Objective:To observe the effect of stellate ganglion block(SGB)on the inflammatory response in rats with acute peritonitis,and to explore whether the possible anti-inflammatory mechanism related to the activation of α7nAChR receptor-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.Methods:A total of 36 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,with 12 rats in each group:sham operation group(S group),acute peritonitis group(AP group)and SGB treatment group(SGB group).2%acetic acid(1 ml/100 g)was intraperitoneally injected to prepare acute peritonitis rat model in AP group and SGB group,and corresponding dose of normal saline was injected into S group.Right cervical sympathetic nerve was separated but not ligated in AP group and S group,the right cervical sympathetic nerve was severed and ligated in SGB group.Abdominal aorta blood samples were collected 24 h after opera-tion,and serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by ELISA,pathological changes of peritoneal tissue were observed by light microscope and expression of α7nAChR in peritoneal tissue was measured by Western blot.Results:Compared with S group,se-rum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in AP and SGB groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).Serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α in SGB group were significantly lower than those in AP group(P<0.05).HE staining of peritoneal tissues in each group revealed that the S group maintained intact peritoneal structure with normal cellular arrangement,while the AP group exhibited disorganized archi-tecture with extensive inflammatory cell infiltration,frequent hemorrhage,and prominent necrotic cells.In contrast,the SGB group displayed only mild inflammatory infiltration with preserved cellular morphology and minimal hemorrhagic or necrotic changes.The ex-pression level of α7nAChR protein in SGB group was significantly higher than that in S group and AP group.Conclusion:SGB can re-duce the inflammatory response of acute peritonitis rats,and its mechanism may be related to the cholinergic anti-inflammatory path-way mediated by α7nAChR.

Objective:To evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia and to further explore the mediating effect of hyperuricemia in early pregnancy on the relationship between urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia.Methods:Pregnant women attending prenatal care in early pregnancy at 7 Maternal and Child Health Hospitals in Hunan Province from August 2014 to December 2019 were recruited to construct a cohort of early pregnancy. The paper questionnaire collected demographic data on pregnant women, pre-pregnancy disease history, and living habits, etc. Besides, the early pregnancy laboratory examination and pregnancy outcome for this pregnancy were derived from the hospital's electronic medical record system. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between pre-pregnancy urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia, and causal mediation analysis was used to investigate the mediating role and magnitude of hyperuricemia in early pregnancy in the association pathway between pre-pregnancy urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia. Results:A total of 33 579 naturally conceived singleton pregnant women were included in the analysis, of which 3 230 cases (9.6%) had hyperuricemia in early pregnancy, and 666 cases (2.0%) had pre-eclampsia. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that pre-pregnancy urolithiasis increased the risk of pre-eclampsia ( OR=2.65, 95% CI: 1.56-4.51). Mediation analysis showed that after controlling for confounders, hyperuricemia in early pregnancy could mediate the association between pre-pregnancy urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia, with a mediation effect proportion of 46% ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Pre-pregnancy urolithiasis is an independent risk factor for pre-eclampsia, and early pregnancy hyperuricemia has a certain mediating effect between urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia.

Objective:To evaluate the association between pre-pregnancy urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia and to further explore the mediating effect of hyperuricemia in early pregnancy on the relationship between urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia.Methods:Pregnant women attending prenatal care in early pregnancy at 7 Maternal and Child Health Hospitals in Hunan Province from August 2014 to December 2019 were recruited to construct a cohort of early pregnancy. The paper questionnaire collected demographic data on pregnant women, pre-pregnancy disease history, and living habits, etc. Besides, the early pregnancy laboratory examination and pregnancy outcome for this pregnancy were derived from the hospital's electronic medical record system. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between pre-pregnancy urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia, and causal mediation analysis was used to investigate the mediating role and magnitude of hyperuricemia in early pregnancy in the association pathway between pre-pregnancy urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia. Results:A total of 33 579 naturally conceived singleton pregnant women were included in the analysis, of which 3 230 cases (9.6%) had hyperuricemia in early pregnancy, and 666 cases (2.0%) had pre-eclampsia. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that pre-pregnancy urolithiasis increased the risk of pre-eclampsia ( OR=2.65, 95% CI: 1.56-4.51). Mediation analysis showed that after controlling for confounders, hyperuricemia in early pregnancy could mediate the association between pre-pregnancy urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia, with a mediation effect proportion of 46% ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Pre-pregnancy urolithiasis is an independent risk factor for pre-eclampsia, and early pregnancy hyperuricemia has a certain mediating effect between urolithiasis and pre-eclampsia.

Objective:To establish a rapid and precise dose measurement method with EBT4 film and ensure its measurement accuracy to be within the required range through strict operational procedures for the purpose of addressing the two essential issues of poor measurement accuracy and timeliness of EBT film under FLASH conditions.Methods:After storing under different humidity conditions for a certain period of time, the film was exposed to radiation for analyzing the influence of air humidity on the intrinsic performance of EBT film. By means of repeated scanning operations and the film angle rotation, the influences of repeated scanning and film placement angle were analuzed. Parabolic correction method was used to reduce the spatial position influence during the scanning process. By analying the relationship between net optical density (netOD) and absorbed dose through the comparison of three fitting method, the optimal fitting curve was selected. After irradiation of the same batch of films for 5 min and 24 h, the film doses were calibrated and then compared with ionization chamber-measured result. The rapid and precise film dosimetry method was used to measure both the percentage depth dose from X-rays at ultra-high dose rate and the dose distribution at a depth of 2 cm in water.Results:Air humidity had the greatest influence on the intrinsic performance of EBT film (approximately 20%). The average deviation of repeated scans is within 0.5%. The angle at which the film is placed significantly affected the readouts of the film with the maximum influence approximately 70%. The net optical density combined with polynomial fitting can control the fitting residuals of 1-16 Gy within 3%. The change rate of light channels at 5 min already mostly met the requirements of the rapid mode (< 0.5%). Compared with the measurement result obtained using the reference ionization chamber, the deviations of the 5 min or 24 h dose calibration curves were all within 2%.Conclusions:The EBT4 film can be employed as a precise dosimeter to quickly measure the FLASH radiation dose. Rapid and precise FLASH dose measurements can meet the stringent requirements of both preclinical and clinical FLASH research.

Objective To explore the pharmacokinetic characteristics of sufentanil in individuals with normal body mass index(BMI),overweight BMI,and different CYP3A4/5 enzyme genotypes.Methods The patients receiving laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University from November 2020 to September 2021 were prospectively recruited in this study.Before the operation,the oral swabs were collected from all the patients for genotyping using the human CYP3A4/5 gene kit.Based on the potential impact of combination of their polymorphisms on sufentanil metabolism and the proportion of different genotype combinations of CYP3A4/5 enzymes,the patients were divided into groups I(3A4 homozygous mutation or 3A4 heterozygous mutation+3A5 homozygous mutation),II(3A4 heterozygous mutation+3A5 heterozygous mutation),and III(3A4 wild type or 3A4 heterozygous mutation+3A5 wild type).According to their BMI,they were also assigned into a normal body weight group(18.5～24.0 kg/m2)and an overweight group(24～<28 kg/m2),and the differences in drug metabolism parameters were statistically analyze between the 2 groups.After routine general anesthesia induction(sufentanil 0.5 μg/kg),venous blood samples were collected to detect the changes in its concentration using high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS).The pharmacokinetic data of sufentanil were calculated between the normal BMI group and overweight group in all participants and between the 2 body weight groups among those with different genotype combinations.Results Among the 90 participants completing the blood drug concentration test,8 patients had their blood samples contaminated(including 1 case with an anesthesia duration of<2 h),and 3 were excluded due to low weight or overweight.Eventually,79 participants were included in the pharmacokinetic analysis on the normal body weight group and the overweight group.Compared with the normal body weight group,the central compartment volume of distribution in the overweight group was significantly reduced(P<0.05),while no obvious differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of peripheral compartment volume of distribution,total clearance rate,peripheral compartment clearance rate,distribution half-life,clearance half-life,and area under the blood concentration-time curve.In group Ⅰ(n=26),the overweight patients(n=13)had significantly reduced central compartment volume of distribution,peripheral compartment volume of distribution,and peripheral compartment clearance rate when compared with the normal body weight patients(n=13)(P<0.05),while no differences were observed in other pharmacokinetic parameters.In groups Ⅱ(n=25)and Ⅲ(n=28),the overweight patients and normal body weight patients had no statistical differences in all pharmacokinetic parameters.Conclusion Among the patients with the same genotype combination of CYP3A4/5 mutations,there was no difference in the metabolism of sufentanil between the overweight and normal weight patients.Additionally,in the population of 3A4 homozygous mutation or 3A4 heterozygous mutation+3A5 homozygous mutation,the overweight patients have smaller peripheral distribution range of sufentanil,and weakened metabolic process.

Objective:To observe the effect of stellate ganglion block(SGB)on the inflammatory response in rats with acute peritonitis,and to explore whether the possible anti-inflammatory mechanism related to the activation of α7nAChR receptor-mediated cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.Methods:A total of 36 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups,with 12 rats in each group:sham operation group(S group),acute peritonitis group(AP group)and SGB treatment group(SGB group).2%acetic acid(1 ml/100 g)was intraperitoneally injected to prepare acute peritonitis rat model in AP group and SGB group,and corresponding dose of normal saline was injected into S group.Right cervical sympathetic nerve was separated but not ligated in AP group and S group,the right cervical sympathetic nerve was severed and ligated in SGB group.Abdominal aorta blood samples were collected 24 h after opera-tion,and serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were measured by ELISA,pathological changes of peritoneal tissue were observed by light microscope and expression of α7nAChR in peritoneal tissue was measured by Western blot.Results:Compared with S group,se-rum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in AP and SGB groups were significantly increased(P<0.05).Serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α in SGB group were significantly lower than those in AP group(P<0.05).HE staining of peritoneal tissues in each group revealed that the S group maintained intact peritoneal structure with normal cellular arrangement,while the AP group exhibited disorganized archi-tecture with extensive inflammatory cell infiltration,frequent hemorrhage,and prominent necrotic cells.In contrast,the SGB group displayed only mild inflammatory infiltration with preserved cellular morphology and minimal hemorrhagic or necrotic changes.The ex-pression level of α7nAChR protein in SGB group was significantly higher than that in S group and AP group.Conclusion:SGB can re-duce the inflammatory response of acute peritonitis rats,and its mechanism may be related to the cholinergic anti-inflammatory path-way mediated by α7nAChR.

Objective:To establish a rapid and precise dose measurement method with EBT4 film and ensure its measurement accuracy to be within the required range through strict operational procedures for the purpose of addressing the two essential issues of poor measurement accuracy and timeliness of EBT film under FLASH conditions.Methods:After storing under different humidity conditions for a certain period of time, the film was exposed to radiation for analyzing the influence of air humidity on the intrinsic performance of EBT film. By means of repeated scanning operations and the film angle rotation, the influences of repeated scanning and film placement angle were analuzed. Parabolic correction method was used to reduce the spatial position influence during the scanning process. By analying the relationship between net optical density (netOD) and absorbed dose through the comparison of three fitting method, the optimal fitting curve was selected. After irradiation of the same batch of films for 5 min and 24 h, the film doses were calibrated and then compared with ionization chamber-measured result. The rapid and precise film dosimetry method was used to measure both the percentage depth dose from X-rays at ultra-high dose rate and the dose distribution at a depth of 2 cm in water.Results:Air humidity had the greatest influence on the intrinsic performance of EBT film (approximately 20%). The average deviation of repeated scans is within 0.5%. The angle at which the film is placed significantly affected the readouts of the film with the maximum influence approximately 70%. The net optical density combined with polynomial fitting can control the fitting residuals of 1-16 Gy within 3%. The change rate of light channels at 5 min already mostly met the requirements of the rapid mode (< 0.5%). Compared with the measurement result obtained using the reference ionization chamber, the deviations of the 5 min or 24 h dose calibration curves were all within 2%.Conclusions:The EBT4 film can be employed as a precise dosimeter to quickly measure the FLASH radiation dose. Rapid and precise FLASH dose measurements can meet the stringent requirements of both preclinical and clinical FLASH research.

Objective To design a lightweight and modular air container-based bio-isolated transfer and treatment device for efficient,safe and reliable treatment and evacuation of massive infectious patients.Methods The device had an ISO 668 40 ft(1 ft=30.48 cm)standard container as its body,which was made of aluminum alloy plate,new low-density heat preservation material and medical fireproof board,and its wall was manufactured using aluminum alloy honeycomb plate,fireproof insulation material and interior panel.The main components of the device included a negative-pressure control and envoiron-mental control system,a life support system,an intelligent control and information interaction system and a comprehensive support system.The negative-pressure control and envoironmental control system was composed of a distributed power supply ventilation system without air ducts and an intelligent control system for gradient pressure difference,the life support system was made up of a treatment module,a support module and a medical technical module,the intelligent control and information interaction system comprised a container information auto monitoring and interaction module,a multi-mode communication module and a telemedicine module,and the comprehensive support system consisted of a power supply module,a water supply and drainage module and an oxygen supply module.Results The device proved to behave better than the containerized biocontainment system of the U.S.army in key indictors,which could be used for long-voyage transmodality and treatment for massive infectious patients.Conclusion The device developed gains advantages in biosafety and life support,which facilitates all-domain transmodality of infectious patients while meeting the demand for rapid air transportation and treatment.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(12):19-24]

The column chromatography and semi-preparative liquid phase chromatography with several chromatographic packing materials, including macroporous adsorbent resin, silica gel, ODS, and Sephadex LH-20, were used for the separation and purification of n-butanol-soluble portion of ethanol extract of Leonurus japonicus Houtt. The structures of isolates were identified by HR-MS, IR, NMR, and acid hydrolysis reaction. Six phenylethanol glycosides were obtained from L. japonicus and identified as leonoside G (1), leonoside E (2), leonoside B (3), leonoside F (4), cistanoside G (5), and salidroside (6). Compound 1 is a new phenylethanol glycoside.

Objective To explore the risk factors for developing chronic pulmonary heart disease in patients with pneumoconiosis.Methods The medical records of pneumoconiosis patients admitted to an occupational disease hospital in Sichuan Province between January 2012 and November 2021 were collected.Kaplan-Meier(K-M)method,or product-limit method,was used to plot the incidence curves of pulmonary heart disease in the pneumoconiosis patients.Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors associated with chronic pulmonary heart disease in patients with pneumoconiosis.Results A total of 885 pneumoconiosis patients were included in this study.The follow-up time was 12 to 115 months and the median follow-up time was 43 months.A total of 138 patients developed chronic pulmonary heart disease and the incidence density of pulmonary heart disease was 38.50/1000 person-years.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of pneumoconiosis inpatients developing chronic pulmonary heart disease included the following,being 50 and older(hazard ratio[HR]=1.85,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.25-2.74),stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis(HR=2.43,95%CI:1.48-4.01),resting heart rate≥100 beats/min(HR=2.62,95%CI:1.63-4.21),the complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)(HR=4.52,95%CI:2.12-9.63),underweight(HR=2.40,95%CI:1.48-3.87),overweight and obesity(HR=0.54,95%CI:0.34-0.86),and triacylglycerol(TG)(HR=0.69,95%CI:0.49-0.99).Conclusion Old age,stage Ⅲ pneumoconiosis,high resting heart rate,low BMI,and the complication of COPD are risk factors for chronic pulmonary heart disease in pneumoconiosis patients,while overweight and obesity and TG are protective factors.Early identification of the risk factors and the adoption of the corresponding prevention measures are the key to preventing chronic pulmonary heart disease in patients with pneumoconiosis.