cells were exposed respectively to X-rays emitted by linear accelerator with a dose of 0,5,10,15 or 20 Gy for 24 hours,with additional time points of 12,36,and 48 hours for the cells exposed to 10 Gy.Then the growth inhibition ratios of ceils in hypoxia and normoxia groups were detected with MTT assay at different time points.Soft agar colony formation assay was used to dectect colony formation ratios of cells in hypoxia and normoxia groups.DNA dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit(DNA-PKcs),ataxiatelangiectasia mutate(ATM),Survivin and P53 were detected by FCM.Results Growth inhibition ratio of CD133 + cells in hypoxia group was lower than that in normoxia group(P ＜0.05).Colony formation ratio of CD133 + cells was higher than that of CD133-cells(P ＜ 0.01)and the ratio of CDi33 + cells in hypoxia group was higher than that in nonnoxia group(P ＜0.05).The ratio of hypoxia group was not affected by irradiation,while the ratio of normoxia group decreased significantly after irradiation(P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of DNA-PKcs,ATM,Survivin and P53 in CD133+ cells were higher than those in CD133-cells respectively(P ＜0.01).In CD133 + cells with radiation,the expressions of DNA-PKcs and Survivin of hypoxia group were higher those of normoxia group(P ＜ 0.05),but no difference in the expression of ATM or P53 between the two groups.Conclusions Laryngeal cancer stem cells play an important role in radioresistance mediated by hypoxia.

Objective To evaluate the medical work during"Operation Harmony -2010", summarize practical experience, find out problems, work out related countermeasures and to provide references for similar large-scale military operations other than war fay the Navy. Methods Investigations were made on medical professionals involved in"Operation Harmony -2010" and quantitative and qualitative analyses were made on the research results. Results Total satisfaction rate with the medical activities of the operation ranked the second best. The most unsatisfactory ranked in order were planning and organization, staffing and medical management. Conclusions"Operation Harmony -2010" was the first successful overseas medical relief activity ever performed by the Chinese Navy. It was a great step forward in many respects, such as service targets, service quality and quantity, as well as breadth and depth. The Navy has taken the initiative in the organization of such operations other than war. With the hospital ship as its platform, "Operation Harmony" series will be the chief important means to display the power of the Chinese Navy for a long period of time in the future. With further deepening of theoretical research and accumulation of practical experience, the organization and implementation of such operation will surely be more effective.

Objective To evaluate the medical work during"Operation Harmony -2010", summarize practical experience, find out problems, work out related countermeasures and to provide references for similar large-scale military operations other than war fay the Navy. Methods Investigations were made on medical professionals involved in"Operation Harmony -2010" and quantitative and qualitative analyses were made on the research results. Results Total satisfaction rate with the medical activities of the operation ranked the second best. The most unsatisfactory ranked in order were planning and organization, staffing and medical management. Conclusions"Operation Harmony -2010" was the first successful overseas medical relief activity ever performed by the Chinese Navy. It was a great step forward in many respects, such as service targets, service quality and quantity, as well as breadth and depth. The Navy has taken the initiative in the organization of such operations other than war. With the hospital ship as its platform, "Operation Harmony" series will be the chief important means to display the power of the Chinese Navy for a long period of time in the future. With further deepening of theoretical research and accumulation of practical experience, the organization and implementation of such operation will surely be more effective.

Objective To investigate effects of successive 14 d psychological stress combined with 48 h sleep deprivation on learning memory and certain nutrients in rats.Methods Forty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,each consisting of 15 animals;the blank control group,the multi-factor group and the multi-factor negative control group.The psychological stress coupled with sleep deprivation model was developed with the Communication Box and a small modified platform.Learning memory of rats was measured by the Morris water maze.Serum samples were taken from the rats to measure levels of Vc、Ve、Fe and CK activity.Results Following multi-factor intervention,escape latency of rats for total-quadrant,the first and the second quadrant were significantly longer than those of the control group,and Fe concentration decreased obviously.Conclusions Fourteen-day psychological stress coupled with 48-hour sleep deprivation could impair learning memory of rats,and induced deficiency of certain nutrients in rats.

Objective To investigate effects of successive 14 d psychological stress combined with 48 h sleep deprivation on learning memory and certain nutrients in rats.Methods Forty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups,each consisting of 15 animals;the blank control group,the multi-factor group and the multi-factor negative control group.The psychological stress coupled with sleep deprivation model was developed with the Communication Box and a small modified platform.Learning memory of rats was measured by the Morris water maze.Serum samples were taken from the rats to measure levels of Vc、Ve、Fe and CK activity.Results Following multi-factor intervention,escape latency of rats for total-quadrant,the first and the second quadrant were significantly longer than those of the control group,and Fe concentration decreased obviously.Conclusions Fourteen-day psychological stress coupled with 48-hour sleep deprivation could impair learning memory of rats,and induced deficiency of certain nutrients in rats.