The chemical composition of Paeoniae Radix Alba(PRA) is complex, with primary secondary metabolites including monoterpenoids, tannins, triterpenoids, and flavonoids. In previous studies on the material basis of PRA, it was found that, in addition to the widely studied characteristic monoterpene glycosides, tannic acid components also play an important role in the efficacy of PRA. However, their pharmacological effects have not been thoroughly investigated. This paper reviews the tannic acid components in PRA, including pentagaloyl glucose(PGG), tetragaloyl glucose(TGG), trigaloyl glucose(TriGG), and gallic acid, along with their structures, properties, and characteristics to provide a detailed discussion of their pharmacological activities and related mechanisms, aiming to offer a theoretical basis for the material basis research and clinical application of PRA.
Paeonia/chemistry* ; Tannins/chemistry* ; Humans ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Animals ; Plant Extracts

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of children with non-Down-syndrome-related acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (non-DS-AMKL). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical data of 17 children with non-DS-AMKL who were admitted to Children's Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to December 2023, and their clinical features, treatment, and prognosis were summarized. RESULTS: Among the 17 children with non-DS-AMKL, there were 8 boys and 9 girls. Fourteen patients had an onset age of less than 36 months, with a median age of 21 months (range:13-145 months). Immunophenotyping results showed that 16 children were positive for CD61 and 13 were positive for CD41. The karyotype analysis was performed on 16 children, with normal karyotype in 6 children and abnormal karyotype in 9 children, among whom 5 had complex karyotype and 1 had no mitotic figure. Detected fusion genes included EVI1, NUP98-KDM5A, KDM5A-MIS18BP1, C22orf34-BRD1, WT1, and MLL-AF9. Genetic alterations included TET2, D7S486 deletion (suggesting 7q-), CSF1R deletion, and PIM1. All 17 children received chemotherapy, among whom 16 (94%) achieved complete remission after one course of induction therapy, and 1 child underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and remained alive and disease-free. Of all children, 7 experienced recurrence, among whom 1 child received HSCT and died of graft-versus-host disease. At the last follow-up, six patients remained alive and disease-free. CONCLUSIONS Non-DS-AMKL primarily occurs in children between 1 and 3 years of age. The patients with this disorder have a high incidence rate of chromosomal abnormalities, with complex karyotypes in most patients. Some patients harbor fusion genes or gene mutations. Although the initial remission rate is high, the long-term survival rate remains low.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Leukemia, Megakaryoblastic, Acute/etiology* ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Child ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Down Syndrome/complications*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Yangxue Qingnao Pills (YXQNP) combined with amlodipine in treating patients with grade 1 hypertension. METHODS: This is a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study. Adult patients with grade 1 hypertension of blood deficiency and Gan (Liver)-yang hyperactivity syndrome were randomly divided into the treatment or the control groups at a 1:1 ratio. The treatment group received YXQNP and amlodipine besylate, while the control group received YXQNP's placebo and amlodipine besylate. The treatment duration lasted for 180 days. Outcomes assessed included changes in blood pressure, Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome scores, symptoms and target organ functions before and after treatment in both groups. Additionally, adverse events, such as nausea, vomiting, rash, itching, and diarrhea, were recorded in both groups. RESULTS: A total of 662 subjects were enrolled, of whom 608 (91.8%) completed the trial (306 in the treatment and 302 in the control groups). After 180 days of treatment, the standard deviations and coefficients of variation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were lower in the treatment group compared with the control group. The improvement rates of dizziness, headache, insomnia, and waist soreness were significantly higher in the treatment group compared with the control group (P<0.05). After 30 days of treatment, the overall therapeutic effects on CM clinical syndromes were significantly increased in the treatment group as compared with the control group (P<0.05). After 180 days of treatment, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity, ankle brachial index and albumin-to-creatinine ratio were improved in both groups, with no statistically significant differences (P>0.05). No serious treatment-related adverse events occurred during the study period. CONCLUSIONS Combination therapy of YXQNP with amlodipine significantly improved symptoms such as dizziness and headache, reduced blood pressure variability, and showed a trend toward lowering urinary microalbumin in hypertensive patients. These findings suggest that this regimen has good clinical efficacy and safety. (Registration No. ChiCTR1900022470).
Humans ; Amlodipine/adverse effects* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/adverse effects* ; Male ; Female ; Hypertension/complications* ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Adult ; Blood Pressure/drug effects* ; Double-Blind Method ; Aged ; Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects*

Objective To explore the targeted regulatory relationship of miR-330-5p on OY-TES-1 in glioblastoma and the effect of miR-330-5p/OY-TES-1 axis on the migration ability of glioblastoma.Methods Bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze the expression level of miR-330-5p in patients with glioblastoma and its influence on prognosis and survival of patients.The glioblastoma cells U251 were divided into miR-330-5p minics group,minics-NC group,and miR-330-5p+OY-TES-1 overexpression group(miR-330-5p minics+pcDNA3.1-OY-TES-1).The effect of miR-330-5p on the activity of OY-TES-1 3'UTR region was detected by double luciferase reporter gene experiment.The expression of OY-TES-1 mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR.The effect of miR-330-5p/OY-TES-1 axis on the migration ability of glioblastoma cells was detected by Transwell migration assay.Results The expression of miR-330-5p in glioblastoma tissue was significantly lower than those in non-tumor brain tissue and low-grade glioma tissue(P<0.05).The survival time of glioblastoma patients with high expression of miR-330-5p was significantly longer than that of patients with low expression of miR-330-5p(P<0.05).After overexpression of miR-330-5p,the activity of OY-TES-1 3'UTR region was decreased(P<0.05).Compared with minics-NC group,the expression levels of OY-TES-1 mRNA of U251 and U87MG cells in miR-330-5p minics group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with minics-NC group,the numbers of migrating cells in miR-330-5p minics group and miR-330-5p+OY-TES-1 overexpression group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with miR-330-5p minics group,the number of migrating cells in miR-330-5p+OY-TES-1 overexpression group was significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion MiR-330-5p targets OY-TES-1 to inhibit the migration of glioblastoma.

To compare and analyze the clinical manifestations,laboratory characteristics,imaging findings,and treatment outcomes of patients with acute and chronic brucellosis,a retrospective analysis was conducted on 258 patients with brucellosis(202 in the acute group and 56 in the chronic group)hospitalized in Xinkang Hospital in Dalad Banner,Ordos City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,from November 2023 to November 2024.General data,epidemiological characteristics,clinical presentations,laboratory test results,imaging findings,treatment outcomes,and prognosis were collected.The incidences of fever(51.5%vs 7.1%),fatigue(30.2%vs 12.5%),joint pain(42.9%vs 16.1%),and muscle pain(9.9%vs.1.8%)were significantly higher in the acute phase group(all P<0.05).The incidence of osteoarthritis complications was higher in the chronic brucellosis group(51.8%vs 8.9%,χ2=75.697,P<0.01).Univariate ANOVA analysisshowed that the Serum Agglutination Tests(SAT),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),creatinine(CRE),C-reactive protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and bone destructionexhibited statistically significant differences between the acute and chronic phases of brucellosis(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that abnormal ALT(OR=14.18,95%CI:1.11-181.72;P=0.041)and bone destruction(OR=0.16,95%CI:0.04-0.63;P=0.009)were associated with chronic brucellosis.After treatment,all patients experienced have symptom relief in varying degrees,with 157 patients(60.9%)cured and 101 patients(39.1%)symptomatic improved(P<0.01).In conclusion,the incidences of fever,fatigue,and joint pain in patients during the acute phase is significantly higher than that those in patients during the chronic phase,while the incidence of osteoarthritis complications is higher in chronic phase patients.The incidences of abnormal SAT,ALT,AST,TBIL,CRE,CRP,and ESR,and bone destruction varies at different stages of brucellosis.Of those,abnormal ALT and bone destruction show a stronger association with,which can assist the clinical staging of brucellosis.

Objective:To detect the expression of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) involved in the late stage of autophagy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), analyze the difference and explore its possible clinical significance.Methods:① Peripheral blood specimens and clinical data were collected from 90 AS patients (AS group) who attended the outpatient clinic of the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from March 2022 to August 2023, among which 30 patients were treated with secukinumab monoclonal antibody for 24 weeks (the treatment group), and clinical data and peripheral blood specimens from 45 healthy individuals (the HC group) who had medical checkups in the Affiliated Hospital of Chuanbei Medical College during the same period were used as the control group. As the control group, the mRNA expression levels of six ATGs (ATG5, ATG7, LC3-Ⅱ, ATG4B, ATG2A, ATG10) involved in the late autophagy stage were detected in PBMCs of peripheral blood specimens by RT-qPCR, and were compared among different groups, and the measured data conformed to the normal distribution were analyzed using the paired t-test, and the abnormal distribution date were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for measurement data, and Spearman correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis. ② Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to verify the difference in the expression of ATGs in the late stage of autophagy between AS group and HC group to evaluate its value in the diagnosis of AS and the inflammatory state of the disease. Results:① Compared with the HC group, ATG2A [2.00(1.10, 2.70)×10 -3, 7.50(4.60, 10.0)×10 -3, Z=-6.67, P<0.001], ATG5 [3.60 (2.30, 5.30)×10 -3, 7.20(5.50, 9.20)×10 -3, Z=-3.63, P=0.001], LC3Ⅱ[25.70(8.50, 35.00)×10 -3, 52.20(45.00, 69.10)×10 -3, Z=-5.87, P<0.001] and ATG7[5.50(3.20, 8.10)×10 -3, 8.30(5.20, 9.80)×10 -3, Z=-2.38, P=0.017] the mRNA expressions were significantly decreased in the AS group. ②ATG5 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with platelet count ( r=-0.35, P=0.008), LC3-Ⅱ was negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate ( r=-0.33, P=0.017), ATG7 was positively correlated with absolute basophil count ( r=0.33, P=0.011),ATG10 was negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate and C-reactive protein (CRP) was negatively correlated ( r=-0.30, P=0.032). ③ The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of ATG2A mRNA expression level for predicting AS was 0.910, and the sensitivity and specificity were 94.6% and 83.8% respectively. ④ After 24 weeks of treatment with secukinumab, the mRNA expression levels of ATG2A[2.00(1.20, 2.90)×10 -3, 4.90(0.10, 7.40)×10 -3, Z=-3.75, P<0.001] and LC3-Ⅱ[2.00(1.20, 2.90)×10 -3, 4.90(0.10, 7.40)×10 -3, Z=-3.75, P<0.001]were elevated in the AS patients. Conclusion:Late autophagy-related genes ATG2A, ATG5, LC3II, ATG7 may be involved in AS development.The AUC of ATG2A in AS is 0.91, suggesting that ATG2a is expected to be a biological indicator for early diagnosis of AS. Secukinumab may be involved in the regulation of autophagy by affecting the expression of late autophagy genes, but the specific mechanism needs to be further explored.

To compare and analyze the clinical manifestations,laboratory characteristics,imaging findings,and treatment outcomes of patients with acute and chronic brucellosis,a retrospective analysis was conducted on 258 patients with brucellosis(202 in the acute group and 56 in the chronic group)hospitalized in Xinkang Hospital in Dalad Banner,Ordos City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,from November 2023 to November 2024.General data,epidemiological characteristics,clinical presentations,laboratory test results,imaging findings,treatment outcomes,and prognosis were collected.The incidences of fever(51.5%vs 7.1%),fatigue(30.2%vs 12.5%),joint pain(42.9%vs 16.1%),and muscle pain(9.9%vs.1.8%)were significantly higher in the acute phase group(all P<0.05).The incidence of osteoarthritis complications was higher in the chronic brucellosis group(51.8%vs 8.9%,χ2=75.697,P<0.01).Univariate ANOVA analysisshowed that the Serum Agglutination Tests(SAT),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),creatinine(CRE),C-reactive protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),and bone destructionexhibited statistically significant differences between the acute and chronic phases of brucellosis(all P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that abnormal ALT(OR=14.18,95%CI:1.11-181.72;P=0.041)and bone destruction(OR=0.16,95%CI:0.04-0.63;P=0.009)were associated with chronic brucellosis.After treatment,all patients experienced have symptom relief in varying degrees,with 157 patients(60.9%)cured and 101 patients(39.1%)symptomatic improved(P<0.01).In conclusion,the incidences of fever,fatigue,and joint pain in patients during the acute phase is significantly higher than that those in patients during the chronic phase,while the incidence of osteoarthritis complications is higher in chronic phase patients.The incidences of abnormal SAT,ALT,AST,TBIL,CRE,CRP,and ESR,and bone destruction varies at different stages of brucellosis.Of those,abnormal ALT and bone destruction show a stronger association with,which can assist the clinical staging of brucellosis.

Objective To explore the targeted regulatory relationship of miR-330-5p on OY-TES-1 in glioblastoma and the effect of miR-330-5p/OY-TES-1 axis on the migration ability of glioblastoma.Methods Bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze the expression level of miR-330-5p in patients with glioblastoma and its influence on prognosis and survival of patients.The glioblastoma cells U251 were divided into miR-330-5p minics group,minics-NC group,and miR-330-5p+OY-TES-1 overexpression group(miR-330-5p minics+pcDNA3.1-OY-TES-1).The effect of miR-330-5p on the activity of OY-TES-1 3'UTR region was detected by double luciferase reporter gene experiment.The expression of OY-TES-1 mRNA was detected by qRT-PCR.The effect of miR-330-5p/OY-TES-1 axis on the migration ability of glioblastoma cells was detected by Transwell migration assay.Results The expression of miR-330-5p in glioblastoma tissue was significantly lower than those in non-tumor brain tissue and low-grade glioma tissue(P<0.05).The survival time of glioblastoma patients with high expression of miR-330-5p was significantly longer than that of patients with low expression of miR-330-5p(P<0.05).After overexpression of miR-330-5p,the activity of OY-TES-1 3'UTR region was decreased(P<0.05).Compared with minics-NC group,the expression levels of OY-TES-1 mRNA of U251 and U87MG cells in miR-330-5p minics group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with minics-NC group,the numbers of migrating cells in miR-330-5p minics group and miR-330-5p+OY-TES-1 overexpression group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with miR-330-5p minics group,the number of migrating cells in miR-330-5p+OY-TES-1 overexpression group was significantly increased(P<0.01).Conclusion MiR-330-5p targets OY-TES-1 to inhibit the migration of glioblastoma.

Objective:To detect the expression of autophagy-related genes (ATGs) involved in the late stage of autophagy in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), analyze the difference and explore its possible clinical significance.Methods:① Peripheral blood specimens and clinical data were collected from 90 AS patients (AS group) who attended the outpatient clinic of the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from March 2022 to August 2023, among which 30 patients were treated with secukinumab monoclonal antibody for 24 weeks (the treatment group), and clinical data and peripheral blood specimens from 45 healthy individuals (the HC group) who had medical checkups in the Affiliated Hospital of Chuanbei Medical College during the same period were used as the control group. As the control group, the mRNA expression levels of six ATGs (ATG5, ATG7, LC3-Ⅱ, ATG4B, ATG2A, ATG10) involved in the late autophagy stage were detected in PBMCs of peripheral blood specimens by RT-qPCR, and were compared among different groups, and the measured data conformed to the normal distribution were analyzed using the paired t-test, and the abnormal distribution date were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for measurement data, and Spearman correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis. ② Receiver operating curve (ROC) was used to verify the difference in the expression of ATGs in the late stage of autophagy between AS group and HC group to evaluate its value in the diagnosis of AS and the inflammatory state of the disease. Results:① Compared with the HC group, ATG2A [2.00(1.10, 2.70)×10 -3, 7.50(4.60, 10.0)×10 -3, Z=-6.67, P<0.001], ATG5 [3.60 (2.30, 5.30)×10 -3, 7.20(5.50, 9.20)×10 -3, Z=-3.63, P=0.001], LC3Ⅱ[25.70(8.50, 35.00)×10 -3, 52.20(45.00, 69.10)×10 -3, Z=-5.87, P<0.001] and ATG7[5.50(3.20, 8.10)×10 -3, 8.30(5.20, 9.80)×10 -3, Z=-2.38, P=0.017] the mRNA expressions were significantly decreased in the AS group. ②ATG5 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with platelet count ( r=-0.35, P=0.008), LC3-Ⅱ was negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate ( r=-0.33, P=0.017), ATG7 was positively correlated with absolute basophil count ( r=0.33, P=0.011),ATG10 was negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate and C-reactive protein (CRP) was negatively correlated ( r=-0.30, P=0.032). ③ The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of ATG2A mRNA expression level for predicting AS was 0.910, and the sensitivity and specificity were 94.6% and 83.8% respectively. ④ After 24 weeks of treatment with secukinumab, the mRNA expression levels of ATG2A[2.00(1.20, 2.90)×10 -3, 4.90(0.10, 7.40)×10 -3, Z=-3.75, P<0.001] and LC3-Ⅱ[2.00(1.20, 2.90)×10 -3, 4.90(0.10, 7.40)×10 -3, Z=-3.75, P<0.001]were elevated in the AS patients. Conclusion:Late autophagy-related genes ATG2A, ATG5, LC3II, ATG7 may be involved in AS development.The AUC of ATG2A in AS is 0.91, suggesting that ATG2a is expected to be a biological indicator for early diagnosis of AS. Secukinumab may be involved in the regulation of autophagy by affecting the expression of late autophagy genes, but the specific mechanism needs to be further explored.

Objective This study aimed to compare the current Essen rabies post-exposure immunization schedule(0-3-7-14-28)in China and the simple 4-dose schedule(0-3-7-14)newly recommended by the World Health Organization in terms of their safety,efficacy,and protection. Methods Mice were vaccinated according to different immunization schedules,and blood was collected for detection of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies(RVNAs)on days 14,21,28,35,and 120 after the first immunization.Additionally,different groups of mice were injected with lethal doses of the CVS-11 virus on day 0,subjected to different rabies immunization schedules,and assessed for morbidity and death status.In a clinical trial,185 rabies-exposed individuals were selected for post-exposure vaccination according to the Essen schedule,and blood was collected for RVNAs detection on days 28 and 42 after the first immunization. Results A statistically significant difference in RVNAs between mice in the Essen and 0-3-7-14 schedule groups was observed on the 35th day(P<0.05).The groups 0-3-7-14,0-3-7-21,and 0-3-7-28 showed no statistically significant difference(P>0.05)in RVNAs levels at any time point.The post-exposure immune protective test showed that the survival rate of mice in the control group was 20%,whereas that in the immunization groups was 40%.In the clinical trial,the RVNAs positive conversion rates on days 28(14 days after 4 doses)and 42(14 days after 5 doses)were both 100%,and no significant difference in RVNAs levels was observed(P>0.05). Conclusion The simple 4-dose schedule can produce sufficient RVNAs levels,with no significant effect of a delayed fourth vaccine dose(14-28 d)on the immunization potential.