ObjectiveTo investigate the molecular mechanisms by which salvianolic acid B （SalB） inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） by downregulating phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase and phosphoribosylaminoimidazole succinocarboxamide synthetase （PAICS） expression. MethodsNSCLC A549 cells and normal bronchial epithelial cells （bronchial epithelium transformed with Ad12-SV40 2B， BEAS-2B） were used as models. Cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay after treatment with SalB （0， 50， 100， 200， 300， 400， 500 μmol·L^-1 for 24 or 48 h to determine effective and safe intervention concentrations. Cell proliferation， cell cycle distribution， and apoptosis were evaluated by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine （EdU） staining and flow cytometry， respectively. Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were performed to assess cell migration and invasion. RNA sequencing combined with bioinformatic analysis was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes and functional enrichment. Molecular docking was used to predict the binding ability between SalB and PAICS， and the cellular thermal shift assay （CETSA） was performed to evaluate the effect of SalB on the thermal stability of the PAICS protein. Western blot （WB） was used to detect the effects of SalB on PAICS and EMT-related proteins （E-cadherin， N-cadherin， Vimentin， Snail， and Slug）. A functional rescue assay was conducted by PAICS overexpression via plasmid transfection. ResultsCompared with the control group， SalB inhibited A549 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.05）， and the effective concentrations （≤300 μmol·L^-1） showed no significant cytotoxicity in BEAS-2B cells. Within this concentration range， SalB significantly inhibited A549 cell proliferation， migration， and invasion， and induced G₀/G₁ phase arrest and apoptosis （P<0.05）. Transcriptomic analysis showed that SalB significantly downregulated PAICS expression， and its functions were enriched in cell proliferation and EMT. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that PAICS is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and is associated with poor prognosis （P<0.01）. Molecular docking showed that SalB has strong binding ability to PAICS （binding energy -9.1 kcal·mol^-1. CETSA results showed that SalB significantly increased the thermal stability of the PAICS protein （P<0.05）. WB results showed that， compared with the control group， SalB dose-dependently downregulated PAICS expression， upregulated E-cadherin， and downregulated N-cadherin， Vimentin， Snail， and Slug （P<0.05）. Functional rescue experiments showed that， compared with the empty vector group， PAICS overexpression significantly enhanced A549 cell proliferation， migration， and invasion， promoted cell cycle progression， and inhibited apoptosis （P<0.05）. Meanwhile， compared with the empty vector + SalB-H group， PAICS overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effects of SalB on malignant phenotypes and EMT-related proteins （N-cadherin， Vimentin， Snail， and Slug）， and downregulated E-cadherin expression （P<0.05，P<0.01）， indicating that PAICS is a key functional target mediating the antitumor effects of SalB. ConclusionSalB effectively inhibits EMT progression and cell cycle progression in A549 cells by downregulating PAICS expression， thereby exerting anti-NSCLC effects. This study not only reveals that PAICS is a key functional target through which SalB regulates EMT， but also provides experimental evidence supporting SalB as a potential candidate drug for inhibiting NSCLC metastasis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanisms by which eupatilin （Eup） inhibits proliferation， invasion， and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） through the enhancer of zeste homolog 2/histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation （EZH2/H3K27me3） signaling pathway. MethodsIn vivo， a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model was established in nude mice using H1299 cells to evaluate the anti-NSCLC effects of Eup. Immunohistochemistry （IHC-P） was used to detect the expression of proliferation- and invasion/metastasis-related proteins， including proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）. In vitro， cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assays were performed to determine the viability of H1299 cells treated with different concentrations of Eup （0-200 μmol·L^-1） and to select appropriate concentrations. Colony formation and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine （EdU） assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation. Wound healing and invasion assays were conducted to assess cell migration and invasion. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell （HUVEC） angiogenesis assays were used to evaluate the effects of Eup on angiogenesis. Transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify the targets of Eup in H1299 cells and to explore its major functions. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to predict the binding affinity and interaction stability between Eup and its target proteins. Western blot was used to detect the effects of Eup on the expression levels of EZH2/H3K27me3 pathway-related proteins and proliferation- and invasion/metastasis-related proteins， including PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， and VEGFA. ResultsIn the subcutaneous xenograft model， compared with the model group， Eup treatment dose-dependently inhibited the growth of H1299 xenograft tumors， and the tumor inhibition rate was significantly increased （P<0.05）. IHC-P results showed that， compared with the model group， high-dose Eup significantly reduced the expression levels of PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， and VEGFA in vivo （P<0.05）. In vitro， compared with the control group， Eup inhibited the proliferation， invasion， and metastasis of NSCLC cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Transcriptomic analysis further showed that， compared with the control group， Eup significantly downregulated EZH2 expression， and its functional effects were associated with inhibition of tumor metastasis. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that Eup exhibited strong binding affinity with EZH2 and stable interactions. Western blot results demonstrated that， compared with the model group， Eup significantly inhibited， in a dose-dependent manner， the expression levels of EZH2， H3K27me3， and proliferation- and invasion/metastasis-related proteins （PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， and VEGFA） in both in vivo and in vitro experiments （P<0.05）. In vitro， compared with the control group， overexpression of EZH2 via plasmid transfection partially reversed the inhibitory effects of Eup on the expression of key proteins involved in proliferation and invasion/metastasis in H1299 cells. ConclusionEup effectively inhibits the proliferation， migration， and invasion of H1299 cells both in vivo and in vitro. The underlying mechanism may be related to inhibition of the EZH2/H3K27me3 signaling pathway and downregulation of proliferation- and invasion/metastasis-related proteins， including PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， and VEGFA. Eup may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for suppressing proliferation and invasion/metastasis in NSCLC.

Lung cancer， particularly non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）， is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality in China and worldwide. In 2022， the global number of deaths reached 1.8 million， accounting for 18.7% of all cancer-related deaths， seriously threatening human health and life， and posing a severe challenge for prevention and treatment. Although treatment strategies for lung cancer have been continuously enriched in recent years， and progress has been made in targeted therapy and immunotherapy， long-term survival benefits remain limited due to primary or acquired drug resistance， low immune responsiveness， and chemotherapy-related toxicities. Therefore， there is an urgent need to explore safe and effective adjunctive therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， with its advantages of holistic regulation and individualized syndrome differentiation， has played an increasingly prominent role in comprehensive cancer treatment. TCM holds that "Yang deficiency leads to accumulation" is a key pathogenesis of tumors. Based on the theory that "Yang transforms Qi， while Yin forms substance"， deficiency of Yang Qi results in impaired warming and transformation functions， leading to internal accumulation of Yin-cold. This is closely related to dysregulation of the immune microenvironment， "cold tumor" characteristics， and dysfunction of the neuroendocrine system in modern medicine. Accordingly， the therapeutic strategy of "warming Yang， supporting healthy Qi， and combating cancer" has gained increasing attention. In recent years， commonly used Yang-warming Chinese herbs， including Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata， Zingiberis Rhizoma， Cinnamomi Cortex， Epimedii Folium， and Psoraleae Fructus， as well as their active constituents， have achieved notable progress in anti-lung cancer research by regulating multiple signaling pathways， inducing apoptosis， inhibiting metastasis， and reversing drug resistance. In addition， Yang-warming formulae such as Sini Tang and Yanghe Tang have shown promising effects in alleviating myelosuppression， improving cancer-related fatigue， managing malignant pleural effusion， and relieving cancer pain. These therapies exhibit toxicity-reducing and efficacy-enhancing effects， significantly improving patients' quality of life and survival benefits. To systematically summarize the roles and mechanisms of Yang-warming Chinese herbal medicines and compound formulae in lung cancer， this paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advances， aiming to offer insights for the clinical practice of TCM in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the molecular mechanisms by which salvianolic acid B （SalB） inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） by downregulating phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase and phosphoribosylaminoimidazole succinocarboxamide synthetase （PAICS） expression. MethodsNSCLC A549 cells and normal bronchial epithelial cells （bronchial epithelium transformed with Ad12-SV40 2B， BEAS-2B） were used as models. Cell viability was assessed using the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay after treatment with SalB （0， 50， 100， 200， 300， 400， 500 μmol·L^-1 for 24 or 48 h to determine effective and safe intervention concentrations. Cell proliferation， cell cycle distribution， and apoptosis were evaluated by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine （EdU） staining and flow cytometry， respectively. Wound healing and Transwell invasion assays were performed to assess cell migration and invasion. RNA sequencing combined with bioinformatic analysis was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes and functional enrichment. Molecular docking was used to predict the binding ability between SalB and PAICS， and the cellular thermal shift assay （CETSA） was performed to evaluate the effect of SalB on the thermal stability of the PAICS protein. Western blot （WB） was used to detect the effects of SalB on PAICS and EMT-related proteins （E-cadherin， N-cadherin， Vimentin， Snail， and Slug）. A functional rescue assay was conducted by PAICS overexpression via plasmid transfection. ResultsCompared with the control group， SalB inhibited A549 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner （P<0.05）， and the effective concentrations （≤300 μmol·L^-1） showed no significant cytotoxicity in BEAS-2B cells. Within this concentration range， SalB significantly inhibited A549 cell proliferation， migration， and invasion， and induced G₀/G₁ phase arrest and apoptosis （P<0.05）. Transcriptomic analysis showed that SalB significantly downregulated PAICS expression， and its functions were enriched in cell proliferation and EMT. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that PAICS is highly expressed in lung adenocarcinoma and is associated with poor prognosis （P<0.01）. Molecular docking showed that SalB has strong binding ability to PAICS （binding energy -9.1 kcal·mol^-1. CETSA results showed that SalB significantly increased the thermal stability of the PAICS protein （P<0.05）. WB results showed that， compared with the control group， SalB dose-dependently downregulated PAICS expression， upregulated E-cadherin， and downregulated N-cadherin， Vimentin， Snail， and Slug （P<0.05）. Functional rescue experiments showed that， compared with the empty vector group， PAICS overexpression significantly enhanced A549 cell proliferation， migration， and invasion， promoted cell cycle progression， and inhibited apoptosis （P<0.05）. Meanwhile， compared with the empty vector + SalB-H group， PAICS overexpression partially reversed the inhibitory effects of SalB on malignant phenotypes and EMT-related proteins （N-cadherin， Vimentin， Snail， and Slug）， and downregulated E-cadherin expression （P<0.05，P<0.01）， indicating that PAICS is a key functional target mediating the antitumor effects of SalB. ConclusionSalB effectively inhibits EMT progression and cell cycle progression in A549 cells by downregulating PAICS expression， thereby exerting anti-NSCLC effects. This study not only reveals that PAICS is a key functional target through which SalB regulates EMT， but also provides experimental evidence supporting SalB as a potential candidate drug for inhibiting NSCLC metastasis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanisms by which eupatilin （Eup） inhibits proliferation， invasion， and metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） through the enhancer of zeste homolog 2/histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation （EZH2/H3K27me3） signaling pathway. MethodsIn vivo， a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model was established in nude mice using H1299 cells to evaluate the anti-NSCLC effects of Eup. Immunohistochemistry （IHC-P） was used to detect the expression of proliferation- and invasion/metastasis-related proteins， including proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）， matrix metalloproteinase-2 （MMP-2）， matrix metalloproteinase-9 （MMP-9）， and vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）. In vitro， cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assays were performed to determine the viability of H1299 cells treated with different concentrations of Eup （0-200 μmol·L^-1） and to select appropriate concentrations. Colony formation and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine （EdU） assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation. Wound healing and invasion assays were conducted to assess cell migration and invasion. Human umbilical vein endothelial cell （HUVEC） angiogenesis assays were used to evaluate the effects of Eup on angiogenesis. Transcriptomic analysis was performed to identify the targets of Eup in H1299 cells and to explore its major functions. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to predict the binding affinity and interaction stability between Eup and its target proteins. Western blot was used to detect the effects of Eup on the expression levels of EZH2/H3K27me3 pathway-related proteins and proliferation- and invasion/metastasis-related proteins， including PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， and VEGFA. ResultsIn the subcutaneous xenograft model， compared with the model group， Eup treatment dose-dependently inhibited the growth of H1299 xenograft tumors， and the tumor inhibition rate was significantly increased （P<0.05）. IHC-P results showed that， compared with the model group， high-dose Eup significantly reduced the expression levels of PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， and VEGFA in vivo （P<0.05）. In vitro， compared with the control group， Eup inhibited the proliferation， invasion， and metastasis of NSCLC cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Transcriptomic analysis further showed that， compared with the control group， Eup significantly downregulated EZH2 expression， and its functional effects were associated with inhibition of tumor metastasis. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that Eup exhibited strong binding affinity with EZH2 and stable interactions. Western blot results demonstrated that， compared with the model group， Eup significantly inhibited， in a dose-dependent manner， the expression levels of EZH2， H3K27me3， and proliferation- and invasion/metastasis-related proteins （PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， and VEGFA） in both in vivo and in vitro experiments （P<0.05）. In vitro， compared with the control group， overexpression of EZH2 via plasmid transfection partially reversed the inhibitory effects of Eup on the expression of key proteins involved in proliferation and invasion/metastasis in H1299 cells. ConclusionEup effectively inhibits the proliferation， migration， and invasion of H1299 cells both in vivo and in vitro. The underlying mechanism may be related to inhibition of the EZH2/H3K27me3 signaling pathway and downregulation of proliferation- and invasion/metastasis-related proteins， including PCNA， MMP-2， MMP-9， and VEGFA. Eup may serve as a potential therapeutic agent for suppressing proliferation and invasion/metastasis in NSCLC.

Lung cancer， particularly non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）， is the malignant tumor with the highest incidence and mortality in China and worldwide. In 2022， the global number of deaths reached 1.8 million， accounting for 18.7% of all cancer-related deaths， seriously threatening human health and life， and posing a severe challenge for prevention and treatment. Although treatment strategies for lung cancer have been continuously enriched in recent years， and progress has been made in targeted therapy and immunotherapy， long-term survival benefits remain limited due to primary or acquired drug resistance， low immune responsiveness， and chemotherapy-related toxicities. Therefore， there is an urgent need to explore safe and effective adjunctive therapeutic strategies. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， with its advantages of holistic regulation and individualized syndrome differentiation， has played an increasingly prominent role in comprehensive cancer treatment. TCM holds that "Yang deficiency leads to accumulation" is a key pathogenesis of tumors. Based on the theory that "Yang transforms Qi， while Yin forms substance"， deficiency of Yang Qi results in impaired warming and transformation functions， leading to internal accumulation of Yin-cold. This is closely related to dysregulation of the immune microenvironment， "cold tumor" characteristics， and dysfunction of the neuroendocrine system in modern medicine. Accordingly， the therapeutic strategy of "warming Yang， supporting healthy Qi， and combating cancer" has gained increasing attention. In recent years， commonly used Yang-warming Chinese herbs， including Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata， Zingiberis Rhizoma， Cinnamomi Cortex， Epimedii Folium， and Psoraleae Fructus， as well as their active constituents， have achieved notable progress in anti-lung cancer research by regulating multiple signaling pathways， inducing apoptosis， inhibiting metastasis， and reversing drug resistance. In addition， Yang-warming formulae such as Sini Tang and Yanghe Tang have shown promising effects in alleviating myelosuppression， improving cancer-related fatigue， managing malignant pleural effusion， and relieving cancer pain. These therapies exhibit toxicity-reducing and efficacy-enhancing effects， significantly improving patients' quality of life and survival benefits. To systematically summarize the roles and mechanisms of Yang-warming Chinese herbal medicines and compound formulae in lung cancer， this paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advances， aiming to offer insights for the clinical practice of TCM in the prevention and treatment of lung cancer.

Bronchiectasis(BE) is the third major chronic airway disease, and its incidence rate shows a continuously increasing trend. Bronchiectasis is a highly heterogeneous chronic airway disease. Due to structural alterations, airflow limitation, and mucus hypersecretion, clinical treatment faces many challenges. Particularly, problems including Pseudomonas aeruginosa-dominant drug-resistant bacterial colonization, recurrent infections, airway mucus hypersecretion, and impaired lung function are the most urgent, requiring long-term and personalized treatment and management integrating traditional Chinese and western medicine to prevent the recurrence and continuous progression of the disease. In recent years, both traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine have made certain progress in pathogenesis theories, clinical studies, and basic research regarding the therapeutic challenges of bronchiectasis. Therefore, this paper summarized relevant research from the past 10 years and explored future directions and potential advantages of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment, providing references for optimizing the clinical management strategies for bronchiectasis.
Bronchiectasis/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional/methods* ; Animals

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Yangxue Qingnao Pills (YXQNP) combined with amlodipine in treating patients with grade 1 hypertension. METHODS: This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study. Adult patients with grade 1 hypertension of blood deficiency and Gan (Liver)-yang hyperactivity syndrome were randomly divided into the treatment or the control groups at a 1:1 ratio. The treatment group received YXQNP and amlodipine besylate, while the control group received YXQNP's placebo and amlodipine besylate. The treatment duration lasted for 180 days. Outcomes assessed included changes in blood pressure, Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome scores, symptoms and target organ functions before and after treatment in both groups. Additionally, adverse events, such as nausea, vomiting, rash, itching, and diarrhea, were recorded in both groups. RESULTS: A total of 662 subjects were enrolled, of whom 608 (91.8%) completed the trial (306 in the treatment and 302 in the control groups). After 180 days of treatment, the standard deviations and coefficients of variation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were lower in the treatment group compared with the control group. The improvement rates of dizziness, headache, insomnia, and waist soreness were significantly higher in the treatment group compared with the control group (P<0.05). After 30 days of treatment, the overall therapeutic effects on CM clinical syndromes were significantly increased in the treatment group as compared with the control group (P<0.05). After 180 days of treatment, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, ankle brachial index and albumin-to-creatinine ratio were improved in both groups, with no statistically significant differences (P>0.05). No serious treatment-related adverse events occurred during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Combination therapy of YXQNP with amlodipine significantly improved symptoms such as dizziness and headache, reduced blood pressure variability, and showed a trend toward lowering urinary microalbumin in hypertensive patients. These findings suggest that this regimen has good clinical efficacy and safety. (Registration No. ChiCTR1900022470).
Humans ; Amlodipine/adverse effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Hypertension/complications* ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Adult ; Blood Pressure/drug effects* ; Double-Blind Method ; Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects*

Objective:To explore the effect of C1q like protein 4(C1ql4)on migration and invasion of breast cancer and its mechanism.Methods:Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression level of C1ql4 mRNA in tumor tissues and paracancerous tissues from 50 cases of breast cancer,as well as the breast cells including T549 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells,and MCF-10A normal breast cells.The siRNA targeting C1ql4 gene(siC1ql4)was synthesized and transfected into BT549 breast cancer cells by liposome transfection,and the silencing efficiency was detected by Western blotting.MTT assay was used to detect the proliferative ability of the cells in each group,the invasive ability of the cells was detected by Transwell assay,and the migratory ability of the cells was detected by scratch healing assay.Western blotting was used to detect the proliferative ability of the cells in each group.The expression levels of Snail,Slug,nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and phospho-NF-κB(p-NF-κB)were detected.The immunofluorescence was used to localize the distribution of NF-κB.Real-time fluorescence PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of the NF-κB target genes TNF-α and IL-1β.Results:The expression level of C1ql4 mRNA in breast cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in paracancerous tissues,and the expression level of C1ql4 mRNA in BT549 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells was significantly higher than that in MCF-10A normal breast cells(P<0.05).After silencing C1ql4 expression,the proliferation,invasion and migration abilities of BT549 cells were significantly decreased(all P<0.001);the mRNA and prorein expression levels of Snail and Slug were significantly down-regulated(both P<0.001),and the mRNA expression levels of TNFα and IL-1β were significantly reduced(both P<0.001).The amount of NF-κB entering the nucleus was reduced,and the ratio of p-NF-κB to NF-κB was reduced(both P<0.05).Conclusion:The C1ql4 gene may regulate migration and invasion of breast cancer cells and promote breast cancer progression through the NF-κB pathway.

The existing relevant standards and registration of disposable sterile surgical drapes were introduced,and four times of national supervision and sample inspection of disposable sterile surgical drapes from 2017 to 2023 were described.The unqualified items found in the supervision and sample inspection were analyzed,the exploratory research projects carried out were summarized and other problems encountered during the sample inspection were pointed out.Relevant enterprises were suggested to strengthen the implementation of industry standards,take seriously the product material identification information,clearly limit the raw materials used and standardize the product registration name.References were provided for the industrial supervision and development of disposable sterile surgical drapes.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(5):66-72]