Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder affecting ~65 million individuals worldwide. Abnormal synaptic plasticity is one of the most important pathological features of this condition. We investigated how ubiquitin-specific peptidase 47 (USP47) influences synaptic plasticity and its link to epilepsy. We found that USP47 enhanced excitatory postsynaptic transmission and increased the density of total dendritic spines and the proportion of mature dendritic spines. Furthermore, USP47 inhibited the degradation of the ubiquitinated α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) subunit glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1), which is associated with synaptic plasticity. In addition, elevated levels of USP47 were found in epileptic mice, and USP47 knockdown reduced the frequency and duration of seizure-like events and alleviated epileptic seizures. To summarize, we present a new mechanism whereby USP47 regulates excitatory postsynaptic plasticity through the inhibition of ubiquitinated GluR1 degradation. Modulating USP47 may offer a potential approach for controlling seizures and modifying disease progression in future therapeutic strategies.
Animals ; Receptors, AMPA/metabolism* ; Neuronal Plasticity/physiology* ; Seizures/physiopathology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice ; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase/genetics* ; Male ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials/physiology* ; Ubiquitination ; Dendritic Spines/metabolism* ; Hippocampus/metabolism*

BackgroundDepressive disorders are prevalence among adolescents， with a higher incidence in females compared to males， often accompanied by more severe depressive symptoms. Sertraline is commonly prescribed for adolescent depressive disorder， however， its efficacy is only evident in certain patients. Currently， there is limited research on predicting the therapeutic efficacy of sertraline in female adolescents with depressive disorder. ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between personality traits， psychological resilience， coping style and the clinical efficacy of sertraline treatment in female adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder， in order to provide references for the treatment of this population. MethodsA total of 112 female adolescent patients with first-episode depressive disorder， meeting the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases （tenth edition） （ICD-10）， and undergoing a 4-week treatment regimen with sertraline， were selected from the Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province from February 2019 to January 2021.General demographic questionnaire， NEO Five-Factor Inventory （NEO-FFI）， Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents （RSCA）， Coping Style Scale for Middle School Students （CSSMSS）， Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA） and Hamilton Depression Scale-17 item （HAMD-17） were used for assessment. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the factors influencing the clinical efficacy of sertraline in the treatment of female adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder. ResultsNeuroticism （β=-0.115， 95% CI： 0.807~0.984） could negatively predicted the therapeutic efficacy of sertraline in female adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder， whereas agreeableness （β=0.129， 95% CI： 1.025~1.264） and RSCA score （β=0.062， 95% CI： 1.004~1.128） could positively predict its therapeutic efficacy. ConclusionHigh neuroticism， low agreeableness and low psychological resilience may be the risk factors for the poor therapeutic effect of sertraline in the treatment of female adolescents with first-episode depressive disorder. ［Funded by 2019 Guiyang Science and Technology Program （number， Zhuke Contract ［2019］9-3-1）］

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of free flap transfer with anastomosis of anterior interosseous artery and accompanying veins as the recipient vessels in reconstruction of forearm defects.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 5 patients who received free flaps transfers with anastomoses of anterior interosseous artery and accompanying veins in reconstruction of forearm defects with exposed bone and tendon in the Department of Orthopaedics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between July 2022 and November 2023. All patients were males, aged 31 to 54 years old with an average age of 41.8 years old. Two patients had defects of dorsal ulnar forearm, 2 of distal forearm and 1 of radial palmar forearm. The defected areas after debridement sized 11.0 cm×4.5 cm-20.0 cm×6.0 cm. Free anterolateral thigh perforator flaps (ALTPF), sized 13.0 cm×6.0 cm-22.0 cm×7.0 cm, were used in 4 patients to reconstruct the forearm defects. A free superficial circumflex iliac artery perforator flap was used in 1 patient with the flap sized at 12.0 cm×5.5 cm. All donor sites were directly sutured. Scheduled postoperative follow up was carried out to evaluate the blood supply to the flaps, texture, appearance, fracture healing and the function of the affected limb, as well as the flap sensation according to the criteria for sensory function of British Medical Research Council (BMRC).Results:All 5 patients had received 4 to 16 (mean 8.8) months of follow-up. All flaps survived completely without necrosis or infection. All flaps were good in colour and texture. The blood supply to hands was good, without a symptoms of coldness and fear of cold of hand. At the final follow-up review, sensation of flaps was assessed according to the criteria for sensory function of BMRC and the sensation of the flaps had recovered to S 2~S 3+. The appearance of flaps was good. Conclusion:Free flap with the anterior interosseous artery and accompanying veins as the recipient vessels in the treatment of forearm defects can achieve satisfactory clinical effect, however, further clinical studies are required.

Synthetic Biology is one of the most promising fields of modern Biology and a frontier interdisciplinary subject in the 21st century. With the rapid development of synthetic biology, the International Genetically Engineered Machine (iGEM) competition has emerged. The iGEM competition, based on the subject foundation of Synthetic Biology, intends to solve the biological problems in our daily life by applying modern biological technology. In recent years, with the continuous increase of participating teams, the iGEM competition has received extensive attention and achieved great progress. On the basis of the development of Synthetic Biology, we analyzed the 2018-2020 award-winning projects of the iGEM competition and illustrated the role and significance of the iGEM competition in cultivating college students' innovative thinking and ability with the participation experience of the iGEM team of Southwest Jiaotong University as an example.
Genetic Engineering ; Humans ; Students ; Synthetic Biology ; Universities

Objective:To investigate the relationship and diagnostic value of serum hepatitis B virus(HBV) RNA on liver significant inflammation in chronic hepatitis B (CHB)patients with normal or mildly elevated alanine transaminase (ALT) levels.Methods:A total of 211 treatment-naive CHB patients with ALT

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the changes of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) in young depressed patients with suicide attempts after cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) combined with fluoxetine by using the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).Method:From March 2017 to December 2019, 45 young depressed patients with suicide attempts were recruited from the Second People′s Hospital of Guizhou Province. The patients were randomly allocated into CBT combined with antidepressant treatment (combination group) and antidepressant treatment alone (antidepressant group). Individuals in combination group were treated with 8-time CBT combined with fluoxetine, patients in antidepressant group were treated with fluoxetine alone. Healthy volunteers matched with the age, gender and education level of the patients were recruited as the control group. The rs-fMRI data were collected before and after the treatment.The clinical symptoms and the suicidal ideation were evaluated by HAMD 24 scale and the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI). The brain function in response to the treatment was analyzed by fALFF, change after the treatment. And the correlation analysis was explored between the brain function and the clinical symptoms. Result:At the baseline, compared with the control group, the fALFF values of combination group were significantly increased in the left posterior lobe ( t=4.312), right anterior cingulate cortex ( t=4.079), left inferior parietal lobe ( t=3.983), left superior temporal cortex ( t=3.983), left caudate nucleus ( t=4.109), left superior frontal cortex ( t=5.191) and left middle frontal cortex ( t=5.191), while significantly decreased in left angular gyrus ( t=-4.607). After 8 weeks of treatment, the depressive symptoms and the suicidal ideation in combination group were significantly improved compared to those in antidepressant group. Compared to antidepressant group, higher fALFF values were found in combination group in right middle frontal cortex ( t=3.456), right inferior frontal cortex ( t=3.456), left posterior cerebellar lobe ( t=5.120), and left anterior cerebellar lobe ( t=5.120); lower values were found in left medial frontal cortex ( t=-4.045), and left anterior cingulate cortex ( t=-4.045; P<0.05, AlphaSim correction). In combination group, the value of fALFF in left superior frontal cortex was negatively correlated with the score of HAMD 24( r=-0.600, P=0.002), and that of right anterior cingulate cortex was positively correlated with SSI score ( r=0.428, P=0.037); after treatment, the value of fALFF in right medial prefrontal lobe was positively correlated with the SSI improvement (ΔSSI) ( r=0.518, P=0.010). Conclusion:After 8 weeks of CBT combined with fluoxetine treatment, depressive symptoms may get more improved with less suicidal ideation than the fluoxetine treatment alone in young depressed patients who have suicide attempts before, and the local spontaneous brain activities change accordingly, especially in the frontal limbic system and cerebellum. It may suggest that CBT combined with fluoxetine may effectively regulate the spontaneous activities of these brain regions and possibly reshape the emotional processing as well as the cognitive circuit which contribute the symptoms improvement.

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the changes of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) in young depressed patients with suicide attempts after cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) combined with fluoxetine by using the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).Method:From March 2017 to December 2019, 45 young depressed patients with suicide attempts were recruited from the Second People′s Hospital of Guizhou Province. The patients were randomly allocated into CBT combined with antidepressant treatment (combination group) and antidepressant treatment alone (antidepressant group). Individuals in combination group were treated with 8-time CBT combined with fluoxetine, patients in antidepressant group were treated with fluoxetine alone. Healthy volunteers matched with the age, gender and education level of the patients were recruited as the control group. The rs-fMRI data were collected before and after the treatment.The clinical symptoms and the suicidal ideation were evaluated by HAMD 24 scale and the Scale for Suicidal Ideation (SSI). The brain function in response to the treatment was analyzed by fALFF, change after the treatment. And the correlation analysis was explored between the brain function and the clinical symptoms. Result:At the baseline, compared with the control group, the fALFF values of combination group were significantly increased in the left posterior lobe ( t=4.312), right anterior cingulate cortex ( t=4.079), left inferior parietal lobe ( t=3.983), left superior temporal cortex ( t=3.983), left caudate nucleus ( t=4.109), left superior frontal cortex ( t=5.191) and left middle frontal cortex ( t=5.191), while significantly decreased in left angular gyrus ( t=-4.607). After 8 weeks of treatment, the depressive symptoms and the suicidal ideation in combination group were significantly improved compared to those in antidepressant group. Compared to antidepressant group, higher fALFF values were found in combination group in right middle frontal cortex ( t=3.456), right inferior frontal cortex ( t=3.456), left posterior cerebellar lobe ( t=5.120), and left anterior cerebellar lobe ( t=5.120); lower values were found in left medial frontal cortex ( t=-4.045), and left anterior cingulate cortex ( t=-4.045; P<0.05, AlphaSim correction). In combination group, the value of fALFF in left superior frontal cortex was negatively correlated with the score of HAMD 24( r=-0.600, P=0.002), and that of right anterior cingulate cortex was positively correlated with SSI score ( r=0.428, P=0.037); after treatment, the value of fALFF in right medial prefrontal lobe was positively correlated with the SSI improvement (ΔSSI) ( r=0.518, P=0.010). Conclusion:After 8 weeks of CBT combined with fluoxetine treatment, depressive symptoms may get more improved with less suicidal ideation than the fluoxetine treatment alone in young depressed patients who have suicide attempts before, and the local spontaneous brain activities change accordingly, especially in the frontal limbic system and cerebellum. It may suggest that CBT combined with fluoxetine may effectively regulate the spontaneous activities of these brain regions and possibly reshape the emotional processing as well as the cognitive circuit which contribute the symptoms improvement.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and correlates of depression in residents aged 15 and older in Hainan province.Methods Stratified multistage random sampling methods were utilized to identify 12 117 individuals (≥15 years old) from 59 villages (neighborhoods) in 24 towns (streets) within 6 counties (cities) in Hainan Province from September 2010 to November 2011.The subjects were screened with an expanded version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the respondents were divided into three groups by high risk,moderate risk and low risk of mental disorder,followed by formal diagnosis according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-I/P) by psychiatrists among 100％ subjects in group with high risk,40％ subjects in group with moderate risk and 10％ subjects in group with low risk.The adjusted rate,standardized rate,and 95％ confidence interval (95％CI) of the one-month and lifetime prevalence were also calculated among the 3 groups of individuals who were diagnosed with depressive disorder.The difference in whether they suffered depression was determined by the chi-squared test.Correlations to depressive disorder and the odds ratio (OR) were explored with multiple regression analysis.Results There were 97 cases of depressive disorders (1-month) and 166 cases of lifetime depressive disorders finally confirmed.The adjusted rate of 1-month prevalence was 1.38％ (95％CI:1.12-1.59) and the life-time adjusted prevalence rate was 2.80％ (95％CI:2.51-3.09).Female (OR=1.55,95％CI:1.12-2.14),mid-age(50-64 y,OR=1.84,95％CI:1.13-2.99),being divorced or living separated (OR=4.87,95％CI:1.86-12.73),suffering chronic diseases (OR=2.19,95％CI:1.56-3.07),and low family income were significantly associated with suffering depressive disorder.Conclusions The prevalence of the depressive disorder among residents aged 15 and older in Hainan province is lower than the nationwide prevalence.People who are female,mid-age,being divorced or not living with the partner,earning a low income,and suffering chronic diseases have more predisposition to develop the depressive disorder in Hainan province.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and correlates of depression in residents aged 15 and older in Hainan province.Methods Stratified multistage random sampling methods were utilized to identify 12 117 individuals (≥15 years old) from 59 villages (neighborhoods) in 24 towns (streets) within 6 counties (cities) in Hainan Province from September 2010 to November 2011.The subjects were screened with an expanded version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and the respondents were divided into three groups by high risk,moderate risk and low risk of mental disorder,followed by formal diagnosis according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID-I/P) by psychiatrists among 100％ subjects in group with high risk,40％ subjects in group with moderate risk and 10％ subjects in group with low risk.The adjusted rate,standardized rate,and 95％ confidence interval (95％CI) of the one-month and lifetime prevalence were also calculated among the 3 groups of individuals who were diagnosed with depressive disorder.The difference in whether they suffered depression was determined by the chi-squared test.Correlations to depressive disorder and the odds ratio (OR) were explored with multiple regression analysis.Results There were 97 cases of depressive disorders (1-month) and 166 cases of lifetime depressive disorders finally confirmed.The adjusted rate of 1-month prevalence was 1.38％ (95％CI:1.12-1.59) and the life-time adjusted prevalence rate was 2.80％ (95％CI:2.51-3.09).Female (OR=1.55,95％CI:1.12-2.14),mid-age(50-64 y,OR=1.84,95％CI:1.13-2.99),being divorced or living separated (OR=4.87,95％CI:1.86-12.73),suffering chronic diseases (OR=2.19,95％CI:1.56-3.07),and low family income were significantly associated with suffering depressive disorder.Conclusions The prevalence of the depressive disorder among residents aged 15 and older in Hainan province is lower than the nationwide prevalence.People who are female,mid-age,being divorced or not living with the partner,earning a low income,and suffering chronic diseases have more predisposition to develop the depressive disorder in Hainan province.

Ion trap performances are investigated based on digital ion trap technique with different collision gases at different pressures. Collision gases of helium (4 amu), nitrogen (28 amu) and argon (40 amu) with various pressures are adopted in ion excitation and dissociation stages to investigate the ion trap performances, including mass resolution, signal intensity, tandem mass spectrometric analysis ability and low-mass cut off (LMCO) effect. It is found that when heavy gas of argon is used, energy can be efficiently transferred and LMCO effect is decreased with higher ion capture and dissociation efficiencies but with low mass resolution. Higher mass resolution is realized with helium as collision gas. Furthermore, at the same gas pressure, heavy gas is beneficial to abundant fragment ions and structural information of precursor ion.