ObjectiveThis paper aims to observe the syndrome improvement and negative antigen conversion rate of Qingxuan Daozhi formula in the treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome）. MethodsThrough a multi-center randomized controlled methodology design，confirmed influenza cases were collected from October 2022 to April 2023 in the pediatrics department of eight hospitals，such as Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. A total of 180 children with influenza and heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome conforming to the standard were recruited through the clinic. The sick children meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into groups by a block-randomized method. The children in the experimental group were treated with Qingxuan Daozhi formula for five days，and those in the control group were treated with Oseltamivir Phosphate Granules for five days. The primary efficacy indicator was the negative conversion rate of influenza antigen detection. Secondary efficacy indicators were the Canadian acute respiratory illness and flu scale （CARIFS） and the incidence of complications，severe cases， and critical cases. Follow-up observation was conducted on the day of enrollment，48 hours after medication，72 hours after medication， and （6+1） d after medication. ResultsOne hundred and eighty participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group （90 cases） or the control group （90 cases）. All participants were followed up during the study. Comparison of influenza antigen detection results in the primary efficacy indicators showed that the average time of negative influenza antigen conversion in the experimental group was （5.29±1.25） d，and that in the control group was （5.40±1.68） d，without a statistically significant difference. After five days of intervention，52 cases in the experimental group and 51 cases in the control group converted to negative，without a statistically significant difference. CARIFS score results in the secondary efficacy indicators showed that during 72 hours after intervention，there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in three dimensions， including headache，muscle soreness， and the need for extra care （P<0.05）. On the （6+1） days after the intervention，the differences in both the experimental group and the control group were statistically significant in 10 dimensions， including sore throat，bad sleep，uncomfortable feeling，poor spirit and fatigue，crying more than usual，the need for extra care，symptom，function，influence on parents，and total score （P<0.05）. The comparison results within the group in the dimensional scores of symptom， function， and influence on parents，as well as the CARIFS total score showed that with the delay of follow-up time，scores of both groups decreased significantly，with a statistically significant difference （P<0.01）. Inter-group comparison results showed that the mean score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at the time of enrollment. With the progress of intervention，the score of the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with that of the control group. At the end of follow-up，the mean score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group，with no statistically significant difference. In terms of the incidence of complications，severe cases， and critical cases， there were no complications，severe cases， and critical cases in the two groups，without a statistically significant difference. ConclusionThe symptom improvement effect and negative antigen conversion rate of Qingxuan Daozhi formula in the treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome） are not inferior to Oseltamivir Phosphate granules， and children's acceptance is better. It can be more widely used in clinical treatment of influenza in children （heat accumulation in the lung and stomach syndrome）.

Background Patients with pneumoconiosis often have limited disease-related knowledge, insufficient access to health education, and substantial health management needs. Health education may help improve rehabilitation outcomes and quality of life in this population. Objective To evaluate the effects of health education based on the Listen-Establish-Adopt-Reinforce-Name-Strength (LEARNS) model on rehabilitation outcomes, health-related behaviors, and quality of life among pneumoconiosis patients, and provide effective intervention strategies for the rehabilitation management of patients with pneumoconiosis. Methods A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 120 pneumoconiosis patients treated in the Department of Occupational Diseases, Beijing Emergency General Hospital, from November 2024 to February 2025 were enrolled. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group or an intervention group using a random number table method, with 60 patients in each group. The control group received routine pharmacotherapy, whereas the intervention group received a 12-week LEARNS model-based health-education intervention in addition to routine treatment. The 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) was used to assess exercise tolerance, and the modified Medical Research Council dyspnoea scale (mMRC) was used to evaluate dyspnoea. The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) were applied for psychological status assessment. Pulmonary function, including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁) and forced vital capacity (FVC), was measured using spirometry. A self-designed scale was used to evaluate eight health-related behaviors targeted by the health education program. The 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Assessment Test (CAT) were used to assess quality of life, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was adopted to evaluate sleep quality. Results After the 12-week intervention, the control group showed no statistically significant changes from baseline in the measured outcomes(P＞0.05). In the intervention group, exercise tolerance improved significantly, with the 6-minute walking distance increasing from (382.55±19.52) m to (426.84±33.59) m (P＜0.001). Dyspnoea was also alleviated, with the mMRC score decreasing from 1.37±0.66 to 0.96±0.54 (P＜0.001). The CAT score decreased from 18.95±7.03 to 10.67±3.64 (P＜0.001). Significant improvements were observed in anxiety and depression symptoms (P＜0.001), with the SAS score decreasing from 38.85±6.24 to 34.27±2.27, and the SDS score decreasing from 49.01±3.25 to 45.49±3.44. Sleep quality improved significantly, with the PSQI score dropping from 7.89±4.35 to 4.05±2.31 (P＜0.001). All eight health-related behaviors in the intervention group improved significantly after the intervention (P＜0.001), including acquisition of disease-related knowledge (1.87±0.34 vs. 3.13±0.45), participation in health education activities (1.89±0.52 vs. 3.61±0.38), and regular physical exercise (2.37±0.41 vs. 4.17±0.33). All SF-36 domain scores increased significantly (P＜0.05), with the most prominent improvements observed in physical functioning, general health, and vitality. At week 12, all SF-36 domain scores were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (P＜0.05). No statistically significant between-group differences were detected in pulmonary function parameters (P＞0.05). Conclusion LEARNS model-based health education could improve exercise tolerance, dyspnea, psychological status, sleep quality, health-related behaviors, and quality of life among patients with pneumoconiosis, and therefore may be a useful adjunctive strategy for rehabilitation management in patients with pneumoconiosis.

Objective:To develop a self-locked DNAzyme nanoprobe-based fluorescence amplification strategy for wash-free and ultrasensitive detection of breast cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV).Method:A DNAzyme self-locked probe was designed to recognize the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) specifically expressed on breast cancer-derived sEVs. Upon binding to EpCAM, the DNAzyme-lock structure was opened, restoring the DNAzyme cleavage activity. The activated DNAzyme then cyclically cleaved the RNA site on the substrate strand. Fluorescently labeled substrate strands were used to detect sEVs at varying concentrations, and the detection limit and linear range were determined.Results:The DNAzyme self-locked probe successfully identified breast cancer-derived sEVs and generated a fluorescent signal through cyclic cleavage. The proposed method achieved wash-free detection of sEVs, with the fluorescence intensity showing a strong linear correlation with sEV concentration ( R2=0.98). The linear detection range was 1.0×10 2-1.0×1.0 7 particles/μl, with a detection limit of 59 particles/μl. Conclusion:This study established a wash-free and highly sensitive strategy for quantifying breast cancer-derived sEVs, which provides a promising technical approach for the early diagnosis of cancer.

OBJECTIVE To monitor the common pathogens for viral diarrhea in children under 5 years old in Wuxi area,and to analyze their epidemiological characteristics and trends.METHODS Diarrhea specimens were collected from inpatient and outpatient children with diarrhea in sentinel hospitals in Wuxi from 2018 to 2023.The norovir-us,rotavirus,sapovirus,enteradenovirus and astrovirus were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative pol-ymerase chain reaction(PCR),and the monitoring results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 654 vi-rus-positive cases were detected from 1898 diarrhea specimens with an overall detection rate of 34.46%.Among them,norovirus and rotavirus had the highest detection rates 12.54%and 11.70%,respectively.The detection rate of viruses was the highest in children aged 12 to<24 months,reaching 59.03%.In inpatient children with di-arrhea,rotavirus had the highest detection rate at 14.03%,while in outpatient children with diarrhea,norovirus had the highest detection rate at 11.93%.There was a significant difference in the detection rate of rotavirus be-tween inpatient and outpatient children(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Viral diarrheal diseases exhibit a notably high detection rate among children aged 12 to<24 months in Wuxi,suggesting the need to further optimize prevention and control measures for this age group.

Objective:To develop a self-locked DNAzyme nanoprobe-based fluorescence amplification strategy for wash-free and ultrasensitive detection of breast cancer-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEV).Method:A DNAzyme self-locked probe was designed to recognize the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) specifically expressed on breast cancer-derived sEVs. Upon binding to EpCAM, the DNAzyme-lock structure was opened, restoring the DNAzyme cleavage activity. The activated DNAzyme then cyclically cleaved the RNA site on the substrate strand. Fluorescently labeled substrate strands were used to detect sEVs at varying concentrations, and the detection limit and linear range were determined.Results:The DNAzyme self-locked probe successfully identified breast cancer-derived sEVs and generated a fluorescent signal through cyclic cleavage. The proposed method achieved wash-free detection of sEVs, with the fluorescence intensity showing a strong linear correlation with sEV concentration ( R2=0.98). The linear detection range was 1.0×10 2-1.0×1.0 7 particles/μl, with a detection limit of 59 particles/μl. Conclusion:This study established a wash-free and highly sensitive strategy for quantifying breast cancer-derived sEVs, which provides a promising technical approach for the early diagnosis of cancer.

Objective:This study aims to explore the intervention effects of five different intelligent rehabilitation technologies, namely immersive virtual reality (imVR), non-fully immersive virtual reality (Nf-imVR), augmented reality, brain-computer interface (BCI), and rehabilitation robot (RT), on the upper limb function and activities of daily living of stroke patients with upper limb dysfunction.Methods:A computer-based search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Databases for randomized controlled trials (RCT) on the intervention effects of different intelligent rehabilitation technologies on stroke patients with upper limb dysfunction. Manual search and other retrieval methods were also supplemented. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the databases to May 31, 2024. Data were extracted and the methodological quality was evaluated, and a network Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software.Results:A total of 34 articals were included, involving 1 926 patients, and the studies included five intelligent rehabilitation technologies. The control groups all received dose-matched conventional physical training. The results of the network Meta-analysis showed that, compared with the dose-matched conventional physical training, in terms of improving upper limb function, the BCI had the best effect, followed by imVR, RT, Nf-imVR, and augmented reality in sequence; in terms of improving activities of daily living, the BCI still had the best effect, followed by imVR, RT, augmented reality, and Nf-imVR in sequence. The clustering ranking of upper limb function and activities of daily living was BCI >imVR > RT > Nf-imVR > augmented reality in turn.Conclusions:Intelligent rehabilitation technologies have advantages in improving the upper limb function and activities of daily living of stroke patients with upper limb dysfunction, and the BCI has obvious advantages.

OBJECTIVE To monitor the common pathogens for viral diarrhea in children under 5 years old in Wuxi area,and to analyze their epidemiological characteristics and trends.METHODS Diarrhea specimens were collected from inpatient and outpatient children with diarrhea in sentinel hospitals in Wuxi from 2018 to 2023.The norovir-us,rotavirus,sapovirus,enteradenovirus and astrovirus were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative pol-ymerase chain reaction(PCR),and the monitoring results were statistically analyzed.RESULTS A total of 654 vi-rus-positive cases were detected from 1898 diarrhea specimens with an overall detection rate of 34.46%.Among them,norovirus and rotavirus had the highest detection rates 12.54%and 11.70%,respectively.The detection rate of viruses was the highest in children aged 12 to<24 months,reaching 59.03%.In inpatient children with di-arrhea,rotavirus had the highest detection rate at 14.03%,while in outpatient children with diarrhea,norovirus had the highest detection rate at 11.93%.There was a significant difference in the detection rate of rotavirus be-tween inpatient and outpatient children(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Viral diarrheal diseases exhibit a notably high detection rate among children aged 12 to<24 months in Wuxi,suggesting the need to further optimize prevention and control measures for this age group.

Macrophage extracellular traps(METs)are extracellular fibrous web-like structures produced by macro-phages.Under physiological conditions,METs capture and kill microorganisms by releasing high concentrations of granular proteins,serving as an innate immune defense mechanism and playing a vital protective role in resisting the progression of inflammatory diseases.Excessive release of METs can also exacerbate the inflammatory response and cause further tissue damage.

Objective To assess the clinical value of conventional contrast enhanced CT(CECT),multi parameter energy spectrum CT,and contrast enhanced MR(CEMR)imaging methods in evaluating hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)after TACE treatment.Methods The clinical data of 66 HCC patients,who underwent TACE treatment at authors' hospital and received CECT,multi parameter energy spectrum CT and CEMR in 1-3 months after treatment,were retrospectively analyzed.Taking DSA results as the gold standard,the recurrent or residual lesions detected by DSA were classified as positive lesions,while the lesions having no obvious recurrence or residues were classified as negative lesions.The positive lesions that were detected by both DSA and other imaging methods were regarded as true positive lesions.The accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,Kappa value were used to compare the values of CECT,multi parameter energy spectrum CT and CEMR in evaluating the positive/negative lesions of HCC after TACE treatment,and the number of detected lesions and accuracy rate were used to evaluate the values of the above imaging methods in demonstrating the iodine oil deposition status and in diagnosing true positive lesions.Results A total of 133 positive lesions and 35 negative lesions were detected by DSA.The accuracy of CEMR in diagnosing lesions was highest,the accuracy rate was 88.70％(both P＜0.05);CEMR and energy spectrum CT had the highest diagnostic efficiency,the sensitivity for positive lesions was 92.31％and 81.95％respectively,and the difference between the two methods was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).No statistically significant difference in the ability of diagnosing negative lesions existed between each other among the three groups(all P＞0.05).The Kappa value suggested that the ability for diagnosing lesions after TACE treatment of CEMR was stronger than that of energy spectrum CT(Kappa value was 0.68 and 0.56 respectively,both P＜0.05).CECT and multi parameter energy spectrum CT had the same accuracy in evaluating the iodine oil deposition status(both were 91.7％).No statistically significant difference in diagnosing even iodine oil deposition of the true positive lesions existed between each other among the three groups(all P＞0.05).For diagnosing uneven iodine oil deposition of the true positive lesions,CEMR had the highest accuracy(92.50％,all P＜0.05).Conclusion CEMR and multi parameter energy spectrum CT have more reliable diagnostic performance than conventional CECT,besides,CEMR has the highest diagnostic performance.However,multi parameter energy spectrum CT and CECT are the better choice for evaluating the deposition status of iodine oil.

Objective To compare the positioning errors,required planning target volume(PTV)outer expansion boundary and three-dimensional displacement of two different positioning fixation devices CIVCO Uni-frame carbon fiber adjustable angle head frame and domestic integrated board in radiotherapy for the pa-tients with head tumor,and to investigate the application value of CIVCO headrest in the positioning of head tumor radiotherpay.Methods The clinical data of 82 patients with head tumors who underwent radiotherapy in this hospital from January to December 2023 were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into the adjustable angle head frame group and integrated plate group,41 cases in each group.Both groups were fixed with U-shaped thermoplastic head film.Radiotherapy was performed by using ELEKTA infinity linear accelerator.The cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)image guidance was used,combined with bone reg-istration and manual calibration to obtain the patient positioning errors in three directions:X axis,Y axis and Z axis.The positioning error data of each CBCT was recorded;based on the PTV outward expansion boundary formula(2.5∑+0.7σ),the PTV outward expansion boundaries required by the two fixation devices in all di-rections for the treatment of head tumors were calculated;the 3-dimensional spatial displacement was calculat-ed based on the patient's single radiotherapy positioning error.Results The absolute positioning errors in the X,Y,and Z directions of the adjustable angle head frame group were 0.13(0.07,0.22),0.16(0.16,0.27),0.10(0.05,0.18)cm respectively,which in the integrated board group were 0.14(0.07,0.24),0.18(0.08,0.32),0.09(0.04,0.10)cm respectively.The absolute error of the Y direction in the adjustable angle head frame group was smaller than that of the integrated board group(P=0.006),and the difference in the relative error between the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).According to the PTV expansion formula,the calculated expansion boundaries of the X,Y,and Z directions in the adjustable head frame group were 0.24,0.30,0.22 cm,which in the integrated plate group were 0.21,0.36,0.21 cm,respectively.The three-dimensional space comprehensive positioning error value could be calculated by the formula calculation using the positioning error values in three directions.The mean values of the three-dimensional space positio-ning errors of the adjustable angle headstock group and domestic integrated plate group were 0.320 cm and 0.340 cm respectively,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion The absolute error in Y direction and the median value of three-dimensional displacement of the CIVCO adjustable angle head rest are smaller than those of the domestic integrated plate,which is worthy of clinical promoted applica-tion if conditions permit.