ObjectiveTo construct a risk prediction model for frequent acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） under disease-syndrome combination， thus providing decision support for precise clinical intervention. MethodsA total of 2 029 patients with acute exacerbations of COPD admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from January 2020 to August 2024 were retrospectively included. These patients were classified into groups of frequent acute exacerbations （≥2 times/year） and infrequent acute exacerbations （<2 times/year） according to the hospitalization times per year. Risk factors were screened by LASSO regression combined with logistic regression， and a nomogram model was constructed. The model performance was assessed based on the area under the curve （AUC）， calibration curves， and decision curve analysis （DCA）. ResultsThe differences in baseline characteristics between the frequent acute exacerbations group （1 196 cases） and infrequent acute exacerbations group （833 cases） were not statistically significant. LASSO regression combined with multivariate logistic regression screened the following independent risk factors： body mass index （BMI）， hospitalization days， number of smoking years， place of residence， use of noninvasive ventilators， oxygen-demanding therapy， liver cirrhosis， use of systemic glucocorticosteroids， and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome （phlegm and stasis obstructing the lung）. The nomogram model showed good discrimination and calibration in both the training set （AUC=0.748） and validation set （AUC=0.774）. ConclusionThe risk prediction model for frequent acute exacerbations of COPD， integrating traditional Chinese medicine syndrome， constructed in this study has high accuracy. It can provide a scientific basis for early clinical identification of high-risk patients and individualized intervention.

Bone growth and development is a major determinant of height.Height development in children is the result of the proliferation and endochondral ossification of growth plate chondrocytes located at the ends of long bones and vertebrae.Short stature，also known as dwarfism，means that a child's height is less than two standard deviations of the normal interval for children of the same race，region，and sex，or below the 3rd percentile of the normal child growth curve，which is a common problem in pediatric endocrinology.A variety of physiological regulatory pathways involving growth plate and long bone development have been reported，and related gene defects may be the key mechanisms leading to growth disorders and abnormal skeletal development in children.The ACAN gene，which is associated with osteochondral dysplasia，has garnered widespread attention from numerous scholars in recent years.This article reviews the genetic etiology，clinical phenotype，treatment and management of short stature caused by ACAN gene mutation in children.

Objective: There were associations between emotional abuse and neglect (EAN) and depression, but few studies had tested potential mechanisms underlying these relationships. We aimed to provide insights on how (the mediation role of neuroticism), and under what conditions (the moderator role of psychological resilience), led to a higher level of depression. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that used a random cluster sampling method. We randomly selected 3,993 participants from four junior middle schools in northern city of China. Participants were asked to complete four self-reported questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Children Depression Inventory-Short Form, Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory Brief Version, and Chinese Resilience Scale. Results: The results showed that neuroticism mediated the associations between EAN and depression. In addition, the mediating effect of neuroticism was moderated by psychological resilience (p<0.05). Conclusion EAN and neuroticism could have an adverse impact on depression, and psychological resilience could alleviate these negative effects as a moderator. Our model suggested psychological resilience could be a particularly effective intervention point for victims of EAN.

Objective:To investigate the association between peak growth hormone(GH) levels and body fat mass as well as body fat percentage in children with short stature.Methods:This retrospective study included 477 children diagnosed with short stature at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University between January 2021 and November 2024, based on data from the Growth and Development Disease Follow-up Cohort Study(GDDSD) in Shandong Province. Clinical data including anthropometric measurements, laboratory tests, and body composition were collected. The relationship between GH peak and body fat mass and percentage were analyzed using smooth curve fitting and multiple piecewise linear regression models.Results:In univariate linear regression analysis, both body fat mass and body fat percentage were positively correlated with age, height, weight, body mass index, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, total body water, protein, and skeletal muscle mass(all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with GH peak and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, a nonlinear relationship was observed between GH peak and both body fat mass and body fat percentage, with inflection points at 6.80 ng/mL and 7.75 ng/mL, respectively. When GH peak was below the inflection point, it was significantly negatively correlated with body fat mass and percentage( P<0.001). However, when GH peak exceeded the inflection point, the associations were no longer statistically significant( P>0.05). Conclusions:This study demonstrates a nonlinear relationship between peak GH levels and body fat percentage in children with short stature. At lower GH peaks, both body fat mass and body fat percentage increase significantly, which may contribute to an elevated future risk of cardiovascular disease.

Objective: There were associations between emotional abuse and neglect (EAN) and depression, but few studies had tested potential mechanisms underlying these relationships. We aimed to provide insights on how (the mediation role of neuroticism), and under what conditions (the moderator role of psychological resilience), led to a higher level of depression. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that used a random cluster sampling method. We randomly selected 3,993 participants from four junior middle schools in northern city of China. Participants were asked to complete four self-reported questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Children Depression Inventory-Short Form, Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory Brief Version, and Chinese Resilience Scale. Results: The results showed that neuroticism mediated the associations between EAN and depression. In addition, the mediating effect of neuroticism was moderated by psychological resilience (p<0.05). Conclusion EAN and neuroticism could have an adverse impact on depression, and psychological resilience could alleviate these negative effects as a moderator. Our model suggested psychological resilience could be a particularly effective intervention point for victims of EAN.

Objective: There were associations between emotional abuse and neglect (EAN) and depression, but few studies had tested potential mechanisms underlying these relationships. We aimed to provide insights on how (the mediation role of neuroticism), and under what conditions (the moderator role of psychological resilience), led to a higher level of depression. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that used a random cluster sampling method. We randomly selected 3,993 participants from four junior middle schools in northern city of China. Participants were asked to complete four self-reported questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Children Depression Inventory-Short Form, Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory Brief Version, and Chinese Resilience Scale. Results: The results showed that neuroticism mediated the associations between EAN and depression. In addition, the mediating effect of neuroticism was moderated by psychological resilience (p<0.05). Conclusion EAN and neuroticism could have an adverse impact on depression, and psychological resilience could alleviate these negative effects as a moderator. Our model suggested psychological resilience could be a particularly effective intervention point for victims of EAN.

Objective: There were associations between emotional abuse and neglect (EAN) and depression, but few studies had tested potential mechanisms underlying these relationships. We aimed to provide insights on how (the mediation role of neuroticism), and under what conditions (the moderator role of psychological resilience), led to a higher level of depression. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that used a random cluster sampling method. We randomly selected 3,993 participants from four junior middle schools in northern city of China. Participants were asked to complete four self-reported questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Children Depression Inventory-Short Form, Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory Brief Version, and Chinese Resilience Scale. Results: The results showed that neuroticism mediated the associations between EAN and depression. In addition, the mediating effect of neuroticism was moderated by psychological resilience (p<0.05). Conclusion EAN and neuroticism could have an adverse impact on depression, and psychological resilience could alleviate these negative effects as a moderator. Our model suggested psychological resilience could be a particularly effective intervention point for victims of EAN.

Objective: There were associations between emotional abuse and neglect (EAN) and depression, but few studies had tested potential mechanisms underlying these relationships. We aimed to provide insights on how (the mediation role of neuroticism), and under what conditions (the moderator role of psychological resilience), led to a higher level of depression. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study that used a random cluster sampling method. We randomly selected 3,993 participants from four junior middle schools in northern city of China. Participants were asked to complete four self-reported questionnaires, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Children Depression Inventory-Short Form, Chinese Big Five Personality Inventory Brief Version, and Chinese Resilience Scale. Results: The results showed that neuroticism mediated the associations between EAN and depression. In addition, the mediating effect of neuroticism was moderated by psychological resilience (p<0.05). Conclusion EAN and neuroticism could have an adverse impact on depression, and psychological resilience could alleviate these negative effects as a moderator. Our model suggested psychological resilience could be a particularly effective intervention point for victims of EAN.

Anticipatory anxiety is a negative emotion that arises when individuals encounter potential threats or uncertainties in the future. It is the core symptom of a variety of anxiety disorders, and is closely associated with the occurrence, severity, treatment outcome, and prognosis of anxiety disorders, which has garnered a growing amount of focus in clinical practice. Nevertheless, scientific research on anticipatory anxiety continues to face obstacles such as unclear pathological mechanisms, the absence of simple and consistent self-assessment tools, and effective interventions. To improve understanding of the role of anticipatory anxiety in the diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders, this study reviews pertinent domestic and international literature, and briefly introduces the concept, assessment and measurement, activation paradigm, pathological mechanisms, and interventions of anticipatory anxiety.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of multiplex polymerase chain reaction(mPCR),serum IgM and urinary Legionella pneumophila antigen detection in the diagnosis and treatment of adult community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)for Mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP),Chlamydia pneumoniae(CP)and Legionella pneumophila(LP).Methods A total of 275 inpatients diagnosed with CAP from October 2018 to January 2022 in Beijing Tongren Hospital were selected as the study objects.275 lower respiratory tract samples,195 serum samples and 50 urine samples were collected for sanger sequencing,mPCR,serum IgM and urinary LP antigen test,respectively.With the result of sanger sequencing as the reference standard,the clinical application value of the three detection methods was evaluated.Results The infection rate of atypical pathogens in adult patients with CAP was 26.5%(73/275).The infection rates of MP,CP and LP were 21.8%(60/275),2.2%(6/275)and 2.5%(7/275),respectively.The sensitivity of mPCR,serum IgM and urinary LP antigen test were 100%(72/72),31.0%(18/58),100%(7/7),and the specificity were 99.5%(202/203),76.6%(105/137),100%(43/43),respectively.The sensitivity of serum IgM was significantly decreased in patients with time≤7 days compared to patients with time>7 days from onset to sampling(41.9%vs 14.3%),the difference was statistically significant(χ2=5.483,P<0.05).The proportion of false negative for serum IgM was the highest in 25～<41 years old(57.5%),and the difference was statistically significant among all age groups(χ2=25.069,P<0.001).The proportion of false positive for serum IgM was the highest among 41～<66 years old(37.5%),and there was no significant difference among all age groups(χ2=6.404,P=0.171).The IgM cross-reactivity rate of the three atypical pathogens was 33.3%(13/39).Conclusion Serum IgM is not suitable for the diagnosis of atypical pathogen infection in adults alone,mPCR and urinary LP antigen test have obvious advantages in the early diagnosis of CAP in adults.