Objective: To explore the correlation of balance ability with short term memory and executive function among college students, so as to provide a theoretical basis for balance training and cognitive enhancement in college students. Methods: In November 2024, 80 college students were recruited from Chongqing Normal University. The dynamic and static balance abilities were measured using the Y-balance test(YBT) and PhysioSensing equipment. Short term memory and executive function were assessed through the digital span test, trail making test(TMT) and Stroop colour-word task. Pearson or Spearman analysis was used to explore the correlation between balance ability and cognitive function among college students. Results: The comprehensive scores of the balance YBT for college students were as follows: left side (95.14±5.93)% and right side (95.17±5.24)%.The average sway velocity of static balance under the conditions of stable surface with eyes open, stable surface with eyes closed, unstable surface with eyes open and unstable surface with eyes closed were 27.58(20.45, 37.64), 23.56(17.57, 34.77), 61.15(40.73, 78.05), 55.88 (40.84, 66.65)mm/s. The comprehensive scores of the YBT for both lower limbs in college students were negatively correlated with the time taken for TMT Part A (TMT-A), TMT Part B (TMT-B), and the difference in time spent between TMT-A and TMT-B (TMT-D) ( r =-0.55 to -0.24，all P <0.05). The average sway velocity under the four conditions was positively correlated with TMT-A, TMT-B, TMT-D, consistent reaction time, conflict reaction time and reaction time difference ( r =0.26-0.69，all P < 0.05). Under conditions of normal vestibular sensation with proprioception interference, the visual contribution in college students was negatively correlated with TMT-A, TMT-B, conflict reaction time and reaction time difference ( r =-0.28 to -0.22,all P < 0.05 ). Under conditions of normal vision and vestibular sensation, the proprioception contribution in college students was positively correlated with TMT-A, TMT-B, consistent reaction time, conflict reaction time and reaction time difference( r =0.26-0.39,all P < 0.05). Under conditions of normal vestibular sensation with visual interference, the proprioception contribution in college students was positively correlated with consistent reaction time and conflict reaction time ( r =0.24, 0.25,both P <0.05). Conclusions There is a correlation between balance ability and executive function in college students. When maintaining static balance, if the visual or proprioceptive system is interfered with, college students with poorer executive function rely more on other systems for compensation.

Purpose To explore the relationship between semi-quantitative parameters maximum standard uptake value(SUVmax)and target-background ratio(TBR)of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and the activity of Takayasu arteritis.Materials and Methods A total of 110 patients with Takayasu arteritis from February 2016 to December 2022 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT images were retrospectively reviewed.All Takayasu arteritis patients were divided into active(92 cases)and inactive groups(18 cases)according to Kerr score.The region of interest technique was used to measure the SUVmax of the arterial wall,and compares the SUVmax with the average SUV in the center of the inferior vena cava and the maximum SUV measured in the right lobe of the liver to obtain TBRblood pool and TBRliver.The diagnostic efficacy of SUVmax,TBRblood pool and TBRliver in Takayasu arteritis activity was compared using the receiver operating characteristic curve.The relationship between PET/CT parameters and Kerr score,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein was evaluated.Results SUVmax,TBRblood pool and TBRliver in the active group were higher than those in the inactive group[3.70(3.03,5.18)vs.1.45(1.38,1.53),2.50(1.93,3.88)vs.0.91(0.79,1.16)and 1.37(1.00,1.96)vs.0.44(0.39,0.63);Z=5.510-5.900,all P<0.001],respectively.A SUVmax level of 2.65 was shown to be the best predictive cut-off value for Takayasu arteritis disease activity(sensitivity 83.7%,specificity 100%and area under the curve 0.91).A TBRblood pool level of 1.63 was shown to be the best predictive cut-off value for Takayasu arteritis disease activity(sensitivity 83.7%,specificity 94.4%and area under the curve 0.93).A TBRliver level of 0.81 was shown to be the best predictive cut-off value for Takayasu arteritis disease activity(sensitivity 87.0%,specificity 100%and area under the curve 0.94).SUVmax,TBRblood pool,TBRliver were all positively correlated with the Kerr score(r=0.88,0.89.0.90,all P<0.001),among which the correlation coefficient between TBRliver and the Kerr score was the highest.Conclusion SUVmax,TBRblood pool and TBRliver can evaluate disease activity in Takayasu arteritis patients,with TBRliver being the best.

Objective:To establish a quality standard for the bacterial endotoxin test method of fructose sodium diphosphate injections(FDP injections),so as to provide reference for the formulation and revision of the national standard for this drug.Methods:The interference test and bacterial endotoxins test of 22 batch samples of FDP in-jections from nine manufacturers were performed with TALs,and the bacterial endotoxins of samples were tested and the results were judged.Results:A bacterial endotoxin limit value of 0.72 EU·mg-1 for fructose sodium diphos-phate was established,which was suitable for 22 batches of FDP injections met the requirements.Conclusion:The bacterial endotoxin test method established in this study can be used to substitute the rabbit pyrogen test and meet the quality control requirements of FDP injections.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic systems in cervical cytopathological examination.Methods:Cervical cytology slide data were retrospectively collected from four hospitals for the external validation of the developed artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system. Subsequently, prospective data collection was conducted for human-machine assisted studies.Results:In the retrospective study, a total of 3 162 valid samples were collected as external validation data. The system showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.890 (95% CI: 0.878-0.902), accuracy of 0.885 (95% CI: 0.873-0.896), sensitivity of 0.928 (95% CI: 0.914-0.941), and specificity of 0.852 (95% CI: 0.834-0.867). In the prospective study, 212 valid samples were collected, and five junior cytologists participated in the human-machine assisted study. Without artificial intelligence assistance, the average AUC for the five cytologists was 0.686 (95% CI: 0.650-0.722), the accuracy was 0.699 (95% CI: 0.671-0.727), the sensitivity was 0.653 (95% CI: 0.599-0.703), the specificity was 0.719 (95% CI: 0.685-0.750), the Fleiss κ value was 0.510, and the reading time was 223 seconds. With artificial intelligence assistance, the AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity increased by 0.166, 0.143, 0.225, and 0.107, respectively. Additionally, Fleiss κ was 0.730 and the reading time decreased by 188 seconds. All differences were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Conclusions:Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system shows excellent performance and good generalizability, significantly improving the diagnostic accuracy, consistency, and efficiency of junior cytologists. It can be an effective auxiliary tool for junior cytologists in clinical practice.

In recent years,more and more researches has focused on the correlation between cognitive activity and physiological variables.The change of pupil is regarded as an important target in the cognitive process,and has become a hot research field.This review focuses on the three key brain regions that regulate pupil change,and reflects the neurophysiological mechanism behind pupil change by elaborating the neural pathways related to pupil change and cognitive performance.Based on recent studies on pupil change in cognitive diseases,it aims to promote the application of pupil change in the field of cognitive science in the future.

Aging is a natural process in which tissue and organ function declines as organisms age. Aging is the inevitable outcome of the organism and is irreversible. The aging process is accompanied by degenerative changes in the morphological structure of multiple organs of the body, leading to an increase in the incidence of chronic diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes year by year. In recent years, natural phytochemicals have attracted widespread attention from the public due to their advantages such as non-toxicity or low toxicity, low cost, and various biological activities. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is a dietary polyphenol extracted from green tea, which has a variety of biological functions including anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and anti-aging activities. The EGCG-mediated anti-aging mechanism has been investigated in many studies with different aging models. This article reviews the research progress on rodents, nematodes, fruit flies, and cell aging models, focusing on summarizing the lifespan extension and physiological changes of rodents, nematodes and fruit flies after EGCG intervention from multiple angles, and exploring potential mechanism by which EGCG delays aging and extends lifespan. This review provides a theoretical reference for the study of the anti-aging mechanism of phytochemicals.

Purpose To explore the relationship between semi-quantitative parameters maximum standard uptake value(SUVmax)and target-background ratio(TBR)of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and the activity of Takayasu arteritis.Materials and Methods A total of 110 patients with Takayasu arteritis from February 2016 to December 2022 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT images were retrospectively reviewed.All Takayasu arteritis patients were divided into active(92 cases)and inactive groups(18 cases)according to Kerr score.The region of interest technique was used to measure the SUVmax of the arterial wall,and compares the SUVmax with the average SUV in the center of the inferior vena cava and the maximum SUV measured in the right lobe of the liver to obtain TBRblood pool and TBRliver.The diagnostic efficacy of SUVmax,TBRblood pool and TBRliver in Takayasu arteritis activity was compared using the receiver operating characteristic curve.The relationship between PET/CT parameters and Kerr score,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein was evaluated.Results SUVmax,TBRblood pool and TBRliver in the active group were higher than those in the inactive group[3.70(3.03,5.18)vs.1.45(1.38,1.53),2.50(1.93,3.88)vs.0.91(0.79,1.16)and 1.37(1.00,1.96)vs.0.44(0.39,0.63);Z=5.510-5.900,all P<0.001],respectively.A SUVmax level of 2.65 was shown to be the best predictive cut-off value for Takayasu arteritis disease activity(sensitivity 83.7%,specificity 100%and area under the curve 0.91).A TBRblood pool level of 1.63 was shown to be the best predictive cut-off value for Takayasu arteritis disease activity(sensitivity 83.7%,specificity 94.4%and area under the curve 0.93).A TBRliver level of 0.81 was shown to be the best predictive cut-off value for Takayasu arteritis disease activity(sensitivity 87.0%,specificity 100%and area under the curve 0.94).SUVmax,TBRblood pool,TBRliver were all positively correlated with the Kerr score(r=0.88,0.89.0.90,all P<0.001),among which the correlation coefficient between TBRliver and the Kerr score was the highest.Conclusion SUVmax,TBRblood pool and TBRliver can evaluate disease activity in Takayasu arteritis patients,with TBRliver being the best.

Objective:To establish a quality standard for the bacterial endotoxin test method of fructose sodium diphosphate injections(FDP injections),so as to provide reference for the formulation and revision of the national standard for this drug.Methods:The interference test and bacterial endotoxins test of 22 batch samples of FDP in-jections from nine manufacturers were performed with TALs,and the bacterial endotoxins of samples were tested and the results were judged.Results:A bacterial endotoxin limit value of 0.72 EU·mg-1 for fructose sodium diphos-phate was established,which was suitable for 22 batches of FDP injections met the requirements.Conclusion:The bacterial endotoxin test method established in this study can be used to substitute the rabbit pyrogen test and meet the quality control requirements of FDP injections.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic systems in cervical cytopathological examination.Methods:Cervical cytology slide data were retrospectively collected from four hospitals for the external validation of the developed artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostic system. Subsequently, prospective data collection was conducted for human-machine assisted studies.Results:In the retrospective study, a total of 3 162 valid samples were collected as external validation data. The system showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.890 (95% CI: 0.878-0.902), accuracy of 0.885 (95% CI: 0.873-0.896), sensitivity of 0.928 (95% CI: 0.914-0.941), and specificity of 0.852 (95% CI: 0.834-0.867). In the prospective study, 212 valid samples were collected, and five junior cytologists participated in the human-machine assisted study. Without artificial intelligence assistance, the average AUC for the five cytologists was 0.686 (95% CI: 0.650-0.722), the accuracy was 0.699 (95% CI: 0.671-0.727), the sensitivity was 0.653 (95% CI: 0.599-0.703), the specificity was 0.719 (95% CI: 0.685-0.750), the Fleiss κ value was 0.510, and the reading time was 223 seconds. With artificial intelligence assistance, the AUC, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity increased by 0.166, 0.143, 0.225, and 0.107, respectively. Additionally, Fleiss κ was 0.730 and the reading time decreased by 188 seconds. All differences were statistically significant (all P<0.001). Conclusions:Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system shows excellent performance and good generalizability, significantly improving the diagnostic accuracy, consistency, and efficiency of junior cytologists. It can be an effective auxiliary tool for junior cytologists in clinical practice.

Spinal surgical site infection (SSI), especially deep SSI after internal fixation is difficult in treatment, with long course of disease and poor prognosis. At present, there are many controversies in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, with unsatisfactory overall efficacy of its diagnosis and treatment. Besides, no diagnosis and treatment guideline based on evidence-based medicine has been in existence. To this end, the Spinal Infection Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association and the Spinal Infection Group of the Spinal Surgery Branch of the Chinese Rehabilitation Medicine Association jointly organized relevant experts to formulate Evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of surgical site infection in spinal trauma ( version 2024) based on an evidence-based approach. A total of 10 recommendations were proposed on the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, so as to provide a clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI.