Objective:To analyze the characteristics of non-seroconverted cases after rabies vaccination and observe the effect of booster vaccination.Methods:A retrospective collection of data was conducted from March 2022 to March 2023 across 409 rabies vaccination clinics in 27 provinces in China, focusing on cases with rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) levels less than 0.5 IU/ml after vaccination.Results:A total of 77 cases were identified in whom seroconversion was not observed within 30 days post-vaccination with the rabies vaccine. The gender distribution was 51.9% male and 48.1% female, with ages ranging from 2 to 83 years old. Delayed vaccination was observed in 11 cases (14.3%), and 63 cases (81.8%) received human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) injections. None of the cases had a confirmed immunosuppressive disease or taking immunosuppressive drugs, and the body mass index (BMI) distribution ranged from 14.37 to 34.74 kg/m 2. Seventy-six cases seroconverted after 1 to 3 doses of rabies vaccines as a booster vaccination. One case that did not seroconvert after the initial booster vaccination seroconverted after receiving additional 2 doses of vaccine. All patients were followed up for one year, with no cases of rabies reported. Conclusions:The characteristics of cases that failed to seroconvert after the full course of rabies vaccination lacked specificity, and booster vaccination could lead to seroconversion.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of non-seroconverted cases after rabies vaccination and observe the effect of booster vaccination.Methods:A retrospective collection of data was conducted from March 2022 to March 2023 across 409 rabies vaccination clinics in 27 provinces in China, focusing on cases with rabies virus neutralizing antibody (RVNA) levels less than 0.5 IU/ml after vaccination.Results:A total of 77 cases were identified in whom seroconversion was not observed within 30 days post-vaccination with the rabies vaccine. The gender distribution was 51.9% male and 48.1% female, with ages ranging from 2 to 83 years old. Delayed vaccination was observed in 11 cases (14.3%), and 63 cases (81.8%) received human rabies immunoglobulin (HRIG) injections. None of the cases had a confirmed immunosuppressive disease or taking immunosuppressive drugs, and the body mass index (BMI) distribution ranged from 14.37 to 34.74 kg/m 2. Seventy-six cases seroconverted after 1 to 3 doses of rabies vaccines as a booster vaccination. One case that did not seroconvert after the initial booster vaccination seroconverted after receiving additional 2 doses of vaccine. All patients were followed up for one year, with no cases of rabies reported. Conclusions:The characteristics of cases that failed to seroconvert after the full course of rabies vaccination lacked specificity, and booster vaccination could lead to seroconversion.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for heart failure in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease and to analyze the influence of different blood pressure levels on the risk of heart failure.Methods A total of 826 coronary atherosclerotic heart disease patients admitted to the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine of First Hospital of Qinhuangdao from October 2018 to October 2020 were selected as the research subjects.The patients were divided into the heart failure group(n=27)and the non-heart failure group(n=799)based on whether heart failure occurred.The clinical data of patients in the two groups were collected,and the risk factors for heart failure in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease were analyzed by using the univariate and multivariate logistic regression.According to the history of hypertension,the patients were divided into the hypertension history group(n=522)and the normal blood pressure group(n=304),and according to the blood pressure levels,the patients were further divided into the normal blood pressure group(n=304),grade 1 hypertension group(n=102),grade 2 hypertension group(n=254)and grade 3 hypertension group(n=166).The cumulative incidence of heart failure of patients was compared among all groups,and the impact of hypertension history and blood pressure levels on the occurrence of heart failure in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease was analyzed by using the multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the proportion of advanced age,history of hypertension,history of smoking,coronary artery disease,hemoglobin level,proportion of left atrial enlargement,and proportion of left ventricular hypertrophy between the heart failure group and the non-heart failure group(P＜0.05);and there was no significant difference in gender,history of hyperlipidemia,body mass index,history of diabetes,albumin level,and serum creatinine level between the two groups(P＞0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the history of hypertension,advanced age,multivessel coronary artery disease(≥2 vessels),and left ventricular hypertrophy were risk factors for heart failure in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease(P＜0.05).The cumulative incidence of heart failure in the hypertension history group and the normal blood pressure group was 3.63％(19/522)and 2.63％(8/304),respectively;and the cumulative incidence of heart failure in the hypertension history group was significantly higher than that in the normal blood pressure group(x2=6.792,P＜0.05).The cumulative incidence of heart failure in the normal blood pressure group,grade 1 hypertension group,grade 2 hypertension group,and grade 3 hypertension group was 2.63％(8/304),2.94％(3/102),3.54％(9/254),and 4.22％(7/166),respectively,showing an increasing trend,and there was a significant difference between each group(P＜0.05).In the Cox proportional hazards model,model 1(unadjusted for confounding factors),model 2(adjusted for age factors),and model 3(adjusted for confounding factors such as the history of hypertension,history of smoking,coronary artery distase,hemoglobin level,left atrial enlargement,and left ventricular hypertrophy on the basis of model 2)all showed that the history of hypertension was the risk factor for heart failure in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,and the higher the blood pressure level,the higher the risk of developing heart failure(P＜0.05).Conclusion The history of hypertension,advanced age,multi vessel coronary artery disease(≥2 vessels),and left ventricular hypertrophy are risk factors for heart failure in patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease,among which the history of hypertension has the greatest influence,and the probability of developing heart failure increases as the blood pressure grade increases.

Objective To understand the status of new coronavirus contamination in the biosafety laboratory environment, identify key areas prone to contamination, and provide evidence for disinfection of central objects. Methods surfaces of high-frequency contact environment and protective equipment were sampled with moistened sterile cotton swabs after experiment and before disinfection, the results of the one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of open reading frame 1ab and N fragment were used to evaluate the pollution status. Results Environmental surveys found 4 of 217 samples of environmental objects to be positive for new coronavirus RNA, that positive rate was 1.84%. Among them, BSL-3, BSL-2, and BSL-1 were sampled 23, 184, and 10 respectively. The 3 positive samples were from surfaces of nucleic acid extraction room of BSL-2 and from the handles of pass-through box, laboratory door handles and the outer surface of the alcohol watering pot respectively. The 1 positive sample was from the forearm of the protective clothing in BSL-2 laboratory. Conclusion There was a certain degree of virus pollution in key areas of the new coronavirus laboratory. The BSL-2 laboratory has a higher risk of environmental pollution than the BSL-3 and BSL-1 laboratories.

Objective: To explore the correlation between the parameters of the mandible and parameters of cervical vertebrae and craniofacial bone in class Ⅱ skeletal patients in Northeast China and to establish correlation equations expressing the relationship between the mandible and cervical vertebrae and craniofacial bone directly and quantitatively for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of orthodontics and orthognathics and for prediction. Methods : The mandible, cranial facial bone and cervical vertebrae of 201 children and adolescents aged 8 to 20 years were measured using digital cranial lateral tablets. All of the cases were divided into male (n=75) and female (n=126) groups using a sensitivity analysis method based on genetic algorithms to select the craniofacial bone and cervical bone with strong sensitivity to mandible parameters and to establish relevant equations. Results : Through sensitivity analysis, the parameters with the strongest correlation between the measured values of the mandible were H4 and SN, those with a strong correlation were SN-Ar, the anterior and posterior high ratio SGo/NGn, the Y axis angle and mandibular angle Ar-Go-Gn. The established equation was as follows: males: Ar-Pg=28.415+1.818×H4+0.746×SN(r2=0.056 8, P < 0.001); females: Ar-Pg=15.168+1.706×H4+0.675×SN+0.31×SN-Ar-0.29×Y axis angle (r2=0.611, P < 0.001). No significant difference was found between the predicted values obtained by the established equations and measured values (P > 0.05). Conclusion The mandibular length equation established by sensitivity analysis and genetic algorithms is statistically significant and can predict a certain degree of growth and development.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of ESWAN in uterine fibroids by analyzing the ESWAN signal of uterine fibroid. Methods Conventional MRI and ESWAN were carried out in thirty-seven patients with uterine fibroids.The differences of ESWAN indexes between uterine fibroids and myometrium were analyzed by paired t-test.The value of ESWAN on diagnosing uterine fibroids was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve).Results The magnitude value,phase value,R2* value and T2*value of uterine fibroids were 1 661.69 ± 45.24,(0.006 7 ± 0.007 7)Hz,(26.69 ± 1.04)Hz and(34.68 ± 1.73)ms,respectively.The magnitude value,phase value,R2* value and T2* value of myometrium were 1 790.95 ± 49.04,(0.013 1 ± 0.011 8)Hz,(22.35 ± 0.84)Hz and(42.53 ± 2.16)ms.The magnitude value,phase value and T2* value of uterine fibroids were lower than those of myometrium (P=0.008,P=0.659 and P=0.002).While the R2* value of of uterine fibroids was higher than that of myometrium(P=0.001). The area under curve(AUC)of magnitude value,phase value,R2* value and T2* value were 0.604,0.553,0.666 and 0.662.Conclusion ESWAN can show the differences between uterine fibroids and myometrium ，while the ability to independently diagnose uterine fibroids was modest.

Objective To investigate the safety and effectiveness of mesh and non-mesh techniques in laparoscopic repair of large hiatal hernias (LRLHH).Methods A retrospective clinical controlled study of mesh and non-mesh techniques in LRLHH form January 2006 to August 2014 was performed.Results A total of 83 and 36 patients were recruited to mesh and non-mesh group respectively.There were no significant differences in operation time,operation bleeding volume,hospitalization time or complications between the two groups.Main symptoms were significantly improved during the postoperative long-term follow-up in both groups.The improvement of dysphagia in mesh group showed no significant difference [22.9％ (19/83) VS 12.0％ (10/83),P=0.066],however,non-mesh group showed significant difference [30.6％ (11/36) VS 5.6％ (2/36),P=0.006].Rate of dysphagia alleviation in non-mesh group was significantly higher than that in mesh group [25.0％ (9/36) VS 10.8％ (9/83),P =0.048].Mesh-related complications of esophageal erosions occurred in 5 patients (6.0％) in mesh group,including esophageal stenosis in 3 patients,esophageal-cardiac stricture in 1 patient.Recurrent hernia occurred in 1 patient (1.2％) in mesh group and 3 patients (8.3％) in non-mesh group (P =0.082).Conclusion LRLHH with mesh should be individualized.The use of mesh in LRLHH reduces the recurrence rate,but may lead to some complications.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of technical modification for laparoscopic repair of giant hiatal hernias.Methods A total of 49 patients with giant hiatal hernia underwent modified laparoscopic repair by dissecting sac, closing hiatal, mesh placement and fundoplication from June 2010 to May 2014.The operation time, hospitalization time, postoperative complications, upper gastrointestinal imaging and improvement of postoperative symptoms were observed.Results The average operation time was (103.6 ±31.7) min(88-173min).The average length of post operation hospitalization was (4.2 ± 1.8) d (range,3-12d).Postoperative complication occurred in 4 patients,including pleural effusion (1 patient),respiratory failure (1 patient), difficulty in swallowing (2 patients)with complication occurrence rate being 8.2％ (4/49).No conversion or death occurred.The average time of follow-up was (28.3 ± 12.7) months (6-50 months) in 49 cases.During the follow-up, main symptoms were relieved and no recurrence was found by barium swallow.Conclusion Technical modification for laparoscopic repair of giant hiatal hernias is safe and effective.

Objective To study the related factors of male pattern alopecia(MPA) and efficacy of finasteride as well as to survey the related factors influencing the life quality of patients with MPA.Methods Questionnaire with dermatology life quality index(DLQI) and center for epidemiologic studies depression scale(CES-D) were adopted to assess the life quality and psychological changes of 320 outpatients with MPA.The 320 patients with MPA of Hamilton grades Ⅱ-Ⅶ took finasteride tablet of 1mg/day for over 4 months in this clinical tria1.We analyzed the related factors of MPA,tested the related indexes,and observed for changes of hair growth and adverse reactions.Results DLQI and CES-D scores of the 320 MPA patients obviously increased.Many factors including inheritance and psychological influence were correlated with MPA.The total efficacy rate after treatment for over 4 months was 80.8%.Conclusion Hair loss significantly affected the life quality of patients with MPA and brought negative effects on the patients' psychology,which can worsen hair loss.Therefore,appropriate psychotherapy and other treatments should be given to them.MPA is a kind of disease caused by multiple factors and oral administration of finasteride(1mg) is effective and safe for treating MPA.

Objective To investigate the effects of hairpin RNA on the expression of human papillomavirus E6 gene. Methods Plasmids expressing hairpin RNA, sense RNA and anti-sense RNA were constructed. The recombinants were transfected into cervical cancer cell line, CaSKi. Expression of E6 was detected with semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Hairpin RNA could significantly reduce the expressions of E6 mRNA and protein, which was more efficient than traditional anti-sense RNA did. Conclusion The RNA interference through hairpin RNA can effectively inhibit the expression of target gene, and can be potentially useful in gene therapy of HPV related tumors.