Objective To investigate the relationship between cystatin C(CysC)/prealbumin(PAB)ratio and lung function and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)assessment test(CAT)score in patients with COPD.Methods A total of 216 COPD patients admitted to the hospital from February 2021 to February 2024 were selected as the study group,and 150 healthy subjects were selected as the control group during the same period.CysC and PAB levels were detected by immunoturbidimetry,CysC/PAB ratio was calculated,lung function was detected and CAT scores were recorded.Pearson correlation was used to analyze the rela-tionship between CysC/PAB ratio,lung function and CAT score in COPD patients.Results The CysC and CysC/PAB ratio in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the level of PAB was significantly lower than that in the control group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of predicted value(FEV1％pred),the percentage of pre-dicted forced vital capacity(FVC％pred)and the ratio of the first second forced expiratory volume to forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC)of the study group were lower than those of the control group,and the CAT score of the study group was higher than that of the control group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).The Cy-sC/PAB ratio and CAT score of COPD patients with the global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease(GOLD)grade 4 were significantly higher than those with GOLD grade 3,GOLD grade 2 and GOLD grade 1,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The ratio of CysC/PAB in very severely affected pa-tients was higher than that in severely affected,moderately affected and mildly affected patients,while the ra-tio of FEV1％pred,FVC％pred and FEV1/FVC was lower than that in severely affected,moderately affected and mildly affected patients,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).In COPD patients,Cy-sC/PAB ratio was negatively correlated with FEV1％pred,FVC％pred,FEV1/FVC,and positively correlated with CAT score(P＜0.05).Conclusion CysC/PAB ratio is highly expressed in COPD patients,and its level is related to lung function and CAT score,which can reflect the degree of disease and quality of life in COPD patients to a certain extent.

Objective To explore the value of vesical imaging reporting and data system(VI-RADS)combined with absolute tumor-wall contact length(ABTCL)and actual tumor-wall contact length(ACTCL)in diagnosing muscle invasive bladder cancer(MIBC).Methods The MRI data of 113 patients with pathologically confirmed bladder cancer(BCa)were analyzed retrospectively.All patients underwent conventional MRI,diffusion weighted imaging(DWI)and dynamic contrast enhanced(DCE)MRI before sur-gery.Two radiologists independently evaluated MRI images based on VI-RADS score,and measured quantitative parameters,inclu-ding ABTCL and ACTCL.The Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of VI-RADS scores between MIBC and non-mus-cle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC).Quantitative parameters between MIBC and NMIBC were compared by Mann-Whitney U test.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of VI-RADS,quantitative parameters and VI-RADS combined with quantitative parameters in the diagnosis of MIBC.Results VI-RADS,ABTCL and ACTCL had significant differences between MIBC and NMIBC(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)for VI-RADS,ABTCL and ACTCL in diagno-sing MIBC were 0.89,0.76 and 0.77,respectively.There was no significant difference between the AUC for ABTCL and ACTCL(P＞0.05).The AUC for VI-RADS combined with ABTCL or ACTCL in diagnosing MIBC was 0.93,higher than that of only VI-RADS(P＜0.05).Conclusion The combination of VI-RADS with either ABTCL or ACTCL can effectively improve the diagnostic performance of MIBC.ABTCL obtainedby linear measurement is easier to implement in clinical practice than ACTCL obtained by curved measurement.

China prospective multicenter birth cohort (Prospective Omics Health Atlas birth cohort, POHA birth cohort) study was officially launched in 2022. This study, in collaboration with 12 participating units, aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20 000 naturally conceived families and assisted reproductive families. The study involves long-term follow-up of parents and offspring, with corresponding biological samples collected at key time points. Through multi-omics testing and analysis, the study aims to conduct multi-omics big data research across the entire maternal and infant life cycle. The goal is to identify new biomarkers for maternal and infant diseases and provide scientific evidence for risk prediction related to maternal diseases and neonatal health.

【Objective】 To evaluate the application value of nucleic acid testing (NAT) by studying the NAT-yield of syphilis screening reactive blood from five blood centers. 【Methods】 The blood samples and demographic information of syphilis screening positive donors were collected from five domestic blood centers, i. e. Chongqing, Guangxi, Luoyang, Liuzhou, Mianyang and Urumqi. The treponema pallidum particle agglutination (TPPA) and the established SYBR Green qPCR method were used to analyze the difference between the results of NAT and the other two test results. 【Results】 Among 1 679 reactive blood samples for syphilis screening, 819 were confirmed positive by TPPA, accounting for 49%, with the false positive rate exceeded 50%. As to NAT results, the NAT-yield of syphilis screening reactive samples and confirmed positive samples was the same (both 2.20%); the NAT-yield of TPPA-positive and TPPA-negative samples were 2.20% and 2.74%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Primary syphilis screening by ELISA has high sensitivity, but also presents high false positive rate. Although TPPA confirmatory test has strong specificity, it cannot reflect the existence of T. pallidum. Therefore, NAT may be used as a supplementary test for syphilis screening so as to more effectively ensure the safety of blood transfusion and blood supply.

Objective:To investigate the expression of vitamin D receptor(VDR)in biliary epithelial cells of children with biliary atresia(BA)and explore the correlation between VDR epression levels and clinical pathological prognosis.Methods:A total of 48 BA patients who underwent Kasai surgery in the Pediatric Surgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January 2017 to December 2020 with confirmed pathological results were selected as the study subjects.Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of VDR in biliary epithelial cells, and Masson staining was used to determine the degree of liver tissue fibrosis.Based on the VDR expression levels, the 48 BA patients were divided into the significantly low VDR expression group(30 cases)and the normal/high expression group(18 cases).Laboratory testing results within 1 week before Kasai surgery and liver shear wave elastography(SWE)data were collected for all patients.Follow-up was conducted for a period of 0 to 60 months after Kasai surgery or liver transplantation, meanwhile, the occurrence of refractory cholangitis and auto-liver survival time were collected.Results:There was a negative correlation between the degree of liver fibrosis and SWE value in children with BA( r=-0.805, P<0.01).In comparison between the two groups, the significantly low VDR expression group had higher SWE values[(20.57±1.28)kPa vs.(18.02±1.41)kPa, P<0.05], higher liver injury biochemical indicators[ALT(215.8±24.7)U/L vs.(182.6±21.2)U/L, P=0.021; AST(165.4±22.3)U/L vs.(139.6±21.4)U/L, P=0.014], a higher frequency of post-Kasai surgery refractory cholangitis(60.00% vs.22.22%, P=0.037), and a shorter median autologous liver survival time(27.00 months vs.36.00 months, P=0.032)than those in the normal/high expression group. Conclusion:The significant decrease in VDR expression in biliary epithelial cells may serve as an indicator of poor prognosis in BA.

OBJECTIVES: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has recently been investigated as a new inflammatory marker in many inflammatory diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and immunoglobulin A vasculitis. However, there were very few reports regarding the clinical role of PLR in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis. This study was thus undertaken to investigate the relationship between inflammatory response and disease activity in Chinese patients with myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA) associated vasculitis. Furthermore, we evaluated whether PLR predicts the progression of end stage of renal disease (ESRD) and all-cause mortality. METHODS: The clinical, laboratory and pathological data, and the outcomes of MPO-ANCA associated vasculitis patients were collected. The Spearman correlation coefficient was computed to examine the association between 2 continuous variables. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the association between PLR and ESRD or all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 190 consecutive patients with MPO-ANCA associated vasculitis were included in this study. Baseline PLR was positively correlated with CRP (r=0.333, P<0.001) and ESR (r=0.218, P=0.003). PLR had no obvious correlation with Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). Patients having PLR≥330 exhibited better cumulative renal survival rates than those having PLR<330 (P=0.017). However, there was no significant difference in the cumulative patient survival rates between patients with PLR≥330 and those with PLR<330 at diagnosis (P>0.05). In multivariate analysis, PLR is associated with the decreased risk of ESRD (P=0.038, HR=0.518, 95% CI 0.278 to 0.963). We did not find an association between PLR with all-cause mortality using multivariate analysis (HR=1.081, 95% CI 0.591 to 1.976, P=0.801). CONCLUSIONS PLR is positively correlated with CRP and ESR. Furthermore, PLR may independently predict the risk of ESRD.
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/diagnosis* ; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic/analysis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications* ; Lymphocytes ; Peroxidase ; Retrospective Studies

【Objective】 To systematically evaluate the incidence of donation related vasovagal reactions (DRVR) in China by Meta-analysis method and discuss the risk factors of DRVR, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of DRVR. 【Methods】 Cochrane Library, PubMed, WanFang Data CNKI and other electronic databases were retrieved to collect research literature concerning the incidence and risk factors of DRVR among whole blood donors in mainland China, with the publishing duration setting from 1998 to 2020. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted the data, and evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Then Stata was used for Meta-analysis. 【Results】 A total of 63 studies involving 6 043 945 donors were included. The prevalence of DRVR was 1.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9%~1.1%, I²=99.7%, P<0.01). The prevalence of DRVR in females (1.4%, 95% CI: 1.0-1.8%, I²=99.6%, P<0.01) was higher than that in males (1.1%, 95 % CI: 0.8-1.4%, I²=99.6%, P<0.01). The incidence of DRVR was 1.3% (95%CI: 0.8-1.8, I²=97.9%, P<0.01), 0.8% (95%CI: 0.5-1.0, I²=95.0%, P<0.01), 0.4% (95%CI: 0.3-0.5, I²=88.5%, P<0.01) and 0.3% (95%CI: 0.1-0.6, I²=96.1%, P<0.01) in the age groups of 18-25, 26-35, 36-45 and 46-55, respectively, and the incidence of DRVR decreased with age(P<0.01). From 1998 to 2020, the incidence of DRVR decreased year by year (P<0.01). The prevalence in first-time donors (1.5%, 95% CI: 1.3-1.8, I²=98.6%, P<0.01) was higher than that of regular donors (0.6%, 95% CI: 0.5-0.7%, I²=97.2%, P<0.01). Anxiety was the major risk factor for DRVR. 【Conclusion】 Our results indicate that blood centers should strengthen the monitoring of DRVR. More attention should be paid to young women, more comfort given to first-time blood donors, and a more perfect system developed to reduce the occurrence of DRVR.

Objective:To explore the clinical application effect of handover record sheet between hospitals based on situation-background-assessment-recommendation (SBAR) model.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, patients who underwent inter-hospital transfer in the general surgery ward of Peking University Third Hospital from August 2020 to August 2021 were selected. The quality of patient transfer, adverse events of patient transfer and nurses' satisfaction with use were analyzed.Results:A total of 90 patients were included, and there were no adverse events such as falls, pipeline slippage and accidental injuries during the transfer process. The score of handover quality was (6.47±0.68) and the handover quality was good. The score of nurses' satisfaction with the use of handover record sheet was (88.12+12.62) and the overall score was high.Conclusions:The inter-hospital handover record sheet based on the SBAR model conforms to the clinical scenario, which has good clinical application effect. It can improve the quality of patient transfer and ensure the safety of patient transfer.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of cluster nursing on the prevention of perioperative urinary catheter associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) in patients with spinal fracture.Methods:A retrospective case-control method was used to select 160 patients with spinal fracture admitted to the department of spinal cord injury in emergency care from January 2018 to March 2020 in the Department of Orthopaedics General Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army as study subjects, 80 patients admitted to the department of spinal cord injury from January to December 2018 were set as the control group, and 80 patients admitted from January 2019 to March 2020 as the observation group. The control group was given standardized clinical nursing measures during the perioperative period, while the observation group was given cluster nursing measures. The duration of indwelling of catheters, the incidence of catheter reinsertion and the incidence of CAUTI were compared between the two groups.Results:The catheter indwelling time in the observation group was (3.37±0.64) days, lower than that in the control group (6.35±1.52) days. The incidence of catheter insertion and CAUTI was 5.00%(4/80), 3.80%(3/80) in the observation group, lower than 11.30%(9/80), 11.60%(13/80) in the control group. The differences were statistically significant ( χ2 values were -2.927, -2.654, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Cluster nursing intervention for patients with spinal fracture in the perioperative period can effectively shorten the catheter indwelling time, reduce the incidence of catheter re-insertion and the incidence of patients with CAUTI, significantly improve the quality of clinical care in the department, and have positive significance for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients.

Objective:To explore the expression and clinical significance of immunosuppressive receptor T cell immunoglobulin and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT) on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in silicosis patients with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Methods:August 2018, a total of 78 patients with silicosis (all were quarry workers in Sanmen County, Zhejiang Province) were enrolled and divided into silicosis combined with active pulmonary tuberculosis group (APTB group), silicosis combined with latent tuberculosis infection group (LTBI group), and simple silicosis with non-tuberculosis infection group (non-TB group). Flow cytometry was used to analyze the expressions of TIGIT, programmed death-1 (PD-1) and transcription factor T-bet on PBMC from patients. Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlations analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results:Among the 78 patients, eight were in the APTB group, 24 in the LTBI group, and 46 in the non-TB group. The expressions of PD-1 and TIGIT on CD8 + T cells in the APTB group (29.45%(16.78%) and 65.40%(12.12%), respectively) were significantly higher than those in the LTBI group (17.40%(11.17%) and 48.30%(28.75%), respectively; U=23.500 and 43.500, respectively, P=0.000 8 and 0.020 5, respectively) and non-TB group (15.95%(12.46%) and 45.30%(19.75%), respectively; U=64.000 and 69.000, respectively, P=0.002 3 and 0.003 8, respectively), and the differences were all statistically significant. The expression of TIGIT was positively correlated with PD-1 on CD8 + T cells in silicosis patients ( r=0.434 3, P<0.01). The proportion of PD-1 + TIGIT + CD8 + T cells in the APTB group (19.90%(22.67%)) was significantly higher than those in the non-TB group (11.55%(11.29%), U=76.500, P=0.007 1) and LTBI group (11.55%(10.53%), U=41.000, P=0.015 4), while the proportion of PD-1 -TIGIT -CD8 + T cells in the APTB group (30.60%(12.90%)) was significantly lower than non-TB group (48.90%(18.98%), U=58.000, P=0.001 3) and LTBI group (47.20%(24.59%), U=41.000, P=0.015 4). The differences were all statistically significant. The expression of T-bet on the peripheral blood CD8 + T cells in the APTB group (29.45%(16.78%)) was higher than that in the non-TB group (15.95%(12.46%)) and the LTBI group (17.40%(11.17%)), and the differences were both statistically significant ( U=46.500 and 46.000, respectively, P=0.000 3 and 0.028 3, respectively). The expression of T-bet on CD8 + T cells was positively correlated with TIGIT on CD8 + T cells ( r=0.456 7, P<0.01). The expression of T-bet on PD-1 + TIGIT + CD8 + T cells in the APTB group (65.40%(12.12%)) was higher than those in the LTBI group (48.30%(28.75%), U=23.500, P=0.000 8) and non-TB group (45.30%(19.75%), U=65.000, P=0.002 6), and the differences were both statistically significant. Conclusion:The immunosuppressive receptor PD-1 and TIGIT are highly expressed on CD8 + T cells in silicosis patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis, which indicates CD8 + T cells exhaustion in these population, while the highly co-expression of T-bet suggests the exhausted subsets may have reversed potentiality.