Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) among children aged 0-9 years in Guangzhou, so as to provide reference basis for further exploring scientifically effective prevention and control measures. Methods: Reported cases of HFMD in children aged 0-9 years in Guangzhou City from 2013-2025 were selected from China disease prevention and control information system, and the incidence in different years was analyzed descriptively; the trends of the composition ratio and incidence in various age groups were analyzed by using the Joinpoint regression model, spatial autocorrelation analyses were performed at the district level, and the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average model (SARIMA) was applied to predict annual incidence rate for 2026. Results: From 2013 to 2025, the average annual reported incidence rate of HFMD among children aged 0-9 years in Guangzhou was 2 513.98/100 000, showing a fluctuating trend. Peaks of incidence occurred from May to July and from September to October. The male to female ratio was 1.49∶1. The average annual incidence rate was 4 743.99/100 000 in the 0-1 years age group, 3 298.19/100 000 in the 2-5 years age group, and 544.22/ 100 000 in the 6-9 years age group. Joinpoint regression analysis showed a decreasing trend in the proportion of the 0-1 years age group (APC= -6.02 %, t =-3.77) and an increasing trend in the proportion of the 6-9 years age group (APC=16.39%, t =5.67) (both P < 0.05 ). No significant global spatial clustering was observed at the district level; however, local scattered clusters were identified in certain areas. Using the SARIMA(2,0,0)(2,0,0) 12 model, the predicted annual incidence rate of HFMD among children aged 0-9 years in Guangzhou in 2026 was 2 680.56/100 000. Conclusions From 2013 to 2025, the annual incidence rate of HFMD among children aged 0-9 years in Guangzhou exhibited a fluctuating trend; the highest incidence rate is observed in the 0-1 years age group, while the proportion of cases in the 6-9 years age group increase year by year;and local spatial clusters of abnormal distribution are identified. It is essential to enhance risk monitoring and health education in key populations and areas to mitigate the risk of infection in children.

Objective To assess the mid-term clinical prognosis and radiological outcomes of a novel expandable PEEK(polyetheretherketone)vertebral replacement device used for anterior and middle column recon-struction in the thoracolumbar spine of osteoporotic patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 52 patients with single-segment osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures who underwent vertebral body replacement surgery between January 2020 and December 2023.The surgical procedures included either a thoracoscopic or minimally invasive anterior approach,combined with posterior short-segment cement-augmented screw fixation.According to the type of replacement material used,patients were categorized into two groups:the novel PEEK group and the titanium Mesh cage group.Data on surgical time,intraoperative blood loss,and postoperative complications were collected.The Visual Analogue Score(VAS),Oswestry Disability Index(ODI),local kyphotic angle(LKA),fusion segment height(D-line),anterior vertebral body height(AVBH),and posterior vertebral body height(PVBH)were assessed at three stages:preoperatively,immediately postoperatively,and during the final follow-up.Results All patients were successfully discharged.In the PEEK group,the average operative time was(235.28±58.69)minutes,and intraoperative blood loss was(680.00±163.30)mL.The mean follow-up duration was(14.12±2.44)months.The VAS score decreased significantly from(7.44±0.87)preoperatively to(2.24±0.93)at the final follow-up,and the ODI score also decreased significantly from(42.64±4.86)preoperatively to(11.84±3.73)at the final follow-up,indicating substantial improvement in symptoms and function(P<0.05).At the final follow-up,LKA,D-line,and AVBH exhibited partial loss compared to immediate postoperative values(P>0.05),but they remained significantly improved compared to preoperative values(P<0.05).The postoperative complication rate was 12.00%(3/25),and the fusion rate at the final follow-up was 100.00%.Similarly,the Mesh group effectively improved patient symptoms,function,and vertebral height(P<0.05).However,at the final follow-up,the PEEK group demonstrated significantly better LKA,D-line,and AVBH values compared to the Mesh group(P<0.05).Conclusion The short-segment cement-augmented internal fixation in combination with the novel expandable PEEK replacement device represents a viable solution for anterior column reconstruction in osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures,as evidenced by its mid-term outcomes of effective pain relief,significant functional improvement,sustained maintenance of vertebral height,and successful deformity correction.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) among individuals aged 6 years and above in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2023, with the intention that a scientific basis be provided for effective prevention and control measures in older age groups.Methods:Data on HFMD incidence among individuals aged 6 years and above in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2023 were collected and analyzed. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distributions and pathogen components of HFMD cases in Guangzhou residents aged 6 years and above. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and Getis-Ord Gi* analysis were conducted to identify the spatial clustering patterns of HFMD at the street town level. Results:From 2010 to 2023, the gender ratio of HFMD cases in persons aged 6 and above was 1.49∶1 in Guangzhou. The average annual incidence rate of HFMD among individuals aged 6 years and above in Guangzhou was 25.75 per 100 000. Furthermore, the reported incidence rate indicated an increased tendency. The annual incidence showed a bimodal distribution, with the main peak occurring from May to July and the secondary peak from September to October. HFMD incidence rates vary by townships, with hotspots clustered in urban and urban-rural regions. The dominant pathogen shifts from year to year. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) was the prevalent strain in 2010, followed by other enteroviruses and Coxsackievirus (CV)-A16 from 2011 to 2016. Since 2017, CV-A6 has steadily become the major pathogen.Conclusions:The incidence of HFMD cases among individuals aged 6 years and above in Guangzhou increased generally from 2010 to 2023, with hotspots localized in urban and urban-rural areas. The pathogen composition altered dramatically, with the proportion of EV71 dropping overall, while CV-A6 eventually became the dominating strain. Therefore, it is imperative to focus on the prevention and control of HFMD in this age group, especially by strengthening measures in areas with high prevalence.

Objective To assess the mid-term clinical prognosis and radiological outcomes of a novel expandable PEEK(polyetheretherketone)vertebral replacement device used for anterior and middle column recon-struction in the thoracolumbar spine of osteoporotic patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 52 patients with single-segment osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures who underwent vertebral body replacement surgery between January 2020 and December 2023.The surgical procedures included either a thoracoscopic or minimally invasive anterior approach,combined with posterior short-segment cement-augmented screw fixation.According to the type of replacement material used,patients were categorized into two groups:the novel PEEK group and the titanium Mesh cage group.Data on surgical time,intraoperative blood loss,and postoperative complications were collected.The Visual Analogue Score(VAS),Oswestry Disability Index(ODI),local kyphotic angle(LKA),fusion segment height(D-line),anterior vertebral body height(AVBH),and posterior vertebral body height(PVBH)were assessed at three stages:preoperatively,immediately postoperatively,and during the final follow-up.Results All patients were successfully discharged.In the PEEK group,the average operative time was(235.28±58.69)minutes,and intraoperative blood loss was(680.00±163.30)mL.The mean follow-up duration was(14.12±2.44)months.The VAS score decreased significantly from(7.44±0.87)preoperatively to(2.24±0.93)at the final follow-up,and the ODI score also decreased significantly from(42.64±4.86)preoperatively to(11.84±3.73)at the final follow-up,indicating substantial improvement in symptoms and function(P<0.05).At the final follow-up,LKA,D-line,and AVBH exhibited partial loss compared to immediate postoperative values(P>0.05),but they remained significantly improved compared to preoperative values(P<0.05).The postoperative complication rate was 12.00%(3/25),and the fusion rate at the final follow-up was 100.00%.Similarly,the Mesh group effectively improved patient symptoms,function,and vertebral height(P<0.05).However,at the final follow-up,the PEEK group demonstrated significantly better LKA,D-line,and AVBH values compared to the Mesh group(P<0.05).Conclusion The short-segment cement-augmented internal fixation in combination with the novel expandable PEEK replacement device represents a viable solution for anterior column reconstruction in osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures,as evidenced by its mid-term outcomes of effective pain relief,significant functional improvement,sustained maintenance of vertebral height,and successful deformity correction.

This article reviews the application and future prospects of complement component 5 (C5) inhibitors in kidney transplantation for sensitized recipients. Kidney transplantation significantly improves the survival and quality of life for patients with end-stage kidney disease. However, donor kidney shortages and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sensitization are major obstacles. HLA-sensitized candidates, particularly highly sensitized ones, face a significantly elevated risk of post-transplant rejection due to pre-existing HLA antibodies. Eculizumab, a terminal complement inhibitor, inhibits rejection by preventing the cleavage of C5 into C5a and C5b, thus blocking the formation of the membrane attack complex and suppressing complement-dependent cytotoxicity.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the mechanism of Naotaifang(NFT)in preventing neuronal pyroptosis in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury(CIRI).Methods Firstly,a network Meta-analysis was conducted to compare the clinical efficacy of Naotaifang and dl-3-n-butylphthalide in treating ischemic stroke,and dl-3-n-butylphthalide was identified as the positive control drug in this study.Then,a rat CIRI model was established using the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion(MCAO/R)method.Sixty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into model group(Model group),low-dose Naotaifang group(NTF-L group),medium-dose Naotaifang group(NTF-M group),ahigh-dose Naotaifang group(NTF-H group),NBP group(NBP group),and a sham surgery group(Sham group)using a random number table method,with 10 rats in each group.After MCAO/R,rats received NTF(4.5 g/kg for NTF-L,9 g/kg for NTF-M,and 18 g/kg for NTF-H)or Nimodipine(60 mg/kg)or distilled water(Sham group and Model group)via gavage for seven consecutive days.Neurological function was evaluated using the Zea Longa method,infarct volume was assessed by TTC staining,and HE and Nissl staining were used to observe changes in neurons in the ischemic cortex.ELISA was used to measure serum IL-1β and IL-18 levels,and Western blot was used to detect caspase-1 and GSDMD expression in the ischemic cortex.Results Network Meta-analysis showed no significant difference in clinical efficacy,neurological function scores,and TXB2 expression between Nimodipine and NTF interventions.Animal experiments revealed that neurological scores of the Model group was significantly increased,the volume of cerebral infarction was significantly enlarged,the structure of nerve cells in the ischemic cortical area was destroyed,and the number of nerve cells and Nissl bodies was significantly reduced,and expressions of IL-1β,IL-18 inflammatory factors and caspase-1,and GSDMD focal proteins were significantly decreased(P<0.01).The NTF-H group significantly reduced neurological function scores and cerebral infarction volume of rats in the Model group,significantly improved morphology of nerve cells and the number of Nissl body,and significantly decreased the expressions of IL-1β,IL-18 inflammatory factors,caspase-1,and GSDMD necroptosis proteins(P<0.01).There was no significant difference between the NTF-H group and the NBP group in terms of neurological scores,volume of cerebral infarction,IL-1β,IL-18 levels,and caspase-1 and GSDMD protein expression(P>0.05).Conclusion Both NTF and Nimodipine have therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke patients,with no significant difference between them,making Nimodipine a suitable positive control drug.NTF may alleviate CIRI by reducing pyroptosis through the caspase-1/GSDMD signaling pathway.

Ion selective electrode(ISE)is a key component of full automatic biochemical analyzer.It is very important to solve the ISE's faults in time in ensuring the operational quality of full automatic biochemical analyzer.This article proposed maintenance ideas and method after analyzed the structural composition and the working principle of full automatic biochemical analyzer,and conducted further analysis for the common faults included reference liquid suction,flushing tower overflow and results'inaccurate,which can effectively resolve the problems of the above faults.In the management for full automatic biochemical analyzer,the metrological verification work should be strengthened,so as to enhance the level of technical support of equipment engineering,and improve the quality of clinical service of equipment.

Objective:The purpose of this study was to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) among individuals aged 6 years and above in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2023, with the intention that a scientific basis be provided for effective prevention and control measures in older age groups.Methods:Data on HFMD incidence among individuals aged 6 years and above in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2023 were collected and analyzed. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distributions and pathogen components of HFMD cases in Guangzhou residents aged 6 years and above. Spatial autocorrelation analysis and Getis-Ord Gi* analysis were conducted to identify the spatial clustering patterns of HFMD at the street town level. Results:From 2010 to 2023, the gender ratio of HFMD cases in persons aged 6 and above was 1.49∶1 in Guangzhou. The average annual incidence rate of HFMD among individuals aged 6 years and above in Guangzhou was 25.75 per 100 000. Furthermore, the reported incidence rate indicated an increased tendency. The annual incidence showed a bimodal distribution, with the main peak occurring from May to July and the secondary peak from September to October. HFMD incidence rates vary by townships, with hotspots clustered in urban and urban-rural regions. The dominant pathogen shifts from year to year. Enterovirus 71 (EV71) was the prevalent strain in 2010, followed by other enteroviruses and Coxsackievirus (CV)-A16 from 2011 to 2016. Since 2017, CV-A6 has steadily become the major pathogen.Conclusions:The incidence of HFMD cases among individuals aged 6 years and above in Guangzhou increased generally from 2010 to 2023, with hotspots localized in urban and urban-rural areas. The pathogen composition altered dramatically, with the proportion of EV71 dropping overall, while CV-A6 eventually became the dominating strain. Therefore, it is imperative to focus on the prevention and control of HFMD in this age group, especially by strengthening measures in areas with high prevalence.

Ion selective electrode(ISE)is a key component of full automatic biochemical analyzer.It is very important to solve the ISE's faults in time in ensuring the operational quality of full automatic biochemical analyzer.This article proposed maintenance ideas and method after analyzed the structural composition and the working principle of full automatic biochemical analyzer,and conducted further analysis for the common faults included reference liquid suction,flushing tower overflow and results'inaccurate,which can effectively resolve the problems of the above faults.In the management for full automatic biochemical analyzer,the metrological verification work should be strengthened,so as to enhance the level of technical support of equipment engineering,and improve the quality of clinical service of equipment.

BACKGROUND:With the continuous development of medical technology,the treatment of distal radius fractures is facing the need for more precise and personalized treatment.The traditional splint fixation method has some limitations in clinical application,which often has defects such as unstable fixation and easy to occur pressure sores.The validation of the improved 3D printed splint with rapid grid-free simulation is expected to lead to more accurate and effective treatment options for distal radius fractures.OBJECTIVE:To explore the design method of 3D printed splint for distal radius fracture based on clinical defect improvement and verify its clinical efficacy by rapid grid-free analysis.METHODS:Clinical defects of splint fixation of extended distal radius fracture were retrospectively analyzed,and 3D printed small splint was designed with specific improvement.The digital models of traditional splint and improved new 3D printed splint were made by Computer Aided Design drawing.Total,bone,soft tissue,and splint displacement and stress distribution were calculated through simulation analysis using rapid grid-free analysis tools.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the traditional splint,the improved new 3D printing splint exerteded more balanced pressure on the skin without obvious stress concentration,and had better body surface adhesion.The displacement was smaller and the movement range was more reasonable.(2)An 3D printed splint based on clinical defect improvement can be designed.Rapid grid-free analysis verifies the advantages of the improved 3D splint,providing a basis for clinical application.