OBJECTIVE: To analyze the phenotype and genotype of a neonate with Osteo-oto-hepato-enteric syndrome (O2HE) and review the literature. METHODS: A female neonate diagnosed with O2HE syndrome on December 13, 2024 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University was selected as the study subject, and her clinical characteristics were analyzed, and pathogenic variants were explored by whole exome sequencing (WES). This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Hospital (Ethics No.: 2025-KY-1038). RESULTS: The proband, a female infant, was delivered by Cesarean section at 36⁺¹ weeks of gestation. Five days after birth, she had developed severe diarrhea, mild cholestasis, sensorineural hearing loss, and growth retardation. WES revealed that she has harbored novel compound heterozygous variants c.512delA (p.Lys171Serfs*64) and c.698C>A (p.Thr233Asn) of the UNC45A gene, which were inherited from her mother and father, respectively. A total of 8 English papers were retrieved, which involved 16 patients from 14 families. Combined with our case, the 17 patients included 13 (76.5%) females and 4 (23.5%) males. Four patients (23.5%) had consanguineous parents. One case was excluded from further genetic analysis due to co-morbidity with other genetic variants. The primary clinical features included diarrhea (87.5%), cholestasis (81.3%), sensorineural hearing loss (31.3%), bone fragility (37.5%), and developmental delay (50.0%). Bi-allelic compound heterozygous mutations were identified in 12 patients (75.0%), and homozygous variants in 4 (25.0%). These included missense, nonsense, frameshift and deletional variants. The c.710T>C (p.Leu237Pro) variant was identified for 5 times, 3 of which were in homozygote forms. CONCLUSION O2HE syndrome should be suspected in cases with diarrhea, cholestasis, and hearing abnormalities during early postnatal period. Genetic testing facilitate early identification, genetic diagnosis and treatment.
Humans ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mutation ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/genetics* ; Diarrhea, Infantile/genetics* ; Exome Sequencing ; Phenotype ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Hair Diseases ; Facies

BACKGROUND:Increasing evidence supports the association between different exercise intensities and the risk of osteoarthritis,but this may be affected by confounding and reverse causality,and the conclusions have not been unified. OBJECTIVE:To explore the causal association between different exercise intensities and osteoarthritis using Mendelian randomization method. METHODS:Data from genome-wide association studies associated with different exercise intensities were selected,and instrumental variables were screened with a threshold of P＜5×10-8.Causal associations between exposure and risk of outcome were assessed using five analysis methods of Mendelian randomization with inverse variance weighting as the primary analysis method.Selected instrumental variables were used to assess causal associations between different exercise intensities and osteoarthritis,and sensitivity analyses with inverse Mendelian randomization were performed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the analysis results of the inverse variance weighting method,low-intensity exercise showed a significant protective effect on knee osteoarthritis[odds ratio(OR)=0.14,95%confidence interval(CI):0.06-0.32,P＜0.001],while sedentary behavior without exercise intensity,such as watching TV,was confirmed to be a risk factor for knee osteoarthritis and hip osteoarthritis(OR=2.24,95%CI:1.74-2.88,P＜0.001;OR=1.34,95%CI:1.01-1.78,P=0.04).Through the reverse Mendelian randomization analysis of osteoarthritis to different exercise intensities,it was found that osteoarthritis was negatively correlated with low-intensity exercise and positively correlated with watching TV.The analysis results show that there is a two-way causal relationship between different exercise intensity and osteoarthritis risk.

Neurofibromas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors. It is more common in neurofibromatosis type Ⅰ. However, isolated vagal nerve neurofibroma（VNN） of the neck is extremely rare, and only a few case reports have been reported. Its etiology and pathogenesis are not clear. The diagnosis is mainly based on pathological examination and immunohistochemistry, and surgical resection is the main treatment. This study reports a rare case of giant solitary vagus neurofibroma in the neck. The patient was a 29-year-old female who was found to have a mass on the right side of the neck by physical examination, which was considered to be a vagus nerve tumor by neck ultrasound and imaging examination. The tumor was completely removed during the operation, with the size of about 10.0 cm×2.5 cm, and the patient had no special discomfort. Postoperative pathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed neurofibroma. After surgery, the patient had right vocal cord paralysis, hoarseness, choking and paroxysmal cough. After swallowing function training and voice rehabilitation treatment in the department, the patient recovered satisfactorily. There was no complication and recurrence during the follow-up of 1 year. This article reviews the literature to improve the diagnosis and treatment of solitary vagus neurofibroma in the neck by combining its medical history, imaging features, pathology and immunohistochemistry, and surgical treatment.
Humans ; Female ; Adult ; Neurofibroma ; Vagus Nerve/pathology* ; Neck ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become one of the important causes of hepatocellular carcinoma globally, with the prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Thus, the incidence of MAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma has increased significantly. Currently, more than 1/3 of such patients often have combined metabolic disorders and can directly progress to hepatocellular carcinoma without going through the cirrhosis stage, which increases the difficulty of early-stage clinical screening, diagnosis and treatment and greatly increases the global disease burden. This paper describes the epidemiological trends and clinical characteristics of MAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma, explores the difficulties in screening and treatment methods, and provides a reference for clinical practice and research.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and related factors of cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients.Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. A total of 612 hypertensive patients with the age of (69.06±6.58) years (median 68.00 years) admitted in the Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army from October 2022 to April 2024 were enrolled. The demographic and clinical data were collected, the cognition status was assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) at admission. The related factors of cognition disorders were analyzed with univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results:The results showed that female hypertensive patients and those with older age, lower education, higher fasting blood glucose (FBG) and diabetes mellitus, higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and more cardiovascular comorbidities were likely to have cognition disorders (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that smoking history, elevated SBP, elevated heart rate, elevated FBG, and elevated LDL-C were independent risk factors for cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients,while higher education level was an independent protective factor (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Smoking, increased SBP, increased heart rate, increased FBG, increased LDL-C and lower education level are independently associated with cognition disorders in elderly hypertensive patients.

Objective:To analyze the phenotype and genotype of a neonate with Hypoparathyroidism-sensorineural deafness-renal dysplasia syndrome (HDR).Methods:A female neonate with HDR syndrome and thyroid deficiency detected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in on December 6, 2023 was selected as the study subject, Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (Lc WGS) and whole exome sequencing (WES) were carried out. Using " hypoparathyroidism" " sensorineural deafness" " renal dysplasia" " HDR" " Barakat" and" GATA3" as keywords, the CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and PubMed database were searched, and the retrieval time was set from the establishment to March 2025. Results:A proband, a full-term female infant, had presented with feeding difficulty, micrognathia, and low-set ears. Serological test revealed hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypoparathyroidism, low T3, low T4 and high TSH. Hearing test revealed bilateral sensorineural deafness. Ultrasonic test revealed absence of right kidney and thyroid. WES revealed that the she has harbored a deletion of approximately 6.67 Mb at 10p15.1p13, and Lc WGS confirmed the presence of a 6.70 Mb deletion in the same region, which was verified as a de novo variant. Literature review suggested that HDR was rarely diagnosed among neonates. Among the nine cases diagnosed in neonatal period, 66.6% (6/9) exhibited the typical triad, 77.7% (7/9) had hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemic convulsion as the initial symptom, 22.2% (2/9) had sensorineural hearing loss or renal malformation, and 66.6% (6/9) had multiple malformations including facial dysmorphism and congenital heart disease. 55.5% (5/9) had a large deletion in the 10p15 region, whilst 33.3% (3/9) had a single gene variant. The range of the deletion had correlated with the diversity of clinical phenotypes in HDR syndrome, but the classic triad of symptoms may presented in any combination, independent of deletion size. Association of HDR with thyroid deficiency has been unreported previously.Conclusion:For neonates presenting with one of the symptoms of HDR triad or in combination with other malformations, genetic testing should be carried out.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the differences in chemical composition of mussels from Shengsi,Zhoushan in different har-vest months,and to compare the differences in the composition of mussels from different origins,so as to provide ideas for the compre-hensive utilization of its resources.METHODS Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UHPLC-QqQ-MS)and spectrophotometry were used to analyze and evaluate the contents of nucleosides,amino acids,water-soluble proteins,total sugars and polysaccharides in mussels from Shengsi,Zhoushan in 12 months of the year and from 5 different origins;principal component analysis(PCA),partial least squares discriminant method(PLS-DA)and TOPSIS method were used to compre-hensively evaluate mussels.RESULTS A total of 16 amino acids and 11 nucleosides were detected in mussels.The average content of total amino acids in Shengsi mussels throughout the year was 4 851.74 μg·g-1,the average content of total nucleosides was 921.40 μg·g-1,and the average contents of water-soluble protein,polysaccharides,and total sugars were 51.32 mg·g-1,74.39 μg·g-1,and 417.22 mg·g-1,respectively.The nucleosides of Shengsi mussels were the highest in March and April,the ami-no acids and water-soluble proteins were the highest in April and May,and the polysaccharides and total sugars were the highest in Oc-tober and November.The PCA and PLS-DA results of the chemical components of different resources showed that there were great differences in Shengsi mussel samples harvested in different seasons.The entropy weight TOPSIS analysis showed that the comprehen-sive scores of Shengsi mussels in March and April(S7 and S8)were better than those in other areas,and the comprehensive score of Shengsi mussels in April(S8)was the highest,which was determined to be the best harvesting month.CONCLUSION The comparison results of multi-type resource chemistry show that there are great differences in the chemical compo-sition of Shengsi mussels in different harvesting seasons;the quality of Shengsi mussels is better than that of other areas;April is the best harvesting season,providing a reference for the quality evaluation and comprehensive development and utilization of mussels.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the phenotype and genotype of a neonate with Hypoparathyroidism-sensorineural deafness-renal dysplasia syndrome (HDR). METHODS: A female neonate with HDR syndrome and thyroid deficiency detected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University on December 6,2023 was selected as the study subject, Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (Lc WGS) and whole exome sequencing (WES) were carried out. Using "hypoparathyroidism""sensorineural deafness""renal dysplasia""HDR""Barakat" and"GATA3" as keywords, the CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and PubMed database were searched, and the retrieval time was set from the establishment to March 2025. RESULTS: A proband, a full-term female infant, had presented with feeding difficulty, micrognathia, and low-set ears. Serological test revealed hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypoparathyroidism, low T3, low T4 and high TSH. Hearing test revealed bilateral sensorineural deafness. Ultrasonic test revealed absence of right kidney and thyroid. WES revealed that the she has harbored a deletion of approximately 6.67 Mb at 10p15.1p13, and Lc WGS confirmed the presence of a 6.70 Mb deletion in the same region, which was verified as a de novo variant. Literature review suggested that HDR was rarely diagnosed among neonates. Among the nine cases diagnosed in neonatal period, 66.6% (6/9) exhibited the typical triad, 77.7% (7/9) had hypoparathyroidism with hypocalcemic convulsion as the initial symptom, 22.2% (2/9) had sensorineural hearing loss or renal malformation, and 66.6% (6/9) had multiple malformations including facial dysmorphism and congenital heart disease. 55.5% (5/9) had a large deletion in the 10p15 region, whilst 33.3% (3/9) had a single gene variant. The range of the deletion had correlated with the diversity of clinical phenotypes in HDR syndrome, but the classic triad of symptoms may presented in any combination, independent of deletion size. Association of HDR with thyroid deficiency has been unreported previously. CONCLUSION For neonates presenting with one of the symptoms of HDR triad or in combination with other malformations, genetic testing should be carried out.
Humans ; Hypoparathyroidism/diagnosis* ; Female ; Infant, Newborn ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural/diagnosis* ; GATA3 Transcription Factor/genetics* ; Nephrosis/genetics* ; Phenotype ; Exome Sequencing

objective:Thirty-three batches of Baohe Pill were subjected to quality analysis and exploratory study based on the test results.Methods:According to the methods in Chinese Pharmacopoeia,2020 Edition,Part Ⅰ and Ⅳ,the full-item chemical tests were conducted on Baohe Pill,and the exploratory study on the identification(2)method of Baohe Pill was conducted based on the method of Forsythia identification(2)in Chinese Pharmaco-poeia,2020 Edition,Part Ⅰ.Results:All the tested items in the 33 batches of samples were qualified,and the exploratory study on Baohe Pill based on the Forsythia herb also yielded satisfactory results.Conclusion:The qual-ity of Baohe Pill produced by various manufacturers can meet the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia,ensuring the safe and effective use of drugs by the people.Through more extensive and thorough investigation,it is proposed to explore whether the identification(2)method of Baohe Pill in Chinese Pharmacopoeia needs to be optimized.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the differences in chemical composition of mussels from Shengsi,Zhoushan in different har-vest months,and to compare the differences in the composition of mussels from different origins,so as to provide ideas for the compre-hensive utilization of its resources.METHODS Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry(UHPLC-QqQ-MS)and spectrophotometry were used to analyze and evaluate the contents of nucleosides,amino acids,water-soluble proteins,total sugars and polysaccharides in mussels from Shengsi,Zhoushan in 12 months of the year and from 5 different origins;principal component analysis(PCA),partial least squares discriminant method(PLS-DA)and TOPSIS method were used to compre-hensively evaluate mussels.RESULTS A total of 16 amino acids and 11 nucleosides were detected in mussels.The average content of total amino acids in Shengsi mussels throughout the year was 4 851.74 μg·g-1,the average content of total nucleosides was 921.40 μg·g-1,and the average contents of water-soluble protein,polysaccharides,and total sugars were 51.32 mg·g-1,74.39 μg·g-1,and 417.22 mg·g-1,respectively.The nucleosides of Shengsi mussels were the highest in March and April,the ami-no acids and water-soluble proteins were the highest in April and May,and the polysaccharides and total sugars were the highest in Oc-tober and November.The PCA and PLS-DA results of the chemical components of different resources showed that there were great differences in Shengsi mussel samples harvested in different seasons.The entropy weight TOPSIS analysis showed that the comprehen-sive scores of Shengsi mussels in March and April(S7 and S8)were better than those in other areas,and the comprehensive score of Shengsi mussels in April(S8)was the highest,which was determined to be the best harvesting month.CONCLUSION The comparison results of multi-type resource chemistry show that there are great differences in the chemical compo-sition of Shengsi mussels in different harvesting seasons;the quality of Shengsi mussels is better than that of other areas;April is the best harvesting season,providing a reference for the quality evaluation and comprehensive development and utilization of mussels.