Objective:To analyze and evaluate the oral diseases burden in China from 1990 to 2021,and provide references on oral health policies making and adjustment. Methods:Using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) results,it described the trend of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and DALYs rates from 1990 to 2021,analyzed the population and disease distribution and made an international comparisons. Results:From 1990 to 2021,the DALYs increased from 2.355 million person-years to 4.4001 million person-years,and the DALYs rate increased from 188.20 person-years/105 to 309.27 person-years/105. In terms of population distribution,the DALYs of oral diseases in females (2.3548 million person-years) were higher than that in males (2.0453 million person-years) in 2021,and the burden was clustered in middle-aged and elderly people. In terms of disease composition,the proportion of edentulism was more than 40％. In terms of international comparison,the DALYs accounted for 18.95％ of the world,and ranked first. The DALYs rate is in the middle,far lower than that of developed countries. Conclusion:From 1990 to 2021,the burden of oral diseases was on the rise,which was heavier than that in other countries. Moreover,there were differences between population and diseases. Attention should be paid to preventing and reducing the risk of disease and actively carry out treatment.

Objective:To analyze and evaluate the oral diseases burden in China from 1990 to 2021,and provide references on oral health policies making and adjustment. Methods:Using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) results,it described the trend of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and DALYs rates from 1990 to 2021,analyzed the population and disease distribution and made an international comparisons. Results:From 1990 to 2021,the DALYs increased from 2.355 million person-years to 4.4001 million person-years,and the DALYs rate increased from 188.20 person-years/105 to 309.27 person-years/105. In terms of population distribution,the DALYs of oral diseases in females (2.3548 million person-years) were higher than that in males (2.0453 million person-years) in 2021,and the burden was clustered in middle-aged and elderly people. In terms of disease composition,the proportion of edentulism was more than 40％. In terms of international comparison,the DALYs accounted for 18.95％ of the world,and ranked first. The DALYs rate is in the middle,far lower than that of developed countries. Conclusion:From 1990 to 2021,the burden of oral diseases was on the rise,which was heavier than that in other countries. Moreover,there were differences between population and diseases. Attention should be paid to preventing and reducing the risk of disease and actively carry out treatment.

Liver cancer is a common type of malignant tumor in digestive system. At present, computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Segmentation of tumor lesions based on CT is thus critical in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Due to the limitations of manual segmentation, such as inefficiency and subjectivity, the automatic and accurate segmentation based on advanced computational techniques is becoming more and more popular. In this review, we summarize the research progress of automatic segmentation of liver cancer lesions based on CT scans. By comparing and analyzing the results of experiments, this review evaluate various methods objectively, so that researchers in related fields can better understand the current research progress of liver cancer segmentation based on CT scans.