[Objective] To analyze the prevalence of human T-lymphocyte leukemia virus (HTLV) among blood donors in Guangzhou from 2016 to 2021, and provide a basis for blood collection and supply management in this region. [Methods] A total of 2 116 951 voluntary blood donors were screened for anti-HTLV by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) from March 2016 to December 2021 in Guangzhou, and the reactive cases were further confirmed by Western blotting (WB). Qualitative data were analyzed by χ2 with spss19 software. The trend of the total positive rate of HTLV confirmation test by WB from 2016 to 2021 was analyzed with the Joinpoint software, and the annual percent change (APC) was used to determine whether the trend changes were statistically significant. [Results] From March 2016 to December 2021, the total positive rate for anti-HTLV by ELISA among voluntary blood donors in Guangzhou was 0.019 7% (416/ 2116 951), and the WB confirmed positive rate was 0.001 1% (23/2 116 951). The total positive rate of HTLV among individual voluntary blood donors in the six main districts (0.002 12%, 19/895 301) was higher than that among group voluntary blood donors (0.000 32%, 3/951 947) (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total positive rate of HTLV confirmation between the six main districts (0.001 19%) and the three non-main districts (0.000 37%) (P>0.05). The trend of the total positive rate of HTLV infection in the six main districts and the Guangzhou area(including the six main districts and three non-main districts) showed no significant increase or decrease. [Conclusion] The prevalence of HTLV among blood donors in Guangzhou remains at a low level.

Objective： To analyze the symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract calculi patients combined with mild and moderate benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) after ureteral stent implantation. Methods： One hundred and six BPH patients who were hospitalized for upper urinary tract calculi and had ureteral stents retained from January 2019 to December 2022 were selected and divided into 2 weeks group and 4 weeks group according to the time of removal of ureteral stents after surgery. Their general clinical data were analyzed and compared. International Prostatic Symptom Scale (IPSS), postoperative ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ), and incidence of adverse events after ureteral stent removal were recorded before and after removal. Results： The scores of IPSS were significantly increased in all patients, and symptoms in urinary tract had improved significantly after discharge (P<0.05). Compared with the 2 weeks group, the USSQ score of the 4 weeks group was significantly increased (P<0.05). And no significant adverse event was observed in the 2 weeks group after the removal of ureteral sten. Conclusion： IPSS score and USSQ score increased significantly during stent implantation in BPH patients with lithiasis. And complications increased significantly over time. Following thorough clinical assessment, early ureteral stent removal demonstrates both safety and efficacy, representing an optimal therapeutic approach in selected cases.
Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery* ; Stents ; Ureter/surgery* ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Urinary Calculi/surgery* ; Ureteral Calculi/surgery*

OBJECTIVE: Blood culture remains the gold standard for diagnosing bloodstream infections. Clinical laboratories must ensure the quality of blood culture processes from receipt to obtaining definitive results. We examined laboratory analytical indicators associated with positive blood culture results. METHODS: Blood cultures collected from Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. The mode of transportation (piping logistics delivery vs. staff), source of blood cultures (outpatient/emergency department vs. inpatient department), rotation of personnel, and time of reception (8:00-19:59 vs. 20:00-07:59) were compared between blood culture-positive and -negative results. RESULTS: Between 2020 and 2022, the total positive rate of blood culture was 8.07%. The positive rate of blood cultures in the outpatient/emergency department was significantly higher than that in the inpatient department (12.46% vs. 5.83%; P < 0.0001). The time-to-detection of blood cultures was significantly affected by the delivery mode and personnel rotation. The blood culture positive rate of the total pre-analytical time within 1 h was significantly higher than that within 1-2 h or > 2 h ( P < 0.0170). CONCLUSION Laboratory analytical indicators such as patient source, transportation mode, and personnel rotation significantly impacted the positive detection rate or time of blood culture.
Blood Culture/statistics & numerical data* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data*

The production of healthy agricultural products has increased the demand for innovative and sustainable plant protection technologies, and the rapid advancement of nanotechnology has brought revolutionary breakthroughs to traditional agriculture. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems can not only significantly improve the utilization efficiency of pesticides, achieving enhanced efficacy and reduced application, but also decrease the pesticide residues and environmental pollution. Additionally, they have made breakthrough progress in the stability and persistence of RNA pesticides. This review summarized the research progress on nanopesticides and RNA pesticides, focusing on the mechanisms of nanocarriers in improving pesticide bioactivity and RNA interference (RNAi) efficiency. It also systematically summarized the types of nanomaterials and their applications in pest and disease management and provided an in-depth outlook for the future development of nanopesticides and RNA pesticides, which provided technical support for the high-quality development of agriculture in the future.
Pesticides/chemistry* ; Nanotechnology ; Nanostructures ; RNA ; Agriculture/methods* ; RNA Interference ; Drug Delivery Systems

Objective This study aims to investigate bond strength between zirconia and resin cement through sur-face treatments with Er:YAG laser,Nd:YAG laser,and Si-Zr coating.Methods Seventy-five round pre-sintered zirco-nia discs with a diameter of 18 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm were prepared by a powder compactor.Fifty discs were randomly divided into five groups of 10 discs each and were subjected to five surface treatments:no treatment(control group),sandblasting with alumina particles(sandblasting group),Er:YAG laser treatment(Er:YAG laser group),Nd:YAG laser treatment(Nd:YAG laser group),and Si-Zr coating treatment(Si-Zr coating group).The discs were then bonded to composite resin columns with resin cement.The shear bond strength of each group was tested with a universal tester.Roughness tester,scanning electron mi-croscope(SEM),and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to analyze surface performance.Results The bond strength of the Si-Zr coating group was higher than that of the remaining groups(P<0.05).The difference in bond strength between the sandblasting group and the Er:YAG laser group was not statistically significant(P>0.05),but both of them had higher bond strength than the Nd:YAG laser group(P<0.05).The Si-Zr coating group had the highest sur-face roughness(P<0.05).The surface roughness of the sandblasting,Er:YAG laser,and Nd:YAG laser groups was high-er than that of the control group(P<0.05),but the difference among the three groups was not statistically significant(P>0.05).SEM observations showed irregular scratches on the surface of the sandblasting group and large pits with holes on the surface of the Er:YAG and Nd:YAG laser groups.In the Er:YAG laser group,the crystal structure was replaced by a smooth surface with a large amount of microcracks due to partial melting.Complex porous structures that comprised"is-land-like"structures and mass pores among the grains were observed on the surface of the Si-Zr coating.Only Zr,O,and Y were detected on the surfaces of the control,Er:YAG laser,and Nd:YAG laser groups.Al was found on the surface of the sandblasted group,and a higher proportion of Si was detected on the surface of the Si-Zr coating group.Conclusion Er:YAG laser and Nd:YAG laser treatment on the zirconia ceramic surface could increase roughness and improve the bond strength to resin cement.Si-Zr coating treatment is an effective alternative for increasing the roughness and bond strength of zirconia surface and is superior to sandblasting and laser treatments.

Objective To systematically analyze the effect of rhythmic physical activity on executive function and sub-components in healthy preschool children. Methods Literature in Chinese and English was retrieved from databases such as CNKI,Wanfang Data,EBSCO,PubMed,Google Scholar and Web of Science for researches about the intervention of rhythmic physical activity for executive function of healthy children aged three to six years,up to October,2024.The methodological quali-ty of the researches was evaluated with PEDro Scale,and data were extracted for a systematic review. Results Ten researches,published between 2019 and 2024,from seven countries,were included;and seven were random-ized controlled trials and three were quasi experiment,involving a total of 1 047 children.The scores of the PE-Dro scale ranged five to eight.The rhythmic physical activity intervention was 20 to 50 minutes a time,one to five times a week,for six to 20 weeks.The forms of rhythmic physical activity intervention included sports activi-ties(street dance,flower ball cheerleading,walking,running,jumping and other motor skill exercises),music teaching activities(music perception,rhythm synchronization and music games),dance activities(creative dance,action imitation and role playing)and music performance activities(body percussion,rhythm sticks,sand balls and drums).Rhythmic physical activity was effective on at least one sub-component of executive function.How-ever,five of the seven researches involving cognitive flexibility failed to demonstrate a positive effect.Six re-searches compared the effects of rhythmic physical activity versus other physical activities,and five found that rhythmic physical activity was more effective on executive function. Conclusion Rhythmic physical activity can improve inhibitory control and working memory in preschool children;but the effect on cognitive flexibility remain controversial.

BACKGROUND:After the internal fixation of cannulated screws in femoral neck fractures,because the affected limb is often unable to bear weight in the short term and the implants with high stiffness have a stress shielding effect on the fracture end,it is easy to cause osteoporosis of the affected limb and changes in the biomechanical distribution of the proximal femur,the incidence of osteonecrosis of the femoral head is high after surgery.At present,few studies have been conducted on the biomechanical effects of osteoporosis at the proximal end of the femur occurring after femoral neck fracture surgery on femoral neck fracture treated with cannulated screws. OBJECTIVE:Using finite element analysis,to investigate the biomechanical effects of osteoporosis occurring after femoral neck fracture surgery on femoral neck fracture treated with cannulated screws and explore the role of biomechanical factors in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. METHODS:Based on the obtained CT scan data of the femur in a patient with a femoral neck fracture,a proximal femoral model for internal fixation for femoral neck fracture was established by Mimics 19.0,3-Matic,UG 11.0,Hypermesh 14.0,and Abaqus software.One finite element model of the proximal femur without osteoporosis and three finite element models of the proximal femur with osteoporosis were analyzed using Abaqus software.The stress,contact pressure,displacement peak and cloud map under different components of the four models were measured and analyzed,and the internal stress changes and distribution of the femoral head were compared and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The stresses and contact pressures of the femoral head and lower anterior cannulated screws varied more with the degree of osteoporosis.The peak displacement of the four models increased slowly with the degree of osteoporosis.By one-way analysis of variance,there was no significant effect of the degree of osteoporosis on the peak stress,contact pressure,and displacement of the different components.The internal stress distribution of the femoral head changed with the degree of osteoporosis.Changes in the biomechanical environment of the proximal femur have an important impact on osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Objective: To evaluate the implementation of vaccination certificate verification in Guizhou Province from 2020 to 2022, so as to provide reference for improving the efficiency of vaccination certificate verification and vaccine re inoculation work. Methods: Data was drawn from the 2020-2022 report on the verification of vaccination certificates for children entering daycare and enrollment in various cities and prefectures in Guizhou Province. In July, 2021, Guizhou Province began to implement a new inspection scheme with close cooperation between health and education departments, moving forward the gateway, parents using "Guizhou CDC" WeChat official account for self inspection, and a long term supervision and assessment mechanism. A comparative analysis was conducted on the evaluation of vaccination certificate verification rate, vaccination certificate holding rate, full revaccination rate of the National Immunization Program (NIP) for children and full vaccination rate of the NIP vaccine before(2020) and after(2021 and 2022) the implementation of the new plan. Chi square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: The rate of vaccination certificate verification of children enrolled in kindergarten and primary school in Guizhou Province increased from 99.85% in 2020 to 100% in 2022, the rate of holding certificate increased from 99.55% in 2020 to 99.91% in 2022, the rate of full vaccination NIP vaccines for kindergarten and primary school entry increased from 78.95% in 2020 to 96.59% in 2022, and the rate of full revaccination increased from 42.40% in 2020 to 79.19% in 2022 ( χ 2=2 203.19, 3 651.67, 291 896.31, 103 938.76, P < 0.01 ). Conclusions From 2020 to 2022, the rates of full vaccination and the full revaccination for NIP vaccine among children entering kindergarten in Guizhou Province have increased year by year. Each region should fully utilize the achievements of immunization planning informatization construction to establish effective inspection work ideas, and ensure that eligible children complete the full vaccination process of the national immunization plan vaccine.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of Lnc001209 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and amyloid β-protein (Aβ) in aluminum-induced cognitive impairment. Methods Specific pathogen free adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, empty vector group, adeno-associated virus (AAV) group, aluminum maltolate (Al-maltolate) group, and AAV+Al-maltolate group, with 10 rats in each group. AAV and AAV+Al-maltolate group rats were injected with 5 μL of AAV overexpressing Lnc001209 with a titer of 1×10¹² vg/mL into the lateral ventricle using stereotaxic coordinates. Empty vector group rats were injected with 5 μL of empty vector AAV with a titer of 1×10¹² vg/mL into the lateral ventricle using stereotaxic coordinates. Control and Al-maltolate group rats underwent the same surgical procedure without any injections. The rats were intraperitoneally injected at the volume of 1 mL/kg body weight after 14 days of single cage feeding. Rats in the Al-maltolate group and AAV+Al-maltolate group were treated with 20 μmol/kg body weight Al-maltolate, while rats in the control group, empty vector group and AAV group were treated with an equivalent volume of 0.9% sodium chloride solution every other day for three months. The Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory abilities of rats after treatment. The hippocampal tissues of the rats were collected to detect the expression of Aβ using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and to detect the expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B (LC3B) using immunofluorescence. Western blot was used to detect the expression of phosphat idylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), mammalian target of rap amycin (mTOR), and their corresponding phosphorylated proteins, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the expression of Lnc001209. Resultsi) Compared with the rats in control group, the escape latencies of rats in the Al-maltolate group were longer from the second day of Morris water maze experiment (all P<0.05), the relative expression of Aβ40, Aβ42, phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K), phosphorylated AKT(p-AKT) and phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR) proteins increased in the hippocampal tissues (all P<0.05), the average fluorescence intensity of LC3B and the relative expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR proteins decreased (all P<0.05), the relative expression of Lnc001209 decreased (P<0.05). ii) Compared with the rats in Al-maltolate group, the escape latencies of rats in AAV+Al-maltolate group were shortened from the second day of Morris water maze experiment (all P<0.05), and the relative expression of Aβ40, Aβ42, p-PI3K, p-AKT and p-mTOR proteins in hippocampus decreased (all P<0.05) , the average fluorescence intensity of LC3B and the relative expression of PI3K, AKT and mTOR proteins increased (all P<0.05), the relative expression of Lnc001209 increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Aluminum can affect the PI3K/AKT/mTOR protein signaling pathway through Lnc001209, leading to an increase in Aβ and a decrease in neuronal autophagy, ultimately resulting in cognitive impairment.