Objective To investigate the incidence trend of infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Yangpu District, Shanghai, and to provide scientific reference for prevention and control strategies of infectious diseases among key populations. Methods Descriptive epidemiology method and Joinpoint regression analysis model were used to analyze the surveillance data of infectious diseases among kindergarten children. Results The average annual reported incidence of infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Yangpu District was 3,344.08/100,000, showing a downward trend (AAPC=-5.51, 95%CI: -13.02~2.63). Intestinal (65.49%) and respiratory (34.48%) infectious diseases were the main cases. There were 7,378 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease (62.95%), 1,885 cases of influenza (16.08%), 1,378 cases of varicella (11.76%), and 392 cases of mumps (3.34%), accounting for 94.14% of all reported cases. Hand, foot and mouth disease (AAPC=-17.68%, 95%CI: -27.52~-6.51), mumps (AAPC=-9.33, 95%CI: -14.86~-3.45) and varicella (AAPC=-7.32, 95%CI: -17.35~3.93) showed an overall decreasing trend, while influenza (AAPC=32.19, 95%CI: 12.49-55.34) was on the rise. The incidence of the disease showed double peak distribution, and the high incidence months were from May to July and from September to December. The male to female ratio was 1.39:1. Conclusion The incidence of infectious diseases among kindergarten children in Yangpu District shows a downward trend. It is necessary to continue to increase the coverage rate of Enterovirus 71(EV71), influenza, chickenpox and MMR combined live attenuated vaccine, strengthen monitoring and early warning, actively carry out health guidance, and effectively control the occurrence of common infectious diseases in kindergarten children.

This article reports a patient with long-term ulcerative colitis (UC) who was initially diagnosed as eosinophilic gastroenteritis due to a increase in peripheral blood eosinophils. During the diagnosis and treatment process, acute myocardial infarction was repeatedly induced. The patient was eventually diagnosed as UC complicated by amoebic infection and improved after anti-infective therapy. Through case analysis and literature review, this article discusses the diagnosis and treatment strategies for UC complicated by rare opportunistic infections.

BACKGROUND:It is urgent to improve the study on the molecular mechanism of Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction improving oocyte quality in polycystic ovary syndrome.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction on oocyte quality in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome and to explore the underlying mechanisms of its intervention in polycystic ovary syndrome.METHODS:Subcutaneous injection of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate was used to establish the polycystic ovary syndrome model in 21-day-old female Kunming mice,and the treatment was conducted for 21 consecutive days.The estrous cycle and pregnancy was recorded.ELISA was used to detect serum sex hormone levels.The rate of apoptosis in oocytes was detected using Annexin V staining.The level of reactive oxygen species in oocytes was detected using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate.The condition of spindle bodies and chromosomes in oocytes were detected using the immunofluorescence method.Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to verify the binding properties of Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction core active components and oocyte maturation-related factors(growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15).Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15 in oocytes,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction core active components(quercetin,kaempferol,and β-sitosterol)showed good binding activities with growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15.(2)Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction ameliorated the estrous cycle,regulated serum hormone,increased the pregnancy,decreased the rate of apoptosis,declined the level of reactive oxygen species,diminished the rate of abnormal spindle assembly and chromosome loss(P<0.01,P<0.05);and promoted the mRNA and protein expression of growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15(P<0.05).Therefore,Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction may improve the oocyte quality and increase the fertility of polycystic ovary syndrome mice by regulating the gene expression of growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15.

Objective:To explore how government departments can mobilize the enthusiasm of family doctors and residents to fulfill their obligations,and under what circumstances the three parties in the game will reach a stable state of government"encouragement",family doctors"effort",and residents"signing contracts".Methods:It constructs a three party evolutionary game model using evolutionary game theory,and conducts numerical simulations on the model using Matlab2022a Software to analyze its strategy choices under different conditions.Results:The key factors affecting the choice of the three party strategy in the game include government regulatory costs,policy subsidies,health benefits and economic costs of residents signing contracts.Conclusion:There is an optimal subsidy range for government financial subsidies,and residents'strategic choices are influenced by health benefits and economic costs.Changes in government supervision costs affect the strategic choices of family doctors.Measures such as formulating reasonable policy subsidy schemes,controlling transaction costs,and improving supervision mechanisms can promote the transformation of game players towards"encouragement,effort,and signing".

This article reports a patient with long-term ulcerative colitis (UC) who was initially diagnosed as eosinophilic gastroenteritis due to a increase in peripheral blood eosinophils. During the diagnosis and treatment process, acute myocardial infarction was repeatedly induced. The patient was eventually diagnosed as UC complicated by amoebic infection and improved after anti-infective therapy. Through case analysis and literature review, this article discusses the diagnosis and treatment strategies for UC complicated by rare opportunistic infections.

Objective:To explore how government departments can mobilize the enthusiasm of family doctors and residents to fulfill their obligations,and under what circumstances the three parties in the game will reach a stable state of government"encouragement",family doctors"effort",and residents"signing contracts".Methods:It constructs a three party evolutionary game model using evolutionary game theory,and conducts numerical simulations on the model using Matlab2022a Software to analyze its strategy choices under different conditions.Results:The key factors affecting the choice of the three party strategy in the game include government regulatory costs,policy subsidies,health benefits and economic costs of residents signing contracts.Conclusion:There is an optimal subsidy range for government financial subsidies,and residents'strategic choices are influenced by health benefits and economic costs.Changes in government supervision costs affect the strategic choices of family doctors.Measures such as formulating reasonable policy subsidy schemes,controlling transaction costs,and improving supervision mechanisms can promote the transformation of game players towards"encouragement,effort,and signing".

BACKGROUND:It is urgent to improve the study on the molecular mechanism of Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction improving oocyte quality in polycystic ovary syndrome.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction on oocyte quality in a mouse model of polycystic ovary syndrome and to explore the underlying mechanisms of its intervention in polycystic ovary syndrome.METHODS:Subcutaneous injection of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate was used to establish the polycystic ovary syndrome model in 21-day-old female Kunming mice,and the treatment was conducted for 21 consecutive days.The estrous cycle and pregnancy was recorded.ELISA was used to detect serum sex hormone levels.The rate of apoptosis in oocytes was detected using Annexin V staining.The level of reactive oxygen species in oocytes was detected using dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate.The condition of spindle bodies and chromosomes in oocytes were detected using the immunofluorescence method.Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to verify the binding properties of Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction core active components and oocyte maturation-related factors(growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15).Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15 in oocytes,respectively.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction core active components(quercetin,kaempferol,and β-sitosterol)showed good binding activities with growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15.(2)Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction ameliorated the estrous cycle,regulated serum hormone,increased the pregnancy,decreased the rate of apoptosis,declined the level of reactive oxygen species,diminished the rate of abnormal spindle assembly and chromosome loss(P<0.01,P<0.05);and promoted the mRNA and protein expression of growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15(P<0.05).Therefore,Ban's Culuan Zhuyun Decoction may improve the oocyte quality and increase the fertility of polycystic ovary syndrome mice by regulating the gene expression of growth differentiation factor 9 and bone morphogenetic protein 15.

Objective We aimed to study the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution and related influencing factors in patients with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT).Methods A cross-sectional study method was used to enroll IGT patients who attended one of eight collaborating units across China between January and August 2021.Basic information was recorded,physical and laboratory examinations were completed,and the data on TCM constitution were collected according to the"classification and determination table of TCM constitution."Finally,patient information was entered into an Excel table,and the data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0.Results Among the 450 patients,a balanced constitution accounted for 37.3%,yang-deficiency constitution for 15.6%,phlegm-dampness constitution for 14.4%,and dampness-heat constitution for 10.9%.Among the biased constitutions,the proportion of men with dampness-heat constitution was higher than that of women,and the proportion of women with yang-deficiency constitution and blood stasis constitution was significantly higher than that of men(P<0.05).The triglyceride level of patients with phlegm-dampness constitution was higher than that of patients with yang-deficiency constitution(P<0.05);the HDL-cholestrol level of patients with yang-deficiency constitution was higher than that of patients with phlegm-dampness constitution(P<0.05);and the uric acid level of patients with phlegm-dampness constitution,dampness-heat constitution,or yin-deficiency constitution was higher than that of patients with yang-deficiency constitution,and the UA level was the highest in patients with dampness-heat constitution(P<0.05).Conclusion The distribution of TCM constitution in IGT patients was dominated by balanced constitution,followed by yang-deficiency constitution,phlegm-dampness constitution,and dampness-heat constitution.Gender,blood lipid levels,and UA levels were the main factors affecting the constitution status of IGT patients.

The pre-metabolic disease state is the body state of substance metabolism disorder that has not yet reached the physical and chemical indicators of the disease, and abnormal glucose metabolism is often the key link of metabolic disorder. In TCM, the healthy function of the spleen is the cornerstone of the production and distribution of fine substances. This article discussed the pre-metabolic disease state based on the theory of "overflow of Five Qi" in the Nei Jing, taking the loss of spleen preparedness as the starting point, in order to provide new ideas and directions for the prevention and treatment of clinical metabolic diseases.

Objective To compare the positive rate ofthyroid autoantibodies in infertile women with different ovarian reserve function,and investigate the immune factors of diminished ovarian reserve.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on infertile women admitted to Department of Reproductive Medicine of Beijing Gynaecology and Obstetrics Hospital from June to December,2020.The levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH ),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH ),thyroglobulin antibody (TGAb ) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb)were detected in the 526 enrolled infertile patients.According to their AMH level,they were divided into normal ovarian reserve group and diminished ovarian reserve group.After they were stratified according to their age,the differences of TSH,TGAb and TPOAb levels were compared in the different age groups to analyze the related factors for diminished ovarian reserve.Results Univariate analysis showed that the diminished ovarian reserve group had significantly higher positive rates of TPOAb (18.8％ vs 11.1％,P=0.024)and TGAb (18.8％ vs 8.0％,P=0.001 )than the normal ovarian reserve group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age and TGAb positivity were related to diminished ovarian reserve[OR=1.083(95％ CI:1.021～1.150),P=0.008;OR=1.159(95％ CI:1.034～1.301 ),P=0.011].Subgroup analysis suggested that the positive TGAb and TPOAb were significantly correlated with AMH level in the 36-～40-year-old group (P<0.05).Conclusion The infertile women with diminished ovarian reserve have higher TGAb and TPOAb levels,and the diminishment in those aged 36～40 years might be related to the positive TGAb and TPOAb.