To thoroughly implement the strategic deployment outlined in the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovative Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine regarding research on dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine and to uphold the development philosophy of equal emphasis on traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine，the China Association of Chinese Medicine has fully played a leading academic role by systematically organizing and conducting a series of academic youth salons on clinical dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine. On September 13，2024，the 36^th Youth Salon on Clinical Dominant Diseases was successfully held in Nanjing，focusing on the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and the integrative traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction （ED）. The conference brought together leading experts from traditional Chinese medicine，western medicine，and interdisciplinary fields，facilitating in-depth multidisciplinary discussions that led to key consensus on optimizing traditional Chinese medicine treatment protocols for ED，researching and developing new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine，and advancing interdisciplinary development in traditional Chinese medicine. This salon systematically sorted out the clinical strengths and distinctive features of traditional Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of ED. Based on current research foundations and clinical needs，it identified key directions for future scientific layout and scientific research tackling： （1） Standardization of syndrome differentiation system of traditional Chinese medicine for ED. （2） Optimization and standardization of intervention methods of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. （3） High-quality clinical research guided by evidence-based medicine. （4） In-depth analysis of the pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of ED. （5） Clinical translation and application promotion of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine. （6） Interdisciplinary integration and innovation in traditional Chinese medicine. For each research direction，key focus areas，expected objectives，and clinical value were further refined，along with the establishment of a scientifically sound priority funding level evaluation system. Therefore，building on the series of salons on the ED-focused dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine，this paper provides standardized guidance for clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine in ED management，effectively contributing to the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine. It serves as a valuable reference for national scientific and technological strategic layout， research and development decision-making in new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine，research topic planning，and clinical guideline formulation.

Objective:To investigate the consistency and sensitivity of minimal residual disease (MRD) detected by multicolor flow cytometry (FCM) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accompanied by monocytic differentiation after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted. A total of 218 patients diagnosed with AML accompanied by monocytic differentiation who underwent allo-HSCT in Peking University People's Hospital between January 2017 and December 2021 were included. MRD was detected by using bone marrow FCM and RQ-PCR at predefined intervals (at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4.5-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month before and after transplantation). Patients were grouped based on AML-related specific genes, and dynamic changes in MRD results detected by FCM and RQ-PCR after transplantation were analyzed to evaluate the correlation with post-transplant relapse.Results:A total of 218 enrolled patients included 114 males and 106 females, with the median age of 32 years (1-65 years). The median follow-up duration was 218 d (21-1 541 d). Hematologic relapse occurred in 26 patients (12.7%), with a median relapse time of 272 d (83-934 d); 35 patients (15.9%) died, including 15 (6.9%) due to leukemia relapse and 20 (9.2%) due to transplant-related mortality. Predictive markers for relapse included once WT1 positive (WT1+once), twice WT1 positive (WT1+twice), CBFβ::MYH11 fusion genes positive, mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-related fusion genes positive, AML1::ETO fusion genes positive, and once FCM positive (FCM+once), twice FCM positive (FCM+twice). The overall consistency rate between FCM and RQ-PCR for MRD detection in AML patients accompanied by monocytic differentiation after transplantation was 75.7% (165/218). The consistency rate of MRD detection results in WT1+once, WT1+ twice, MLL-related fusion gene positive, and NPM1 gene mutation positive with FCM was higher than the average value (>75.7%), while the consistency rate of MRD detection results in AML1::ETO and CBFβ::MYH11 fusion gene positive with FCM was lower than the average value (<75.7%). Notably, persistent low-level positivity without relapse after transplantation occurred in cases with WT1 (15 patients), NPM1 (2 patients), CBFβ::MYH11 (11 patients), or AML1::ETO (2 patients); in contrast, MLL-related fusion genes (particularly MLL::AF6 and MLL::AF9) positive after transplantation indicated relapse in patients. The sensitivity and specificity of RQ-PCR for MRD monitoring varied by genetic markers: WT1+once and WT1+twice (sensitivity: 66.7%, 50.0%; specificity: 84.5%, 91.1%, respectively), AML1::ETO (sensitivity: 100.0%; specificity: 50.0%), CBFβ::MYH11 (sensitivity: 100.0%; specificity: 58.6%), MLL-related fusion genes (sensitivity: 75.0%; specificity: 96.4%), and NPM1 (sensitivity: 75.0%; specificity: 91.7%).Conclusions:The sensitivity and specificity of AML-related genetic markers for recurrence prediction show differences. Discrepancies between RQ-PCR and FCM in MRD detection are notable in AML with monocytic differentiation after transplantation. FCM exhibits relatively lower sensitivity for MRD monitoring in this subtype, while RQ-PCR based on AML-related genes may compensate for FCM limitations.

Objective To explore the mechanism of action of mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)of alveolar epithelial type Ⅱ cells(AECⅡ)in silicotic fibrosis.Methods This study was divided into the animal experiment and cell experiment.Animal experiment:twenty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the saline group(n=14)and the silicosis model group(n=14),which were given 50 μL of sterile saline and 50 μL of 50 mg/mL of SiO2 suspension by tracheal perfusion respectively.HE staining and Masson staining were performed to observe the histopathological changes of mouse lung tissues after sampling with the exposure of 28 days and 56 days,and Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of functional proteins of pulmonary surfactant protein-D(SP-D),and Krebs von den Lungen-6(KL-6),and fibrotic protein of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)in mouse lung tissues.Cell experiment:AECⅡ cell line of A549 was exposed to different concentrations of SiO2 suspension.CCK-8 was used to detect cell viability,DAPI staining was used to observe cell apoptosis,Western blot was used to detect related protein expression,JC-1 was used to detect the changes of mitochondrial membrane potential,and RT-qPCR was used to detect mtDNA levels in whole cells,mitochondria,cytoplasm and supernatant.The expression levels of related proteins in AECⅡ were detected by Western blot after cleared mtDNA by DnaseⅠ.Results Histopathological examination of lung tissues showed that SiO2 exposure led to damage in mice lung tissues,with infiltration of inflammatory cell,silica nodules,and a significant increase of collagen fibers.After SiO2 exposure,the protein expressions of SP-D,KL-6 and TGF-β1 in lung tissues were up-regulated(P<0.05).DAPI staining and CCK-8 results showed a reduced activity and impaired apoptosis of AECⅡ after treated with 400 and 800 μg/mL SiO2.JC-1 assay results demonstrated that exposure to 800 μg/mL SiO2 caused a decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential in AECⅡ(P<0.05).RT-qPCR results showed that 800 μg/mL SiO2 exposure led to increased mtDNA levels in the cytoplasm and supernatant of AECⅡ(P<0.05).Western blot results showed that 800 μg/mL SiO2 exposure caused an increase in the levels of SP-D,KL-6,and TGF-β1 proteins,while which were ameliorated by Dnase Ⅰ treatment.Conclusion SiO2 exposure results in the escape and release of AECⅡ mtDNA and dysfunction of AECⅡ,thereby leading to the development of pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective To design a training device of the flight crew for plateau normobaric low-oxygen acclimatization so as to enhance the flight crew's ability to adapt to the low oxygen environment after rushing into the plateau and reduce the incidence of acute plateau reaction.Methods The training device comprised a plateau environment simulation controller,a multimodal physiological acquisition system and hypoxia exercise training evaluation software.The plateau environment simulation controller was composed of an environment monitor for plateau acclimatization,two composite sensor sets,a control valve and an alarm device;the multimodal physiological acquisition system was made up of 20 groups of vital signs acquisi-tion devices,with a wearable dynamic ECG and respiration recorder,a wrist oximeter and an arm sphygmomano-meter included in each group.The hypoxia exercise training evaluation software was developed with a B/S architecture,Java language and JetBrains 2020.3.Results The training device proved to have the simulation altitude ranging from 0 to 6 000 m and facilitated simultaneous training of 20 persons for normobaric low-oxygen acclimatization,screening for hypoxia endurance,real-time monitoring of physiological parameters and assessment of training effect,with none of the trainees having acute plateau reaction.Conclusion The training device assists the flight crew for plateau normobaric low-oxygen acclimatization,and can be used for acclimatization training before plateau missions.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(8):18-24]

The advancement of surgical techniques enables effective treatment for many patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors.How-ever,post-surgery problems such as chewing,swallowing and speech difficulty may arise due to the defects in speech organs and inade-quate compensatory function of tissue flap repair.Speech disorders,in particular,isolate patients by making it difficult for them to com-municate with others,not only impact their quality of life but also potentially lead to psychological problems and social interaction disor-ders.Although the decline in life quality and other related issues caused by speech dysfunction due to surgery and radiotherapy or chemo-therapy have been widely recognized,there is currently no standardized and universally applicable assessment method and standardized re-habilitation treatment management guideline or consensus for speech disorders following oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery at home and abroad.Based on previous clinical practice,combined with the characteristics of speech disorders in patients after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery,the clinical experience of the experts in maxillofacial tumor surgery and rehabilitation and the relevant domestic and foreign literature,relevant experts organized discussions and modifications,reach a consensus on core content such as the assessment of speech disorders and the implementation plan for early rehabilitation treatment management,providing a reference for clinical practice,in order to improve patients'speech-related life quality and enhance the assessment and rehabilitation treatment techniques for speech disorders after oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery.

Objective:To investigate effect of LncRNA C-terminal binding protein 1 antisense RNA 2(CTBP1-AS2)on malig-nant biological behavior of acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cells by regulating miR-433-3p/dipeptidyl peptidase 8(DPP8)signaling axis.Methods:AML cells HL-60 were randomly separated into si-NC group,si-CTBP1-AS2 group,si-CTBP1-AS2+anti-NC group,and si-CTBP1-AS2+anti-miR-433-3p group.CCK-8 method and EdU staining were applied to detect HL-60 cell proliferation.Flow cytometry was applied to detect HL-60 cells apoptosis.Transwell was applied to detect migration and invasion of HL-60 cells.Western blot was applied to detect expressions of PCNA,Bax,MMP-9 and DPP8 proteins in HL-60 cells.ELISA was applied to detect expres-sions of IFN-γ and IL-1β.Dual luciferase reporter gene experiment was applied to analyze interaction between LncRNA CTBP1-AS2 and miR-433-3p,and between miR-433-3p and DPP8.Results:Expressions of LncRNA CTBP1-AS2,DPP8 mRNA,A450,EdU posi-tive cells,number of migrating cells,number of invading cells,PCNA protein,MMP-9 protein,DPP8 protein and IL-1β protein ex-pressions of HL-60 cells in si-CTBP1-AS2 group were lower than si-NC group,miR-433-3p expression,apoptosis rate,Bax protein and IFN-γ protein expressions were higher than si-NC group(P<0.05).Compared with si-CTBP1-AS2 group and si-CTBP1-AS2+anti-NC group,miR-433-3p expression,apoptosis rate,and expressions of Bax protein and IFN-γ protein in si-CTBP1-AS2+anti-miR-433-3p group were decreased,DPP8 mRNA,A450,EdU positive cells,number of migrating cells,number of invading cells,PCNA protein,MMP-9 protein,DPP8 protein and IL-1β protein expressions were increased(P<0.05).LncRNA CTBP1-AS2 targeted negative regula-tion of miR-433-3p,while miR-433-3p targeted negative regulation of DPP8.Conclusion:Knocking down LncRNA CTBP1-AS2 may inhibit malignant biological behavior of AML cells,whose mechanism may be achieved by regulating miR-433-3p/DPP8 signaling axis.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging tick-borne infectious disease with a high mortality rate. Many countries worldwide have already reported local transmission, and the number of reported cases has been increasing yearly, with an ever-expanding region. No specific treatment drugs or vaccines have seriously threatened public health safety in epidemic regions. This article reviews the epidemiological characteristics, transmission routes, and control measures of SFTS.

Objective:To investigate the staging criteria of renal tuberculosis，and to analyze the diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics as well as prognostic outcomes at different stages.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 134 patients with renal tuberculosis who were admitted to the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University between January 2019 and December 2023.The study cohort included 62 males and 72 females，with a mean age of（46.63 ± 13.52）years and a mean body mass index（BMI）of（22.85 ± 3.73）kg/m 2. A total of 107 patients resided in rural areas. Sixty patients had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculous lesions were located in the left kidney in 72 cases and in the right kidney in 62 cases. The main presenting complaints included irritative lower urinary tract symptoms in 85 patients and systemic symptoms in 92 patients. Ureteral involvement was observed in 97 patients，bladder involvement in 32 patients，and genital involvement in 9 patients. Based on computed tomography（CT）findings，the number，extent，and degree of renal destruction caused by tuberculous lesions were comprehensively evaluated in axial，coronal，and sagittal planes. The primary staging criteria included lesion diameter（2 cm）and the proportion of renal volume involved by the lesion（one-third，one-half，and two-thirds）. Renal tuberculosis was classified into three stages and six subtypes：Stage Ⅰa，a solitary lesion with a diameter ≤ 2 cm；Stage Ⅰb，a solitary lesion >2 cm or multiple lesions confined within one-third of the renal volume；Stage Ⅱa，lesions involving more than one-third but confined within one-half of the renal volume；Stage Ⅱb，lesions involving more than one-half but confined within two-thirds of the renal volume；Stage Ⅲa，lesions involving more than two-thirds of the renal volume with a glomerular filtration rate（GFR）of the affected kidney <10 ml/min；and Stage Ⅲb，complete renal calcification，presenting as an “autonephrectomy”. Among the 134 patients included in this study，7 were classified as Stage Ⅰa，17 as Stage Ⅰb，20 as Stage Ⅱa，19 as Stage Ⅱb，62 as Stage Ⅲa，and 9 as Stage Ⅲb. The severity of hydronephrosis was graded as follows：mild，renal pelvic separation <2 cm；moderate，2-3 cm；and severe，>3 cm. Prior to treatment，the mean renal pelvic separation was（1.76 ± 0.92）cm in Stage Ⅰa，（1.69 ± 0.81）cm in Stage Ⅰb，and（1.10 ± 0.82）cm in Stage Ⅱa，corresponding to mild to moderate hydronephrosis. All 7 patients in Stage Ⅰa underwent ureteroscopic examination and double-J stent placement，combined with a 6-month short-course anti-tuberculosis regimen consisting of isoniazid，rifampicin，pyrazinamide，and ethambutol for 2 months（intensive phase），followed by isoniazid and rifampicin for 4 months（continuation phase）. Among the 17 patients in Stage Ⅰb，13 presented with hydronephrosis and underwent ureteroscopic examination and double-J stent placement in combination with 6 months of anti-tuberculosis therapy，while 4 patients with isolated renal tuberculosis received anti-tuberculosis therapy alone for 6 months.Of the 20 patients in Stage Ⅱa，4 with hydronephrosis underwent ureteroscopic examination and double-J stent placement plus 6 months of anti-tuberculosis therapy，whereas 16 underwent nephroureterectomy. All 19 patients in Stage Ⅱb underwent nephroureterectomy. Among the 62 patients in Stage Ⅲa，60 underwent nephroureterectomy，while 2 refused surgery and were treated with the 6-month short-course anti-tuberculosis regimen. Of the 9 patients in Stage Ⅲb，8 underwent nephroureterectomy；in 1 patient，surgery was not performed due to severe adhesions in the operative field，and the patient received the 6-month short-course anti-tuberculosis regimen instead. Follow-up assessments included clinical symptoms，erythrocyte sedimentation rate（ESR），serum creatinine，degree of renal pelvic separation，and imaging findings from urinary tract CT. Efficacy was evaluated according to the following criteria：Cure was defined as clinical stability with all of the following conditions：① improvement of systemic symptoms，including absence of flank pain，fever，and lower urinary tract irritative symptoms，with normalization of erythrocyte sedimentation rate（ESR）；② negative urine culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis；and ③ complete calcification of renal lesions and/or no evidence of tuberculous lesions at other sites. Stable disease was defined as no change in the size or extent of renal tuberculosis lesions. Progressive disease was defined as enlargement or increase in the number of tuberculous lesions or involvement of additional sites. Results:Among the 7 patients in Stage Ⅰa，follow-up imaging after treatment showed a mean renal pelvic separation of（0.44 ± 0.56）cm，which was significantly reduced compared with baseline（ t = 3.909， P = 0.008）. Five patients achieved cure，1 remained stable，and 1 showed disease progression and subsequently underwent nephroureterectomy，resulting in postoperative cure. In Stage Ⅰb，among 13 patients with hydronephrosis，post-treatment imaging showed a mean renal pelvic separation of（0.8 ± 0.75）cm，a statistically significant improvement from baseline（ t = 5.633， P < 0.01）. Six patients were cured，4 remained stable，and 3 experienced disease progression and underwent nephroureterectomy. Of the 4 patients with isolated renal tuberculosis，2 were controlled，and 2 progressed and underwent nephroureterectomy. In Stage Ⅱa，among 4 patients with tuberculous hydronephrosis，post-treatment renal pelvic separation was（1.20±0.98）cm，with no significant difference from baseline（ t = -1.675， P = 0.193）；these patients underwent nephroureterectomy 1-2 years later. The remaining 16 patients without hydronephrosis underwent nephroureterectomy and were cured. All 19 patients in Stage Ⅱb underwent nephroureterectomy；17 were cured，and 2 developed ipsilateral perirenal fluid collections 3 months postoperatively，which resolved spontaneously with the standard 6-month anti-tuberculosis regimen. Among 62 patients in Stage Ⅲa，60 underwent nephroureterectomy. Of these，54 were cured；1 developed a urinary tract infection within 2 weeks postoperatively；3 showed contralateral renal disease progression at 3 months；and 1 developed ipsilateral perirenal fluid at 3 months，which resolved spontaneously with standard anti-tuberculosis therapy. One patient developed solitary kidney failure 7 months postoperatively and underwent ureteral stent placement，with disease remaining stable thereafter. Two patients refused surgery and received only anti-tuberculosis therapy；during follow-up，1 patient experienced disease progression and died of disseminated tuberculosis after 1 year，while the other developed contralateral renal involvement at 3 months and received standard 6-month therapy，with disease remaining stable. Among 9 patients in Stage Ⅲb，8 underwent nephroureterectomy and were cured. One patient，with severe adhesions precluding surgery，received anti-tuberculosis therapy alone，and disease remained stable over a 2-year follow-up. Conclusions:The CT-based staging system for renal tuberculosis proposed in this study（three stages and six subtypes）effectively reflects the severity of renal lesions and clearly delineates the clinical characteristics and prognostic outcomes at each stage. Stage Ⅰ patients treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs combined with double-J stent placement demonstrated favorable outcomes and high renal preservation rates. In contrast，Stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients showed poor responses to anti-tuberculosis therapy combined with drainage，with a higher risk of disease progression and relatively worse prognosis，highlighting the recommendation for early nephroureterectomy of the affected kidney.

Objective:To investigate the effects of a single intravenous injection of low-dose esketamine during cesarean section on postpartum depression in primiparas.Methods:This study is a prospective randomized controlled trial involving 106 primiparas who underwent scheduled intrathecal anesthesia for cesarean section at Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023. The participants were randomly assigned to either the control group or the observation group, with 53 women in each group, using a random number table method. Both groups received the same type and method of anesthesia. In the observation group, 5 minutes after the delivery of the fetus and the clamping of the umbilical cord, a low dose of esketamine (0.2 mg/kg, dissolved in 10 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection) was administered intravenously. The control group received an equivalent volume of 0.9% sodium chloride injection as a placebo. The score of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at various postpartum time intervals (3, 7, 14, 30, and 42 days), the incidence of postpartum depression, and any adverse drug reactions occurring within 3 days postoperatively were compared between the two groups. Additionally, the score of the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for contraction pain was assessed.Results:The scores of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in the observation group at 3, 7, 14, 30, and 42 days postpartum were (6.23 ± 1.21), (5.82 ± 1.77), (6.14 ± 1.20), (5.33 ± 1.19), and (6.01 ± 1.23), respectively. These scores were significantly lower than those in the control group [(8.99 ± 1.28), (8.91 ± 2.11), (9.03 ± 1.94), (10.40 ± 2.68), (9.28 ± 1.84), t = 11.40, 8.16, 9.22, 12.58, 10.75, all P < 0.001]. The incidence of postpartum depression in the observation group at 7 and 14 days postpartum was significantly lower than that in the control group [3.77% (2/53) vs. 16.98% (9/53), 3.77% (2/53) vs. 15.09% (8/53), χ2 = 4.97, 3.97, P = 0.026, 0.046]. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse drug reactions within 3 days postoperatively between the two groups of women who underwent scheduled intrathecal anesthesia for cesarean section [15.09% (8/53) vs. 11.32% (6/53), χ2 = 0.32, P = 0.566]. The scores of the Visual Analog Scale for contraction pain in the observation group at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively were (2.13 ± 0.28), (2.55 ± 0.33), (2.73 ± 0.35), and (3.06 ± 0.37), respectively. These scores were significantly lower than those in the control group [(4.35 ± 0.46), (5.43 ± 0.36), (5.68 ± 0.35), (5.26 ± 0.43), t = 30.01, 42.93, 43.38, 28.23, all P < 0.001]. Conclusions:A single intravenous injection of low-dose esketamine during cesarean section can effectively alleviate emotional distress in primiparas in the short term after surgery, which has significant clinical implications for reducing the incidence of postpartum depression.

Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma(OPSCC)is a malignant tumor originating from the squamous epithelium of the oro-pharyngeal mucosa,accounting for more than 90％of oropharyngeal malignancies.In recent years,human papillomavirus(HPV)infec-tion has become one of the primary etiological factors of oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma.The incidence of HPV-associated oropharyn-geal squamous carcinoma has been rising annually,with a noticeable trend toward younger populations,posing a significant threat to hu-man health.Due to the distinct biological behavior and clinical characteristics of HPV-associated oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma com-pared to its non-HPV-related counterpart,the diagnostic and treatment strategies for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma have undergone substantial changes.Prevention and screening for oropharyngeal squamous carcinoma are of critical importance.The diagnostic and treat-ment process involves multi-disciplinary collaboration,including oral and maxillofacial surgery,otolaryngology,head and neck surgery,oncology,radiology and pathology.Based on evidence from clinical practice,a comprehensive,integrated diagnostic and therapeutic ap-proach has been established,centered around the concept of"prevention,screening,diagnosis,treatment,and rehabilitation",covering the entire patient lifecycle and providing a valuable reference for clinical practice.