Objective:To explore the value of dual-layer spectral CT virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) in contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans with reduced contrast medium volume in pediatric tumor patients.Methods:The study is a self-matched case-control study. From January to October 2024, pediatric patients admitted to Shandong Cancer Hospital with abdominal tumors who underwent low contrast dose spectral CT contrast-enhanced scans during follow-up were prospectively included. A total of 47 patients aged (6.2±2.2) years (4-14 years) were enrolled. Usual contrast dose enhanced CT served as the conventional-dose group, while the follow-up low-dose spectral CT scans employed a protocol with half the contrast agent dose (low-dose group). Images were reconstructed as conventional CT images and VMI at 45, 55, and 65 keV. Using muscle as the reference background, differences in CT values and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the aorta, kidneys, liver, and spleen were compared between the low-dose group and conventional-dose group. Multi-group comparisons were performed using the Friedman test. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons were conducted with Bonferroni correction for P-values. Results:CT values and CNRs for all measured regions progressively increased with decreasing keV levels in spectral CT VMI. Significant overall differences were found in CT values and CNRs for the aorta, kidneys, liver, and spleen among the low-dose group (all VMIs) and the conventional-dose group (all P<0.001). At 65 keV VMI in the low-dose group, both CT values and CNRs (except for the liver CNR) were significantly lower than those in the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P<0.05). At 55 keV VMI in the low-dose group, CT values and CNRs for all regions did not show statistically significant differences compared to the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P>0.05). At 45 keV VMI in the low-dose group, CT values for all structures and CNR for the spleen were significantly higher than those in the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in CNRs for the aorta, kidneys, and liver (adjusted P=1.000, 0.313, and 0.503, respectively). Conclusion:When the contrast dose is halved, spectral CT 45 keV VMI enhances CT attenuation values and CNR in the abdomen of pediatric tumor patients, while 55 keV VMI provides image quality comparable to that of conventional-dose CT.

Objective:To explore the value of dual-layer spectral CT virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) in contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans with reduced contrast medium volume in pediatric tumor patients.Methods:The study is a self-matched case-control study. From January to October 2024, pediatric patients admitted to Shandong Cancer Hospital with abdominal tumors who underwent low contrast dose spectral CT contrast-enhanced scans during follow-up were prospectively included. A total of 47 patients aged (6.2±2.2) years (4-14 years) were enrolled. Usual contrast dose enhanced CT served as the conventional-dose group, while the follow-up low-dose spectral CT scans employed a protocol with half the contrast agent dose (low-dose group). Images were reconstructed as conventional CT images and VMI at 45, 55, and 65 keV. Using muscle as the reference background, differences in CT values and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in the aorta, kidneys, liver, and spleen were compared between the low-dose group and conventional-dose group. Multi-group comparisons were performed using the Friedman test. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons were conducted with Bonferroni correction for P-values. Results:CT values and CNRs for all measured regions progressively increased with decreasing keV levels in spectral CT VMI. Significant overall differences were found in CT values and CNRs for the aorta, kidneys, liver, and spleen among the low-dose group (all VMIs) and the conventional-dose group (all P<0.001). At 65 keV VMI in the low-dose group, both CT values and CNRs (except for the liver CNR) were significantly lower than those in the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P<0.05). At 55 keV VMI in the low-dose group, CT values and CNRs for all regions did not show statistically significant differences compared to the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P>0.05). At 45 keV VMI in the low-dose group, CT values for all structures and CNR for the spleen were significantly higher than those in the conventional-dose group (all adjusted P<0.05). However, no statistically significant difference was found in CNRs for the aorta, kidneys, and liver (adjusted P=1.000, 0.313, and 0.503, respectively). Conclusion:When the contrast dose is halved, spectral CT 45 keV VMI enhances CT attenuation values and CNR in the abdomen of pediatric tumor patients, while 55 keV VMI provides image quality comparable to that of conventional-dose CT.

Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of USP7 on immune and inflammatory response of EV71 infection.Methods:THP-1 cells were induced to differentiate into t-Mφ cells by PMA,cells were treated by targeted USP7 inhibitor P22077,and divided into DMSO control group and P22077 experimental group,and infected with EV71.ELISA was used to detect supernatant concentration of IL-6,CCL3,TNF-α of cells separately.RT-qPCR was used to detect RNA expression of EV71-VP1,plaque test was used to detect virus titer in cell supernatant.Western blot was used to detect expressions and phosphorylation of molecules related to innate immune signaling pathway.Full-length plasmid Myc-USP7 and Flag-MDA5 were constructed and transfected into HEK293T cells,and Co-IP was used to detect external interaction between USP7 and MDA5 with Myc antibody and Flag antibody,respectively.Infected t-Mφ cells with EV71,and Co-IP detection of their interaction by USP7 and MDA5 antibodies,respectively.t-Mφ cells of DMSO control group and P22077 experimental group were infected with EV71,CHX test was used to detect expression of MDA5 and downstream related molecules.Transfected Flag-MDA5,Myc-USP7,HA-Ub or HA-K48 plasmids,Co-IP detection of ubiquitination and ubiquitination types of MDA5 regulated by USP7 with Flag antibody.Co-IP detection of MDA5 ubiquitination types regulated by USP7 in t-Mφ cells by using MDA5 antibodies.Results:After infected with EV71 and inhibited of USP7,mRNA and protein expres-sions of IL-6,CCL3 and TNF-α were decreased(P<0.05),while EV71 replication(P<0.05),and titer increased;expression of MDA5,and activation of p-IKKα/β,p-IκBα and p-p65 in innate immunity signal pathway decreased.Interaction between USP7 and MDA5 could inhibit MDA5 degradation by inhibiting K48 ubiquitination of MDA5.Conclusion:USP7 stabilizes MDA5 expression by inhibiting K48 ubiquitination of MDA5,thereby positively regulating EV71 infection immunity and inflammatory response.

Objective:To explore the effect and mechanism of USP7 on immune and inflammatory response of EV71 infection.Methods:THP-1 cells were induced to differentiate into t-Mφ cells by PMA,cells were treated by targeted USP7 inhibitor P22077,and divided into DMSO control group and P22077 experimental group,and infected with EV71.ELISA was used to detect supernatant concentration of IL-6,CCL3,TNF-α of cells separately.RT-qPCR was used to detect RNA expression of EV71-VP1,plaque test was used to detect virus titer in cell supernatant.Western blot was used to detect expressions and phosphorylation of molecules related to innate immune signaling pathway.Full-length plasmid Myc-USP7 and Flag-MDA5 were constructed and transfected into HEK293T cells,and Co-IP was used to detect external interaction between USP7 and MDA5 with Myc antibody and Flag antibody,respectively.Infected t-Mφ cells with EV71,and Co-IP detection of their interaction by USP7 and MDA5 antibodies,respectively.t-Mφ cells of DMSO control group and P22077 experimental group were infected with EV71,CHX test was used to detect expression of MDA5 and downstream related molecules.Transfected Flag-MDA5,Myc-USP7,HA-Ub or HA-K48 plasmids,Co-IP detection of ubiquitination and ubiquitination types of MDA5 regulated by USP7 with Flag antibody.Co-IP detection of MDA5 ubiquitination types regulated by USP7 in t-Mφ cells by using MDA5 antibodies.Results:After infected with EV71 and inhibited of USP7,mRNA and protein expres-sions of IL-6,CCL3 and TNF-α were decreased(P<0.05),while EV71 replication(P<0.05),and titer increased;expression of MDA5,and activation of p-IKKα/β,p-IκBα and p-p65 in innate immunity signal pathway decreased.Interaction between USP7 and MDA5 could inhibit MDA5 degradation by inhibiting K48 ubiquitination of MDA5.Conclusion:USP7 stabilizes MDA5 expression by inhibiting K48 ubiquitination of MDA5,thereby positively regulating EV71 infection immunity and inflammatory response.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: This study investigated the value of multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) in predicting Gleason score (GS) upgrading and downgrading in radical prostatectomy (RP) compared with presurgical biopsy. Materials and Methods: Clinical and mpMRI data were retrospectively collected from 219 patients with prostate disease between January 2015 and December 2021. All patients underwent systematic prostate biopsy followed by RP. MpMRI included conventional diffusion-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the factors associated with GS upgrading and downgrading after RP. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to estimate the area under the curve (AUC) to indicate the performance of the multivariable logistic regression models in predicting GS upgrade and downgrade after RP. Results: The GS after RP was upgraded, downgraded, and unchanged in 92, 43, and 84 patients, respectively. The AUCs of the clinical (percentage of positive biopsy cores [PBCs], time from biopsy to RP) and mpMRI models (prostate cancer [PCa] location, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System [PI-RADS] v2.1 score) for predicting GS upgrading after RP were 0.714 and 0.749, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, tPSA, PCa location, and PIRADS v2.1 score) was 0.816, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). The AUCs of the clinical (age, percentage of PBCs, ratio of free/total PSA [F/T]) and mpMRI models (PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) for predicting GS downgrading after RP were 0.749 and 0.835, respectively. The AUC of the combined diagnostic model (age, percentage of PBCs, F/T, PCa diameter, PCa location, and PI-RADS v2.1 score) was 0.883, which was larger than that of the clinical factors alone (P < 0.001). Conclusion Combining clinical factors and mpMRI findings can predict GS upgrade and downgrade after RP more accurately than using clinical factors alone.

Objective: To investigate the expression of transient receptor polycystic protein 2(TRPP2) in oral squamous epithelial cell and its effect on the invasion and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC), and to explore the potential signaling pathway of TRPP2 affecting OSCC metastasis. Methods: The OSCC model with TRPP2 knockdown was constructed by CRISPR-Cas9 lentivirus plasmid transfection technique. The effect of TRPP2 protein knockdown was verified by Western blot. The effect of TRPP2 on OSCC proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and clone formation assay. RT-qPCR was used to detect the target genes associated with TRPP2 metastasis to OSCC. Western blot and RT-qPCR were used to detect the expression of EpCAM and its transcription factors associated with unfolded protein response(UPR). The effects of TRPP2 on the invasion and migration of OSCC were examined by invasion test and scratch test. Results: Compared with HOK in oral epithelial cells, the expression of TRPP2 in OSCC was significantly higher. When TRPP2 was knocked down, OSCC proliferation and clonalformation were significantly enhanced. Compared with the control group, a total of 494 differential genes were significantly expressed in TRPP2 knockdown transcription profile, among which 234 genes were up-regulated and 260 genes were down-regulated. The expression of EpCAM gene, which is related to cell adhesion, was up-regulated. In addition, UPR related genes PERK, ATF6, GRP78 were up-regulated, while ATF6 and EpCAM were down-regulated in OSCC compared to HOK cells. The expression of ATF6 and EpCAM in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells was up-regulated by TRPP2 knockdown, and the cell migration and invasion ability decreased. The ATF6 inhibitor ceapin-A7(5 μmol/L) restored the OSCC migration and invasion ability of TRPP2 knockdown. Conclusion TRPP2 is highly expressed in OSCC. When TRPP2 is knocked down, OSCC proliferation ability is enhanced, migration and invasion ability are inhibited. TRPP2 mediates the expression of EpCAM through activation of UPR, thus affecting the invasion and migration of oral squamous cell carcinoma.