The digitization of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has generated vast amounts of data. However, these data are characterized by significant heterogeneity and complex semantic structures, posing substantial challenges for systematic integration and intelligent analysis, and limiting its potential for modern clinical and computational research. To address the challenges posed by the high heterogeneity and complex structure in TCM data, we designed and developed the TCM Data Hub platform, which is powered by the YiYuan large language models (LLMs). This platform aims to enhance intelligent data processing capabilities and unlock the potential for clinical application of TCM data through systematic integration and efficient utilization, thereby bridging the gap between traditional knowledge and modern computational research. This study first analyzed the heterogeneity and complexity of TCM information with respect to data types, structures, and semantics. A standardized data framework was constructed to enhance data integration and interoperability. Based on the TCM Intelligent Computing Platform of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, we trained the YiYuan LLMs to acquire domain-specific semantic understanding of TCM, thereby improving the platform’s comprehension of specialized terminology and knowledge systems. Leveraging the natural language processing capabilities of the LLMs, we developed a human-in-the-loop data processing system to enable efficient extraction, cleansing, and structured organization of TCM data. In addition, utilizing Vue and Java technologies, we developed multiple LLM-powered intelligent agents and systems, including a human-in-the-loop data processing system, as well as automated prescription mining and network pharmacology analysis agents. Task-specific agents tailored to TCM data processing were developed to enhance the model’s effectiveness in clinical knowledge discovery. System functionality and platform infrastructure were implemented using Java and Vue technologies.The TCM Data Hub platform has completed system construction and core functionality implementation. It supported integrated management and efficient access to 8 key types of TCM data: prescriptions, materia medica, ingredients, targets, diseases (Western medicine), diseases (TCM), syndromes, and therapeutic methods. The human-in-the-loop data processing system achieved an accuracy of 95.34% in structuring TCM data and supported annotation for data requiring manual labeling. The intelligent agent-driven big-data analytics module enabled 1-click, end-to-end workflows for TCM prescription mining, herb-syndrome association analysis, network pharmacology, and molecular biology research, completing a full data mining task in approximately 30 minutes. Users can interact with and manipulate data through a visual front-end interface. The system demonstrated stable performance, strong scalability, and a user-friendly experience. Empowered by the YiYuan LLMs, the TCM Data Hub platform significantly improves the accessibility, usability, and intelligence of TCM data. It effectively bridges traditional TCM knowledge with modern intelligent technologies, providing robust data support and intelligent tools for TCM research and clinical applications.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to observe the syndrome improvement and negative antigen conversion rate of Qingxuan Daozhi formula in the treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome）. MethodsThrough a multi-center randomized controlled methodology design，confirmed influenza cases were collected from October 2022 to April 2023 in the pediatrics department of eight hospitals，such as Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. A total of 180 children with influenza and heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome conforming to the standard were recruited through the clinic. The sick children meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into groups by a block-randomized method. The children in the experimental group were treated with Qingxuan Daozhi formula for five days，and those in the control group were treated with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules for five days. The primary efficacy indicator was the negative conversion rate of influenza antigen detection. Secondary efficacy indicators were the Canadian acute respiratory illness and flu scale （CARIFS） and the incidence of complications，severe cases， and critical cases. Follow-up observation was conducted on the day of enrollment，48 hours after medication，72 hours after medication， and （6+1） d after medication. ResultsOne hundred and eighty participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group （90 cases） or the control group （90 cases）. All participants were followed up during the study. Comparison of influenza antigen detection results in the primary efficacy indicators showed that the average time of negative influenza antigen conversion in the experimental group was （5.29±1.25） d，and that in the control group was （5.40±1.68） d，without a statistically significant difference. After five days of intervention，52 cases in the experimental group and 51 cases in the control group converted to negative，without a statistically significant difference. CARIFS score results in the secondary efficacy indicators showed that during 72 hours after intervention，there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in three dimensions， including headache，muscle soreness， and the need for extra care （P<0.05）. On the （6+1） days after the intervention，the differences in both the experimental group and the control group were statistically significant in 10 dimensions， including sore throat，bad sleep，uncomfortable feeling，poor spirit and fatigue，crying more than usual，the need for extra care，symptom，function，influence on parents，and total score （P<0.05）. The comparison results within the group in the dimensional scores of symptom， function， and influence on parents，as well as the CARIFS total score showed that with the delay of follow-up time，scores of both groups decreased significantly，with a statistically significant difference （P<0.01）. Inter-group comparison results showed that the mean score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at the time of enrollment. With the progress of intervention，the score of the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. At the end of follow-up，the mean score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group，with no statistically significant difference. In terms of the incidence of complications，severe cases， and critical cases， there were no complications，severe cases， and critical cases in the two groups，without a statistically significant difference. ConclusionThe symptom improvement effect and negative antigen conversion rate of Qingxuan Daozhi formula in the treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome） are not inferior to Oseltamivir Phosphate granules， and children's acceptance is better. It can be more widely used in clinical treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome）.

Objective To examine the impact of extreme temperature and drought stress on the survival of Bulinus globosus, so as to provide the theoretical evidence for the genomic research of Bulinus in absence of reference genes. Methods B. globosus snail samples were collected from Kiwani Shehia in Pemba Island, Zanzibar, Tanzania, and offspring snails were obtained through laboratory breeding and reproduction. A total of 120 10-week-old B. globosus snails from the same generation were selected and randomly assigned into four groups, including the high-temperature drought (HD) group, normal temperature drought (D) group, low-temperature drought (LD) group, and the control (C) group, of 30 snails in each group. Snails in HD, D, and LD groups were placed in beakers containing dry soil at the bottom and subsequently housed in climate chambers at 35, 26 ℃, and 10 ℃, respectively, while snails in Group C were maintained in 500 mL petri dishes containing dechlorinated tap water at 26 ℃. Following 3 days of breeding, living snails in each group were collected, and soft tissues were dissected and isolated. Total RNA was extracted from snail soft tissues for library construction, followed by high-throughput sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 4000 sequencing system. De novo transcriptome assembly was performed using the Trinity software, and the longest transcripts were selected as unigenes. Gene functional annotations of unigenes were conducted using the Diamond software against Gene Ontology (GO) knowledgebase, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database, NCBI non-redundant (NR) protein sequences database, Protein Family (Pfam) database, and UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (Swiss-Prot) knowledgebase. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were performed using the topGO and clusterProfiler software, respectively. In addition, four relevant genes were selected for validation using a real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) assay to verify the reliability of transcriptome sequencing results. Results Following 3 days of breeding, there were 7, 20, 28, and 30 survival B. globosus snails in HD, LD, D, and C groups, with corresponding survival rates of 23.33% (7/30), 66.67% (20/30), 93.33% (28/30), and 100.00% (30/30), respectively (χ² = 52.72, P < 0.001). De novo transcriptome assembly generated 176 942 unigenes, with annotation rates of 0.98%, 13.49%, 26.46%, 12.48%, and 14.39% against GO knowledgebase, KEGG pathway database, NR protein sequences database, Pfam database, and Swiss-Prot knowledgebase, respectively. There were 33 up-regulated and 72 down-regulated genes in Group D, 483 up-regulated and 815 down-regulated genes in Group HD, and 245 up-regulated and 172 down-regulated genes in Group LD relative to in Group C. Following removal of overlapping genes across groups and unmatched genes, 11 candidate genes were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed 3 heat shock protein (HSP)-related DEGs in these 11 candidate genes, which were annotated as HSP12.2, HSP70, and HSP20 genes and were all significantly up-regulated in each treatment group. Three immune and nervous system-related DEGs were identified, and were all significantly down-regulated in each treatment group, which were involved in the neural cell adhesion molecule L1-like protein pathway, fibrinogen binding protein pathway, and leukocyte elastase inhibitor-like protein pathway. qRT-PCR assay quantified that the expression trends of four genes related to temperature and drought stress across different treatment groups were highly consistent with transcriptome sequencing data. Conclusion The survival rate of B. globosus significantly reduces under combined stresses of extreme temperature and drought, possibly due to an imbalance in its cellular homeostasis regulatory system.

Chronic liver diseases are a group of diseases in which the liver is subjected to a variety of injuries over a long period of time， resulting in irreversible pathological changes that last longer than 6 months. Emodin （EMO） is a natural anthraquinone derivative derived from Rheum officinale， and its pharmacological effect has been extensively studied， exhibiting a variety of biological properties and involving multiple signaling molecules and pathways. Western medicine or surgical treatment is currently the main treatment regimen for chronic liver diseases， and the advance in treatment is limited by various reasons such as side effects and high costs. Due to its natural origin and efficacy， EMO has unique advantages in the treatment of chronic liver diseases and has now become a research hotspot. This article summarizes the therapeutic effect of EMO on chronic liver diseases and its mechanism， in order to provide a certain scientific basis for the traditional Chinese medicine treatment of chronic liver diseases and the development of drugs in clinical practice.

In recent years， the incidence of depression among adolescents has increased significantly， becoming a serious global public health problem. There is a close relationship between adolescent depression and lipid metabolism abnormalities. However， the mechanisms underlying this association have not been fully elucidated. This article provides a review of the mechanisms and interventions linking adolescent depression and lipid metabolism abnormalities， aiming to offer new ideas for interventions in adolescent depression. Using computerized searches of the China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang Data， PubMed， and Web of Science， studies on the mechanisms and interventions related to adolescent depression and lipid metabolism were collected， with the search period extending up to October 10， 2025. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and extracted basic information from the included studies. A total of 12 original studies were included. The results indicate that adolescent depression is associated with certain lipid metabolites. Neurobiological factors， immune inflammation， oxidative stress， and gut microbiota imbalance play important roles in this association. In addition， lipid metabolites such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids （ω-3 PUFAs） have a significant ameliorating effect on adolescent depression. ［Funded by Shenzhen Fund for Guangdong Provincial High-level Clinical Key Specialties （number， SZGSP013）； Shenzhen Science and Technology Program （number， 20210617155253001）］

ObjectiveTo construct a risk prediction model for carotid artery plaques in high-risk populations of stroke based on five machine learning methods. MethodsThe clinical information of the high-risk population of stroke was collected. Factor analysis and statistical analysis of syndrome elements were conducted on their traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptoms and tongue and pulse manifestations. On the basis of the results of factor analysis and variable screening， five machine learning methods-classification and regression tree （CART） decision tree， support vector machine （SVM）， back propagation（BP） neural network， logistic regression， and random forest-were used to construct the risk prediction model for carotid artery plaques. ResultsThe most common TCM syndrome elements in the high-risk population of stroke was Qi deficiency. The scores of Qi deficiency， Yin deficiency， and Yang deficiency in the population with carotid artery plaques were higher than those without carotid artery plaques （P<0.05）. The CART decision tree， SVM， logistic regression， BP neural network， and random forest models showed the areas under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves of 0.71， 0.75， 0.76， 0.76， and 0.75， the accuracy rates of 68.94%， 69.27%， 69.44%， 70.10%， and 69.60%， the precision rates of 68.56%， 68.53%， 68.75%， 69.74%， and 69.42%， the recall rates of 68.91%， 67.93%， 67.92%， 68.10%， and 67.31%， and the F₁ values of 0.69， 0.68， 0.68， 0.68， and 0.68， respectively. ConclusionAmong the high-risk population of stroke， the most frequently distributed TCM syndrome element is Qi deficiency， with the rest mainly being fire heat， Yin deficiency， Yang deficiency， phlegm dampness， blood stasis， and Qi stagnation. Deficiency syndrome may be a major factor leading to carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke. The BP neural network model demonstrates better performance in predicting the risk of carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke. People with carotid artery plaques are more likely to present with symptoms such as a heavy head， dizziness， headache， and thready pulse. The primary community benefits more widely when the BP neural network model is adopted to predict the risk of carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke over 40 years old.

ObjectiveTo construct a risk prediction model for carotid artery plaques in high-risk populations of stroke based on five machine learning methods. MethodsThe clinical information of the high-risk population of stroke was collected. Factor analysis and statistical analysis of syndrome elements were conducted on their traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） symptoms and tongue and pulse manifestations. On the basis of the results of factor analysis and variable screening， five machine learning methods-classification and regression tree （CART） decision tree， support vector machine （SVM）， back propagation（BP） neural network， logistic regression， and random forest-were used to construct the risk prediction model for carotid artery plaques. ResultsThe most common TCM syndrome elements in the high-risk population of stroke was Qi deficiency. The scores of Qi deficiency， Yin deficiency， and Yang deficiency in the population with carotid artery plaques were higher than those without carotid artery plaques （P<0.05）. The CART decision tree， SVM， logistic regression， BP neural network， and random forest models showed the areas under the receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves of 0.71， 0.75， 0.76， 0.76， and 0.75， the accuracy rates of 68.94%， 69.27%， 69.44%， 70.10%， and 69.60%， the precision rates of 68.56%， 68.53%， 68.75%， 69.74%， and 69.42%， the recall rates of 68.91%， 67.93%， 67.92%， 68.10%， and 67.31%， and the F₁ values of 0.69， 0.68， 0.68， 0.68， and 0.68， respectively. ConclusionAmong the high-risk population of stroke， the most frequently distributed TCM syndrome element is Qi deficiency， with the rest mainly being fire heat， Yin deficiency， Yang deficiency， phlegm dampness， blood stasis， and Qi stagnation. Deficiency syndrome may be a major factor leading to carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke. The BP neural network model demonstrates better performance in predicting the risk of carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke. People with carotid artery plaques are more likely to present with symptoms such as a heavy head， dizziness， headache， and thready pulse. The primary community benefits more widely when the BP neural network model is adopted to predict the risk of carotid artery plaques in the high-risk population of stroke over 40 years old.

Objective To describe the application related to mobile health(mHealth)technology in cognitive rehabilitation of stroke patients,aiming to identify the types of mHealth technologies,intervention content,and outcome measures,so as to provide references for future research.Methods According to the methodological framework of the scoping review,we systematically searched relevant studies in Chinese and English databases.The retrieval time was from establishment of databases to February 16,2025.Data extraction and meta-analysis were performed on the included literature.Results Totally 28 studies were finally included,involving 5 intervention types,including APP,VR combined with APP,the internet platform,VR integrated with the internet platform and telerehabilitation system.The content elements of the intervention included cognitive training,remote cognitive assessment,monitoring and reminders and health guidance.Conclusion The intervention types based on mHealth technology are diverse and the intervention strategies are rich,which can effectively improve the cognitive function of patients.It is necessary to conduct large-sample,high-quality and long-term follow-up studies to provide higher quality evidence support for this field in the future.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological features,differential diagnosis,and prognosis of breast carcinoma within fibroadenoma(FA).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and imaging data of 21 cases of FA-associated carcinoma.HE staining,immunohistochemistry using the EnVision method,and next-generation sequencing were employed to assess the clinicopathological characteristics and genetic alterations,with a review of the relevant literature.Results All patients were female,aged 21-67 years,with a median age of 48 years.Clinically,all lesions presented with well-circumscribed mass lesions.On imaging,12 cases demonstrated punctate or coarse calcifications,while 3 cases exhibited locally indistinct margins.Pathological examination revealed that the tumors had an average maximum diameter of 2.25 cm,with a gray-white nodular cut surface resembling FA.Microscopically,there was proliferation of either epithelial or spindle cells.The pathological diagnosis was FA-associat-ed in situ carcinoma in 16 cases(15 cases of low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ and 1 case of lobular carcinoma in si-tu),and invasive carcinoma in 5 cases(comprising 2 cases of invasive carcinoma-no special type,1 case of invasive lobular carcinoma,1 case of low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma and 1 case of fibromatosis-like metaplastic carcino-ma).In 18 cases,the carcinoma was confined within the FA,whereas in 3 cases the tumor locally extended beyond the FA,and 1 case exhibited ipsilateral axillary lymph node metastasis.Immunophenotypically,tumor cells in in situ carcinomas were negative for CK5/6,while the myoepithelial cells were p63-positive,and both estrogen receptor(ER)and progesterone receptor(PR)were diffusely and consistently positive.In invasive carcinoma,both ductal and lobular subtypes were ER and PR positive and HER2 negative.Conversely,in the low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma and fi-bromatosis-like metaplastic carcinoma,ER,PR,and HER2 were all negative,with p63 and CK5/6 positivity.Two ca-ses were negative for mismatch repair protein PMS2.Six cases had a family or personal history of malignant tumors;a-mong the 5 cases that underwent next-generation sequencing,2 cases harbored germline BRCA2 mutations,2 cases had germline PMS2 mutations,and 1 case exhibited no definitive genetic alteration.Conclusion Carcinoma arising within FA exhibits atypical clinical and imaging features.In patients with high-risk factors for breast cancer or family history of malignancy,or when calcifications are observed on imaging,prompt excision and biopsy are recommended.Recogniz-ing the abnormal morphology within FA and the use of immunohistochemistry are essential for accurate diagnosis,with careful differentiation from spindle cell metaplastic carcinoma and low-grade adenosquamous carcinoma.Overall,the prognosis is relatively favorable,and treatment should be tailored according to tumor type,molecular subtype,and stage.