Objective To explore and construct the clinical questions and outcome indicators of the Clinical Practice Guideline of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome;To provide a basis for the subsequent preparation of this guide to form recommendations.Methods First,by searching the databases of seven major Chinese and English journals,including CNKI,the preliminary list of clinical problems and outcome indicators in the Clinical Practice Guideline of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome were sorted out,and then the clinical questions and outcome indicators that formed the recommendations of the guide were finally determined based on the modified Delphi method in the form of three rounds of online.The first two rounds were conducted in the form of online questionnaires filled out by experts,and the importance ratings of clinical issues and outcome indicators were imported into the SPSS 27.0 software for statistical analysis.The first and second rounds of clinical questions and outcome indicators were rated as the average score≥4,full score frequency≥30%,and the coefficient of variation≤25%,respectively;the inclusion criteria for entering the second round of evaluation were an average score of≥7 and an average score of≤25%.The third round would be further discussed and voted on by experts in an online consensus meeting,with a voting rate of≥80%as the standard to determine the final items to be included in the guidelines.Results A total of 109 questionnaires were distributed nationwide in the first round of inquiry,and 107 were collected;a total of 20 questionnaires were distributed for the second round of expert research,and 20 were collected.The positive coefficients of the first and second rounds of experts were 98.17%and 100%;the Cronbach coefficients of clinical questions were 0.937 and 0.943,respectively;the Cronbach coefficients of the outcome indicators were 0.970 and 0.940,respectively.In the third round,a total of 22 experts participated in the meeting and all voted,resulting in a positive coefficient of 100%and an authority coefficient of 0.88.13 clinical questions and 17 outcome indicators were finally included in Clinical Practice Guideline of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Conclusion According to the results of the above three rounds of modified Delphi method,it indicates that the questionnaire survey in the process of formulating the guidelines is highly reliable,which can provide a reliable basis for the writing of this guide,and to provide a reference for the development of acupuncture guidelines in related fields.

Objective To investigate the expression of leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2(LECT2)and complement C3 in the serum of patients with autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),and their correlation with liver function grading and prognosis.Methods A total of 109 AIH patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to February 2024 were included as the observation group.According to the disease activity upon admission,they were grouped into the active group(59 cases)and the remission group(50 cases).According to the Child-Pugh grading,they were assigned into the grade A group(47 cases),the grade B group(40 cases),and the grade C group(22 cases).According to the prognosis,they were assigned into a poor prognosis group(35 cases)and a good prognosis group(74 cases),with 110 healthy volunteers who underwent physical checkup in our hospital as the control group.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was applied to measure serum LECT2 level.Immunoturbidimetry was applied to detect serum complement C3 level.The correlation between LECT2,complement C3 and clinical indexes was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Spearman correlation analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between serum LECT2,complement C3,and Child-Pugh grading.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were established to evaluate the predictive value of LECT2 and complement C3 levels for poor prognosis in AIH patients.Results The serum level of LECT2 in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the level of complement C3 was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The expression level of ELECT2 in the grade C group was prominently higher than that in the grade B group and grade A group,while the expression level of complement C3 was prominently lower than that in the grade B group and grade A group(P＜0.05).The level of serum LECT2 in poor prognosis group was higher than that in good prognosis group,and the level of serum complement C3 was lower than that in good prognosis group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that LECT2 was positively correlated with IgG,IL-6,TNF-α and Th17/Treg,and negatively correlated with TGF-β,while complement C3 was negatively correlated(all P＜0.05);Spearman correlation analysis showed that LECT2 level was positively correlated with Child-Pugh grading,while complement C3 level was negatively correlated with Child-Pugh grading(rs=0.803,-0.875,both P＜0.05).ROC curve reveled that the AUC of serum LECT2 and complement C3 levels in predicting poor prognosis of AIH patients was 0.802 and 0.805,respectively,the AUC of their combined detection was 0.905,which was higher than that of single indicator detection(P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum LECT2 level is elevated and complement C3 level is reduced in AIH patients,and they are correlated with liver function grading and disease severity.The combined detection of the two can serve as serological indicators for evaluating liver function and predicting prognosis.

Objective To investigate the impact of 15 days of complete fasting on individuals'risk decision-making abilities and the role of physical exercise in this process.Methods Twenty-four healthy participants completed a 28-day experiment divided into baseline,complete fasting,calorie restriction,and full recovery phases.Participants were randomly assigned to a light exercise group(EL),moderate exercise group(EM),or control group(CN).Risk decision-making capacity was assessed using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task(BART),with data analyzed via Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests.Results Fifteen days of complete fasting did not significantly affect the participants'risk decision-making abilities.Additionally,after fasting,the moderate exercise group was more likely to make risky decisions compared to the light exercise group.Conclusion Long-term fasting has no significant impact on risk decision-making ability,but engaging in physical exercise makes people more likely to make high-risk decisions.

Objective To investigate the expression of leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2(LECT2)and complement C3 in the serum of patients with autoimmune hepatitis(AIH),and their correlation with liver function grading and prognosis.Methods A total of 109 AIH patients admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to February 2024 were included as the observation group.According to the disease activity upon admission,they were grouped into the active group(59 cases)and the remission group(50 cases).According to the Child-Pugh grading,they were assigned into the grade A group(47 cases),the grade B group(40 cases),and the grade C group(22 cases).According to the prognosis,they were assigned into a poor prognosis group(35 cases)and a good prognosis group(74 cases),with 110 healthy volunteers who underwent physical checkup in our hospital as the control group.Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was applied to measure serum LECT2 level.Immunoturbidimetry was applied to detect serum complement C3 level.The correlation between LECT2,complement C3 and clinical indexes was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Spearman correlation analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between serum LECT2,complement C3,and Child-Pugh grading.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were established to evaluate the predictive value of LECT2 and complement C3 levels for poor prognosis in AIH patients.Results The serum level of LECT2 in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the level of complement C3 was lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).The expression level of ELECT2 in the grade C group was prominently higher than that in the grade B group and grade A group,while the expression level of complement C3 was prominently lower than that in the grade B group and grade A group(P＜0.05).The level of serum LECT2 in poor prognosis group was higher than that in good prognosis group,and the level of serum complement C3 was lower than that in good prognosis group(P＜0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that LECT2 was positively correlated with IgG,IL-6,TNF-α and Th17/Treg,and negatively correlated with TGF-β,while complement C3 was negatively correlated(all P＜0.05);Spearman correlation analysis showed that LECT2 level was positively correlated with Child-Pugh grading,while complement C3 level was negatively correlated with Child-Pugh grading(rs=0.803,-0.875,both P＜0.05).ROC curve reveled that the AUC of serum LECT2 and complement C3 levels in predicting poor prognosis of AIH patients was 0.802 and 0.805,respectively,the AUC of their combined detection was 0.905,which was higher than that of single indicator detection(P＜0.05).Conclusion Serum LECT2 level is elevated and complement C3 level is reduced in AIH patients,and they are correlated with liver function grading and disease severity.The combined detection of the two can serve as serological indicators for evaluating liver function and predicting prognosis.

Objective To explore and construct the clinical questions and outcome indicators of the Clinical Practice Guideline of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome;To provide a basis for the subsequent preparation of this guide to form recommendations.Methods First,by searching the databases of seven major Chinese and English journals,including CNKI,the preliminary list of clinical problems and outcome indicators in the Clinical Practice Guideline of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome were sorted out,and then the clinical questions and outcome indicators that formed the recommendations of the guide were finally determined based on the modified Delphi method in the form of three rounds of online.The first two rounds were conducted in the form of online questionnaires filled out by experts,and the importance ratings of clinical issues and outcome indicators were imported into the SPSS 27.0 software for statistical analysis.The first and second rounds of clinical questions and outcome indicators were rated as the average score≥4,full score frequency≥30%,and the coefficient of variation≤25%,respectively;the inclusion criteria for entering the second round of evaluation were an average score of≥7 and an average score of≤25%.The third round would be further discussed and voted on by experts in an online consensus meeting,with a voting rate of≥80%as the standard to determine the final items to be included in the guidelines.Results A total of 109 questionnaires were distributed nationwide in the first round of inquiry,and 107 were collected;a total of 20 questionnaires were distributed for the second round of expert research,and 20 were collected.The positive coefficients of the first and second rounds of experts were 98.17%and 100%;the Cronbach coefficients of clinical questions were 0.937 and 0.943,respectively;the Cronbach coefficients of the outcome indicators were 0.970 and 0.940,respectively.In the third round,a total of 22 experts participated in the meeting and all voted,resulting in a positive coefficient of 100%and an authority coefficient of 0.88.13 clinical questions and 17 outcome indicators were finally included in Clinical Practice Guideline of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome.Conclusion According to the results of the above three rounds of modified Delphi method,it indicates that the questionnaire survey in the process of formulating the guidelines is highly reliable,which can provide a reliable basis for the writing of this guide,and to provide a reference for the development of acupuncture guidelines in related fields.

With the increasing incidence of cardiovascular diseases,Professor WANG Yongyan has adhered to the traditional principles while embracing innovation,proposing to apply the theory of"the heart governing the spirit"to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.He emphasized that it is crucial to preserve the spirit before the onset of disease,which includes maintaining a balanced diet,regular lifestyle,avoiding excessive labor,maintaining a serene and unfettered mind,and nurturing the spirit within.For those already suffering from disease,preventing progression and deterioration requires adjusting the spirit,and skilled practitioners should first inspect the patient's spirit by examining the eyes,tongue,facial complexion,and overall physical condition.In treatment,adjusting the spirit involves distinguishing between different imbalances of qi,blood,yin,yang,cold,heat,deficiency,and excess,and employing appropriate method to calm and nourish the spirit accordingly.After the illness,nurturing the spirit is essential,including spiritual nourishment through exercise,dietary therapy,emotional therapy,and external treatments.By applying the theory of"the heart governing the spirit"throughout the prevention,treatment,and rehabilitation of cardiovascular diseases,Professor WANG Yongyan's approach effectively prevents the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases,controls their progression,inhibits deterioration,and improves the prognosis of patients.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture preconditioning on cellular immune function in the patients undergoing thyroid surgery.Methods:Sixty-six patients of either sex, aged 30-55 yr, with body mass index of 18.5-23.9 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification ⅠorⅡ, were selected and divided into electroacupuncture preconditioning group (group D) and control group (group C) by a random number table method, with 33 cases in each group. Patients in both groups received combined intravenous-inhalational anesthesia. Before anesthesia induction, both Hegu and Neiguan acupoints were stimulated for 30 min using a continuous wave at a frequency of 2/100 Hz, and the stimulation intensity was subjected to patient tolerance in group D. Group C received sham electroacupuncture for 30 min without stimulation. Venous blood samples were collected at 30 min before anesthesia induction (T 0) and 12, 24 and 48 h after anesthesia (T 1-3). The percentages of T lymphocyte subsets (CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +, CD4 + /CD8 + ) and natural killer cells and concentrations of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the serum were measured by flow cytometry. Results:Compared with group C, the percentage of CD3 +, CD4 + and natural killer cells and ratio of CD4 + /CD8 + were significantly increased at T 1, 2, and the concentrations of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the serum were decreased at T 1-3 in group D ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Electroacupuncture preconditioning can improve cellular immune function in the patients undergoing thyroid surgery.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different dosages of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) on the clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET). Methods:In this prospective cohort study, we recruited patients who received IVF/ICSI-ET in Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2018 to January 2019. A total of 273 patients were finally enrolled in the the study. We used the luteal phase long protocol in the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation program. Patients were divided into three groups according to the dosage of GnRH-a used: 1.0 mg, 0.8 mg and 0.5 mg. The basic clinical characteristics, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, embryo transfer and offspring data were compared among the three groups.Results:There were no significant differences in basal clinical characteristics and offspring data (all P>0.05). The lower dosage of GnRH-a, the fewer days of ovarian stimulation, 0.5 mg group showed the least days of ovarian stimulation [(11.3±1.4) d], which was statistically significant from the other groups ( P<0.001). In addition, we also found a decreasing trend of total gonadotropin (Gn), a lower loss rate of the embryo and a higher live birth rate in 0.5 mg group, although the difference did not reach statistically significant (all P>0.05). On the contrast, in 1.0 mg group, the fertilization rate [71.6% (768/1073)] significantly decreased ( P=0.005), while the early abortion rate and the cancellation rate of the unavailable embryo cycles tended to increase but not statistically different (all P>0.05). Conclusion:0.5 mg GnRH-a can reduce the duration of ovarian stimulation and achieve good clinical outcomes, which may be a better dosage of down regulation.

Objective:To investigate the effect of different dosages of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) on the clinical outcomes of in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET). Methods:In this prospective cohort study, we recruited patients who received IVF/ICSI-ET in Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2018 to January 2019. A total of 273 patients were finally enrolled in the the study. We used the luteal phase long protocol in the controlled ovarian hyperstimulation program. Patients were divided into three groups according to the dosage of GnRH-a used: 1.0 mg, 0.8 mg and 0.5 mg. The basic clinical characteristics, controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, embryo transfer and offspring data were compared among the three groups.Results:There were no significant differences in basal clinical characteristics and offspring data (all P>0.05). The lower dosage of GnRH-a, the fewer days of ovarian stimulation, 0.5 mg group showed the least days of ovarian stimulation [(11.3±1.4) d], which was statistically significant from the other groups ( P<0.001). In addition, we also found a decreasing trend of total gonadotropin (Gn), a lower loss rate of the embryo and a higher live birth rate in 0.5 mg group, although the difference did not reach statistically significant (all P>0.05). On the contrast, in 1.0 mg group, the fertilization rate [71.6% (768/1073)] significantly decreased ( P=0.005), while the early abortion rate and the cancellation rate of the unavailable embryo cycles tended to increase but not statistically different (all P>0.05). Conclusion:0.5 mg GnRH-a can reduce the duration of ovarian stimulation and achieve good clinical outcomes, which may be a better dosage of down regulation.

Objective: To investigate smoking cessation behaviors and factors influencing it among adult community smokers in Beijing. Methods: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study. A questionnaire survey was administered among community smokers over 18 years old, in which information on basic demographics, tobacco use, attempts to quit smoking, tobacco-related awareness, and environmental assessment of smoking cessation support were collected. Descriptive analysis was conducted on the basic information, smoking situation, and demand for smoking cessation intervention of the respondents. Two tests were used to examine the quitting attempts of respondents. Tobacco attempts was found to be correlated with socio-demographic indicators, and factors such as tobacco use, awareness of tobacco-related issues, and the smoking cessation support environment. Dual logistic regression was used to further explore the dependence of identified factors and attempted smoking cessation behavior. Results: A total of 449 respondents were enrolled in this study, 410 of them were men (91.3%). Among the respondents, 272 people (60.6%) had tried to quit smoking and 177 people (39.4%) did not try to quit smoking. Monthly income level, tobacco-related awareness, degree of surrounding people supporting smoking cessation, whether medical treatment was sought in the previous year, number of visits, whether to persuade medical staff to quit smoking in the past year, and whether smoking was given up in the past year were the identified factors. These seven factors, such as whether they have been asked about smoking, are the influencing factors in trying to quit smoking（P<0.05）. Under the logistic regression model, monthly income level (OR=1.271, 95%CI:1.081-1.493), the support of people around them to quit smoking (OR=1.251, 95%CI:1.035-1.512), and the suggestion of medical personnel in the past year (OR=2.382, 95%CI: 1.054-5.381) were found to encourage attempts to quit smoking. Conclusion Factors such as health status, environmental support, hazard perception, and economic level influence attempts to quit smoking. Lack of self-determination and other people's influence are the main reasons for failing to quit smoking. Taking community places as the basic unit of intervention combined with professional guidance of smoking cessation clinic doctors and forming an online comprehensive linkage smoking cessation hospital community intervention model is an innovative way to optimize the management of tobacco dependence.