ObjectiveTo analyze the influencing factors for recurrence in successfully treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients with isoniazid-resistant and rifampicin-sensitive in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province. MethodsData on general demographic information, treatment information and drug susceptibility test results for pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to the designated tuberculosis medical institutions and registered in the tuberculosis information management system was collected in Shaoxing City from January 2011 to August 2024. A total of 428 patients with isoniazid resistance (including isoniazid single resistance and multiple resistance) but who were successfully treated were included in the study. Information for the recurrence after successful treatment of the patients was analyzed. The Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the influencing factors of recurrence in patients. ResultsAmong the 428 successfully treated patients included in the study, 31 cases (accounting for 7.24%) had recurrence by the end of the observation period, with a recurrence rate density of 1.31 per 100 person-years and a median recurrence time of 0.99 (0.08, 8.27) years. Among the relapsed population, 51.61% of the patients relapsed within one year after successful treatment. 77.42% of the patients relapsed within two years after successful treatment. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that when isoniazid resistance was discovered, the diagnosis classification of relapse (HR=4.115, 95%CI: 1.734‒9.767) and positive 0-month sequence smear (HR=4.457, 95%CI: 1.053‒18.866) were risk factors for recurrence after successful treatment in patients. ConclusionRegular follow-up should be strengthened for at least two years after the successful treatment of isoniazid-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Special attention should be paid to the treatment effect and regular re-examination and monitoring after the end of the treatment course of isoniazid-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients who have been re-treated and were sputum smear positive at baseline, so as to prevent recurrence and disease progression in high-risk populations.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections in Shaoxing City from 2012 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for improving the control strategy of genital C. trachomatis infections. Methods: Data pertaining of patients with genital C. trachomatis infections in Shaoxing City from 2012 to 2021 were retrieved from Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and the incidence of genital C. trachomatis infections was calculated. The trends in incidence of genital C. trachomatis infections were analyzed using annual percent change (APC), and temporal, human and temporal distributions of genital C. trachomatis infections were descriptively analyzed. Results: A total of 18 235 cases with genital C. trachomatis infection were reported in Shaoxing City from 2012 to 2021, and the annual average incidence was 36.36/105. The incidence of genital C. trachomatis infections appeared a tendency towards a rise in Shaoxing City from 2012 to 2021 (APC=4.51%, t=2.663, P=0.029). The reported incidence of genital C. trachomatis infections was significantly higher among females than among males (60.46/105 vs. 12.50/105; χ2=7 935.467, P<0.001), and 76.04% infections (13 866 cases) occurred at ages of 20 to <40 years, while a high incidence rate of genital C. trachomatis infections was seen among patients at ages of 25 to <30 years (154.23/105). In addition, high incidence rates were seen in Keqiao District (57.93/105) and Yuecheng District (51.78/105). Conclusions The incidence of genital C. trachomatis infections appeared a tendency towards a rise in Shaoxing City from 2012 to 2021, and the infection predominately occurred among women and young individuals.

At present, the upper limb function of stroke patients is often assessed clinically using a scale method, but this method has problems such as time-consuming, poor consistency of assessment results, and high participation of rehabilitation physicians. To overcome the shortcomings of the scale method, intelligent upper limb function assessment systems combining sensors and machine learning algorithms have become one of the hot research topics in recent years. Firstly, the commonly used clinical upper limb functional assessment methods are analyzed and summarized. Then the researches on intelligent assessment systems in recent years are reviewed, focusing on the technologies used in the data acquisition and data processing parts of intelligent assessment systems and their advantages and disadvantages. Lastly, the current challenges and future development directions of intelligent assessment systems are discussed. This review is hoped to provide valuable reference information for researchers in related fields.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Physical Therapy Modalities ; Stroke/diagnosis* ; Stroke Rehabilitation ; Upper Extremity

OBJECTIVES: Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) has recently been investigated as a new inflammatory marker in many inflammatory diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and immunoglobulin A vasculitis. However, there were very few reports regarding the clinical role of PLR in patients with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis. This study was thus undertaken to investigate the relationship between inflammatory response and disease activity in Chinese patients with myeloperoxidase-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA) associated vasculitis. Furthermore, we evaluated whether PLR predicts the progression of end stage of renal disease (ESRD) and all-cause mortality. METHODS: The clinical, laboratory and pathological data, and the outcomes of MPO-ANCA associated vasculitis patients were collected. The Spearman correlation coefficient was computed to examine the association between 2 continuous variables. Cox regression analysis was used to estimate the association between PLR and ESRD or all-cause mortality. RESULTS: A total of 190 consecutive patients with MPO-ANCA associated vasculitis were included in this study. Baseline PLR was positively correlated with CRP (r=0.333, P<0.001) and ESR (r=0.218, P=0.003). PLR had no obvious correlation with Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). Patients having PLR≥330 exhibited better cumulative renal survival rates than those having PLR<330 (P=0.017). However, there was no significant difference in the cumulative patient survival rates between patients with PLR≥330 and those with PLR<330 at diagnosis (P>0.05). In multivariate analysis, PLR is associated with the decreased risk of ESRD (P=0.038, HR=0.518, 95% CI 0.278 to 0.963). We did not find an association between PLR with all-cause mortality using multivariate analysis (HR=1.081, 95% CI 0.591 to 1.976, P=0.801). CONCLUSIONS PLR is positively correlated with CRP and ESR. Furthermore, PLR may independently predict the risk of ESRD.
Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis/diagnosis* ; Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic/analysis* ; China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications* ; Lymphocytes ; Peroxidase ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To analyze the effects of espO gene knockout on the biological characteristics of enterhemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC). Methods:Two-step methods mediated by the suicide plasmid pCVD442-Δ espO and plasmid pTrc99a were used to construct the espO gene-deleted strain (Δ espO) and the complemented mutant (CΔ espO), respectively. HeLa cells were infected with different EHEC strains to analyze the biological functions and lethal effects of espO gene during infection. Results:PCR, electrophoresis and gene sequencing showed that the Δ espO and CΔ espO mutants were successfully constructed. Compared with the wild-type strain, neither the Δ espO nor CΔ espO mutant showed significant difference in growth rate, indicating that the espO gene had no influence on the growth and replication of EHEC. Furthermore, EspO could activate the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF)-induced NF-κB signaling pathway, while the effector protein NleB could inhibit the process. EspO could not inhibit the death of HeLa cells induced by TNF or TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) after EHEC infection. Conclusions:In this study, we successfully constructed the espO gene-deleted and complemented mutants of EHEC and preliminarily analyzed the interaction between espO gene and host cells and the effects of espO gene on cell apoptosis during infection, which provided reference for further research on the in vitro biochemical activity and in vivo pathogenic roles of EspO.

Objective:To understand the distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in Anyang City, Henan Province, and to provide scientific basis for control of brucellosis.Methods:The epidemic data and population data of human brucellosis in 2019 in Anyang City were collected from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and the epidemiological and clinical data were collected by Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to sort out and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of brucellosis.Results:In 2019, 128 cases of brucellosis were reported in Anyang City, with an incidence rate of 3.12/100 000 (128/4 096 193). Among them, 85 cases were male and 43 cases were female, the sex ratio of male to female was 1.98∶1.00; the youngest was 1 year old, and the oldest was 83 years old, there were 100 cases between 40 and 69 years old, accounting for 78.12% (100/128); the main occupation was farmer (119 cases), accounting for 92.97% (119/128); a total of 96 cases had contact history with sheep, accounting for 75.00% (96/128). The peak of incidence was from April to August (81 cases), accounting for 63.28% (81/128). Eight counties (cities and districts) in Anyang City were all affected, and the top three counties (districts) were Yindu District (15.39/100 000, 42/272 983), Longan District (5.16/100 000, 12/232 421) and Neihuang County (4.02/100 000, 27/672 396). The median time from onset to diagnosis was 32.18 d, ranging from 3 to 350 d, 72 cases were ≥ 31 d, accounting for 56.25% (72/128).Conclusions:In 2019, the main population of brucellosis in Anyang City is male middle-aged and elderly farmers, and the main infection route is contact transmission. It is suggested to strengthen the implementation of prevention and control measures of brucellosis.

【Objective】 To develop an assay to determine β-lactam antibiotics using microcolumn gels and to study the β-lactam antibiotics present in the blood of patients and their clinical significances. 【Methods】 446 patients with a history of taking β-lactam antibiotics from January 2019 to June 2019 were randomly selected from Trauma Emergency Center, Department of Arthrosis, Department of Spine and Department of Bone Oncology of our hospital, and 4 mL(per capita) venous blood was collected. Irregular antibody screening, anti-globulin detection and drug antibody determination were performed by microcolumn gel method. The data of gender, age, disease, blood transfusion history and medication were collected. The test results and clinical data were retrospective analyzed. 【Results】 The yielding rate of antibody was 0.45%(2/446) in patients with a history of taking β -lactam antibiotics. 16.38%(73/446) of the samples were positive in direct antiglobulin test, and 64.38%(47/73) of them did not agglutinate with RBCs treated with drugs. The yielding rate of specific antibodies against drug was 4.93%(22/446), and the titer ranged from 2 to 128(8). 1 case of auto-IgM antibody, 1 case of blood group related antibody and 2 cases of non-specific protein adsorption were detected. The yielding rate of drug antibody in patients with blood transfusion history reached to 12.10 %(22/124), so it was also high in patients with bone tumor. 【Conclusion】 Direct antiglobulin assay is helpful for the detection of β-lactam antibodies. The negative results of antibody screening cannot completely exclude the presence of drug antibodies. The yielding rate of drug antibody can be greatly improved by specific drug antibody detection, and it was higher in transfused patients relative to non-transfused one.

Objective:To investigate the current status of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing knowledge-attitude-practice of newly recruited nurses in TCM hospitals, so as to provide evidence for improving the standardized training of TCM nursing among newly-recruited nurses.Methods:From March to April in 2020, a total of 800 newly-recruited nurses from 6 TCM hospitals above the municipal level in Hunan Province were selected as research objects by convenient sampling method. The investigation was conducted by TCM Nursing Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Questionnaire. A total of 800 questionnaires were distributed and 768 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 96%.Results:The total score of the Knowledge-Attitude-Practice Questionnaire of the newly recruited nurses of the TCM hospital was (191.61±41.80) ; the scores of knowledge and attitude dimension were (73.93±17.21) and (78.17±15.81) , at a middle level; the score of practice dimension was (39.51±8.78) , at a low level. There were significant differences in the total score of the questionnaire among the new nurses with different hospital levels, working years, whether they graduated from a college of TCM and whether they had received the training of TCM nursing knowledge-attitude-practice ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:The newly recruited nurses in TCM hospitals have a high level of TCM nursing knowledge and a positive attitude towards TCM nursing. However, in clinical work, TCM nursing has poor application ability and insufficient use of clinical skills. In-depth study of TCM nursing knowledge should be strengthened, focusing on the cultivation of TCM nursing thinking. It is also important to improve laws, regulations and related rules, and to conduct training according to the different characteristics of new nurses.

Objective To explore the influence of disability acceptance and resilience on stigma in laryngeal carcinoma patients with permanent tracheostomy and analyze the impact path. Methods From June 2016 to August 2018, this study selected 264 laryngeal carcinoma patients with permanent tracheostomy of Inpatient and Outpatient Department in Guangxi Medical University Affiliated Tumor Hospital as subjects by convenience sampling. All patients were investigated with the Social Impact Scale (SIS), Acceptance of Disability Scale (AODS) and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC10). The correlations were analyzed and structure equation model was used to path analysis. A total of 264 questionnaire were sent out and 256 valid questionnaires were collected. Results Among those patients with permanent tracheostomy, the total scores of stigma, disability acceptance and resilience were (61.50±9.27), (76.88±9.34) and (26.49±4.05) respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the scores of disability acceptance and resilience had negative correlations with stigma with statistical differences (P< 0.01). Structure equation model analysis showed that disability acceptance and resilience of laryngeal carcinoma patients with permanenttracheostomy had direct effect on stigma (β=-0.43,-0.28), the indirect effect of disability acceptance on stigma by resilience was -0.06. Conclusions Laryngeal carcinoma patients with permanenttracheostomy have a high level of stigma, the disability acceptance and resilience has significant roles on stigma.

A software and hardware platform for gait simulation and system evaluation for lower limb intelligent prosthesis is proposed and designed, in order that the wearable symmetry effect of the intelligent knee prosthesis can be quantitatively analyzed by machine test instead of human wear test. The whole-body three-dimensional gait and motion analysis system instrument, a device to collect gait data such as joint angle and stride of adults, was used for extracting simulated gait characteristic curve. Then, the gait curve was fitted based on the corresponding joint to verify the feasibility of the test platform in the experiment. Finally, the developed artificial knee prosthesis was worn on the prosthetic evaluation system to quantitatively analyze the gait symmetry effect. The results showed that there was no significant difference in gait symmetry between the developed knee joints at different speeds, which could reach more than 88%. The simulation and evaluation of the prosthetic gait have good effects on the functional simulation and evaluation of the lower limb intelligent prosthesis.
Adult ; Artificial Limbs ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Gait ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; Knee Prosthesis ; Prosthesis Design