ObjectiveTo investigate the intervention effects of modified Linggui Zhugan Tang （LGZGT） on patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome （OSAHS） of the spleen deficiency and dampness obstruction with blood stasis type， reveal its possible mechanisms， and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of OSAHS with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. MethodsEighty OSAHS patients with spleen deficiency and dampness obstruction with blood stasis were randomly assigned to a control group and an observation group （1∶1） using a random number table， with 40 patients in each group. The control group received standard basic treatment combined with oral Doxofylline tablets， while the observation group received standard basic treatment combined with modified LGZGT. Serum levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor （MIF）， microRNA-223 （miR-223）， and interleukin-18 （IL-18） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and the mRNA expression levels of MIF， miR-223， and IL-18 were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. After two months of treatment， the total clinical efficacy， apnea-hypopnea index （AHI）， lowest nocturnal oxygen saturation （LSpO₂）， body mass index （BMI）， TCM syndrome scores， and expression levels of MIF， miR-223， and IL-18 before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Correlations between MIF， miR-223， IL-18 and AHI and LSpO₂ were also analyzed. ResultsCompared with the control group， the observation group showed a significantly higher total clinical effective rate （P<0.01， Z=-3.49）. Within the control group， no significant changes were observed in AHI， LSpO₂， BMI， TCM syndrome scores， or MIF， miR-223， IL-18 levels and their mRNAs after treatment. In the observation group， AHI， BMI， TCM syndrome scores， and MIF and IL-18 levels and their mRNAs decreased significantly， while LSpO₂ increased significantly （P<0.01）. After treatment， compared with the control group， the observation group exhibited significantly lower AHI， BMI， TCM syndrome scores， and MIF and IL-18 levels and their mRNAs， and significantly higher LSpO₂ （P<0.01）. Correlation analysis showed that MIF and IL-18 were positively correlated with AHI （P<0.01） and negatively correlated with LSpO₂ （P<0.01）， whereas miR-223 was negatively correlated with AHI （P<0.01） and positively correlated with LSpO₂ （P<0.01）. ConclusionModified LGZGT may improve OSAHS of the spleen deficiency and dampness obstruction with blood stasis type by reducing airway inflammatory factors， alleviating airway inflammation， relieving airway edema and stenosis， and improving airway obstruction.

Silicone implant leakage and capsular calcification are potential complications following breast augmentation with silicone implants. This article presents a case of silicone implant leakage accompanied by capsular calcification following breast augmentation surgery. A 51-year-old female presented with self-reported breast hardening over 21 years after undergoing bilateral silicone implant augmentation mammoplasty and sought medical attention at the Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University in 2019. Physical examination revealed eggshell-like hardening of the implants with Baker grade Ⅱ capsular contracture. CT scans demonstrated capsular calcification, leading to bilateral explantation and capsulectomy. Intraoperative findings showed calcified capsules with gelatinous material adherent to the surface. Postoperative compositional analysis confirmed calcium phosphate deposits in the calcified lesions. During the 6-year follow-up, the patient remained asymptomatic without breast pain, new masses, or impaired upper limb mobility. The incisions healed well with no sensory abnormalities. Literature review suggested that implant leakage may result from either long-term mechanical irritation secondary to capsular calcification or occult silicone leakage.

Objective By detecting the changes of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in brain tissue,as well as serum S-100β and neuron specific enolases(NSE)in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)under differ-ent treatment regimens,the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of hydrogen gas were explored.Methods HIE animal model was made from 7-day-old newborn SD rats,and then divided into sham operation group,control group,test group 1(saturated hydro-gen saline group),test group 2(mild hypothermia group),and test group 3(combination group)according to completely random number table method.No special treatment was given in the sham operation group,while the control group only had modeling,test group 1 was in-traperitoneally injected with saturated hydrogen saline after modeling,test group 2 was treated with mild hypothermia after modeling,test group3 was treated with mild hypothermia combined with injection of saturated hydrogen saline after modeling.At 1,3 and 7days after modeling,10 rats from each group were decapitated and brain tissue was collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)de-tection of IL-6 and TNF-α,and serum was collected to detect the expression levels of S-100β and NSE.Results The expression levels of IL-6,TNF-α in the brain tissue,S-100β,and NSE in serum of the control group were increased significantly 1day after modeling,began to decline at 3days,and returned to normal at 7days.Compared with the sham operation group,the expression levels of various indicators in the 1day and 3days were statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,the expression levels of various indicators in test group 1and 2decreased compared with the control group on 1day and 3days after modeling(P＜0.05),but were higher than those in test group 3 and sham operation group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the comparison of various indicators between test group 1 and 2 at each stage(P＞0.05).Conclusion Hydrogen treatment can reduce the inflammatory response level of the nervous system to some extent,and also has a certain neuroprotective effect on HIE in neonatal rats.

Objective Exploring alterations in regional homogeneity(ReHo)in the brain of adolescents with depression and suicide attempts.Methods Adolescent patients with depression were included.Those with at least one suicide attempt within one year were classified as the suicide attempt group(32 cases),and those without suicide attempts within one year were classified as the non-suicide attempt group(33 cases).Additionally,a healthy control group(31 individuals)was included.All subjects underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)scans,and the ReHo values were calculated.The severity of depressive symptoms and the suicide risk were evaluated using the patient health questionnaire-9(PHQ-9)and the mini-international neuropsychiatric interview(MINI)suicide scale,respectively.The ReHo values were compared across groups,and the correlations between ReHo values in distinct brain regions and the PHQ-9 and the MINI suicide scales were analyzed.Results Compared with the healthy control group,the ReHo values in the right and left thalamus,right and left precentral gyrus were decreased in the suicide attempt group(voxel level P<0.001,cluster level P<0.05,GRF corrected),while the ReHo value in the right superior temporal gyrus was increased(voxel level P<0.001,cluster level P<0.05,GRF corrected).Compared with the healthy control group,the ReHo values in the right midbrain and the right thalamus were decreased in the non-suicide attempt group(voxel level P<0.001,cluster level P<0.05,GRF corrected),while the ReHo values in the left middle frontal gyrus,right middle frontal gyrus,and right superior frontal gyrus were increased(voxel level P<0.001,cluster level P<0.05,GRF corrected).Compared with the non-suicide attempt group,the ReHo values in the right medial and paracingulate gyrus were decreased in the suicide attempt group(voxel level P<0.001,cluster level P<0.05,GRF corrected).ReHo values in the right superior temporal gyrus of the suicide attempt group showed a positive correlation with PHQ-9 scores(r=0.407,P=0.026).Conclusion Reduced ReHo values in the right medial and paracingulate gyrus at rest in the group with suicide attempt depression may be a potential neural mechanism for suicide in adolescent depressed patients.

AIM:To investigate whether total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus(COTA)attenuate ulcerative colitis(UC)in mice via PINK1/parkin mitophagy pathway.METHODS:Sixty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,positive drug mesalazine group,and low-,medium-and high-dose(0.162,0.324 and 0.486 g/kg)COTA groups,with 10 mice in each group.Except for normal control group,the mice in all groups were given free access to 3%dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)solution for 7 consecutive days to establish a UC model in mice,and were then treated with COTA or mesalazine via oral gavage.The general condition of the mice was observed,and the colon length and disease activity index(DAI)score were determined.Colon histopathological damage was observed by HE staining.The serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected by ELISA.The pro-tein levels of PINK1,parkin,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3),P62 and beclin-1 in colon tissues were determined by Western blot.The protein expression of LC3 and parkin was detected by immunofluorescence.RE-SULTS:Compared with normal control group,the mice in model group showed varying degrees of soft stools or bloody stools,decreased body weight(P<0.05),increased DAI score,shortened colon length(P<0.05),and obvious pathologi-cal damage in the colon tissue.The serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were elevated(P<0.05).The protein levels of parkin,PINK1,LC3-II and beclin-1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while P62 protein expression was in-creased(P<0.05).Immunofluorescence showed a small number of autophagosomes in the colon tissue.In contrast,com-pared with model group,the mice in total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus groups exhibited increased body weight(P<0.05),decreased DAI score,increased colon length(P<0.05),and reduced levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α(P<0.05).The protein levels of parkin,PINK1,LC3 and beclin-1 were elevated(P<0.05),while P62 expression was re-duced(P<0.05),with numerous autophagosomes visible in the colon tissue via immunofluorescence.CONCLUSION:Total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus can enhance the expression of mitophagy-related proteins PINK1,parkin,LC3 and beclin-1,activate mitophagy,and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors,thereby attenuating the inflammatory re-sponse in the colon mucosa of DSS-induced UC mice.

Objective To investigate the loci in the STRtyper-21G kit that are prone to tolerance mismatches when compared with the GlobalFilerTM kit and the PowerPlex? 21 kit,and to analyze the underlying causes.Methods A total of 5,870 database comparison reports involving STRtyper-21G profiles and other autosomal STR kits were examined for identity alignment.Samples showing mismatched loci were re-tested using the STRtyper-21G,GlobalFilerTM,and PowerPlex? 21 kits.For loci with mismatches,primers were redesigned and sequencing was performed.Results Eight mismatched samples(8/5 870)were identified,involving the loci D18S51,D8S1179,and D2S1338.Sequencing revealed that the allele dropout at D18S51 was due to a G→A mutation at the 79th base upstream of the core sequence;at D8S1179,a C→A mutation at the 4th base upstream;and at D2S1338,a C→T mutation at the 22nd base downstream.Conclusion All mismatches were attributable to mutations in primer binding regions.These findings provide reference for interpreting mismatch results in the STRtyper-21G database.When mismatches occur at these loci and the profiles are homozygous,exclusion conclusions should be made with caution.

Objective By detecting the changes of interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in brain tissue,as well as serum S-100β and neuron specific enolases(NSE)in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE)under differ-ent treatment regimens,the anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects of hydrogen gas were explored.Methods HIE animal model was made from 7-day-old newborn SD rats,and then divided into sham operation group,control group,test group 1(saturated hydro-gen saline group),test group 2(mild hypothermia group),and test group 3(combination group)according to completely random number table method.No special treatment was given in the sham operation group,while the control group only had modeling,test group 1 was in-traperitoneally injected with saturated hydrogen saline after modeling,test group 2 was treated with mild hypothermia after modeling,test group3 was treated with mild hypothermia combined with injection of saturated hydrogen saline after modeling.At 1,3 and 7days after modeling,10 rats from each group were decapitated and brain tissue was collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)de-tection of IL-6 and TNF-α,and serum was collected to detect the expression levels of S-100β and NSE.Results The expression levels of IL-6,TNF-α in the brain tissue,S-100β,and NSE in serum of the control group were increased significantly 1day after modeling,began to decline at 3days,and returned to normal at 7days.Compared with the sham operation group,the expression levels of various indicators in the 1day and 3days were statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,the expression levels of various indicators in test group 1and 2decreased compared with the control group on 1day and 3days after modeling(P＜0.05),but were higher than those in test group 3 and sham operation group,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance in the comparison of various indicators between test group 1 and 2 at each stage(P＞0.05).Conclusion Hydrogen treatment can reduce the inflammatory response level of the nervous system to some extent,and also has a certain neuroprotective effect on HIE in neonatal rats.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of liquid phase concentrated growth factors (LPCGF) combined with a stabilization splint in treating temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) compared to a stabilization splint alone.Methods:A retrospective analysis of 60 TMJOA patients from December 2020 to June 2022 at Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Yinchuan Stomatology Hospital was conducted. Patients were divided into experimental group (LPCGF+stabilization splint) and control group (stabilization splint only). The experimental group received an initial LPCGF injection, followed by biweekly injections for two sessions. Clinical assessments, including visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, maximum mouth opening (MMO), and Friction index, were conducted at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12 months post-treatment.Results:At 3 months post-treatment, the VAS scores of both the control group and the experimental group [6.00 (5.00, 7.00), 6.00 (5.00, 7.00)] were significantly lower than those before treatment [2.00 (2.00, 3.00), 2.00 (2.00, 3.00)] (all P<0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups ( P>0.05). The MMO [36.00 (34.75, 39.00), 37.50 (35.00, 40.00) mm] were significantly larger than those before treatment [(29.32±4.83), (27.63±6.43) mm] (all P<0.001), and there was no statistically significant difference between the groups ( P>0.05). The craniiomandibular index (CMI), dysfunction index (DI), and palpation (PI) of both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (all P<0.001), and there were no statistically significant differences between the groups ( P>0.05). At 6 months post-treatment, the VAS scores of both the control group and the experimental group were significantly higher than those before treatment (all P<0.001), the MMO were significantly larger than those before treatment ( P<0.001), and the Fricton index was significantly lower than that before treatment ( P<0.05). Among them, the VAS score, DI, and CMI of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference in MMO and PI between the two groups ( P>0.05). At 12 months post-treatment, the VAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that before treatment ( P<0.001), while there was no statistically significant difference between the control group and before treatment ( P>0.05). The VAS score of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group ( P<0.001). The MMO of both the control group and the experimental group were significantly larger than those before treatment ( P<0.001), and the DI and CMI were significantly lower than those before treatment (all P<0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups ( P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in PI between the two groups compared with before treatment (all P>0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:LPCGF combined with a stabilization splint offers a more effective long-term pain relief for TMJOA.

AIM:To investigate whether total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus(COTA)attenuate ulcerative colitis(UC)in mice via PINK1/parkin mitophagy pathway.METHODS:Sixty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,positive drug mesalazine group,and low-,medium-and high-dose(0.162,0.324 and 0.486 g/kg)COTA groups,with 10 mice in each group.Except for normal control group,the mice in all groups were given free access to 3%dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)solution for 7 consecutive days to establish a UC model in mice,and were then treated with COTA or mesalazine via oral gavage.The general condition of the mice was observed,and the colon length and disease activity index(DAI)score were determined.Colon histopathological damage was observed by HE staining.The serum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were detected by ELISA.The pro-tein levels of PINK1,parkin,microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3),P62 and beclin-1 in colon tissues were determined by Western blot.The protein expression of LC3 and parkin was detected by immunofluorescence.RE-SULTS:Compared with normal control group,the mice in model group showed varying degrees of soft stools or bloody stools,decreased body weight(P<0.05),increased DAI score,shortened colon length(P<0.05),and obvious pathologi-cal damage in the colon tissue.The serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α were elevated(P<0.05).The protein levels of parkin,PINK1,LC3-II and beclin-1 were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while P62 protein expression was in-creased(P<0.05).Immunofluorescence showed a small number of autophagosomes in the colon tissue.In contrast,com-pared with model group,the mice in total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus groups exhibited increased body weight(P<0.05),decreased DAI score,increased colon length(P<0.05),and reduced levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α(P<0.05).The protein levels of parkin,PINK1,LC3 and beclin-1 were elevated(P<0.05),while P62 expression was re-duced(P<0.05),with numerous autophagosomes visible in the colon tissue via immunofluorescence.CONCLUSION:Total alkaloids of Cocculus orbiculatus can enhance the expression of mitophagy-related proteins PINK1,parkin,LC3 and beclin-1,activate mitophagy,and reduce the expression of inflammatory factors,thereby attenuating the inflammatory re-sponse in the colon mucosa of DSS-induced UC mice.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and gene variations of children with cystic fibrosis (CF), and to improve the understanding of pediatrician on CF.Methods:The data of 7 children with CF admitted to Xi'an Children 's Hospital from July 2018 to January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. Results:The 7 patients (2 males and 5 females) were diagnosed at a median age of 3 years and 9 month(ranging from 1 year and 1 month to 10 years).The main clinical manifestations included recurrent respiratory tract infection (7 cases), bronchiectasis (3 cases), malnutrition (5 cases), steatosis (5 cases), false Bartter syndrome(2 cases), cirrhosis (1case),infantile vomiting (1 case),and meconium intestinal obstruction (1 case). A total of 14 mutation sites were found in 7 cases by whole exon sequencing and Sanger sequencing verification, including 7 missense mutations, 4 nonsenses mutations, 2 shear mutations, and 1 frameshift mutation which was a new mutation. After symptomatic treatment including anti-infection, chest physical therapy, hypertonic saline atomization, fat-soluble vitamin supplementation and pancreatic enzyme supplementation, the respiratory symptoms were controlled, the number of hospitalization due to respiratory infection was significantly reduced. However，the nutritional status of the 7 children did not reach the expected improvement.Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of CF are varied, among which recurrent respiratory tract infection, bronchiectasis and malnutrition are common.Timely targeted anti-infection and other symptomatic treatments can improve the prognosis. The compliance of the confirmed children with nutritional support is poor, and it is still necessary to strengthen the intervention of nutritional support.