Emerging evidences have indicated the role of ferroptosis in the progression of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD); thus, inhibiting ferroptosis is a promising strategy for the development of MAFLD therapeutics. Recent studies have demonstrated the antioxidative effect of the gut commensal bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muc); however, whether it can alleviate ferroptosis remains unclear. The current study indicates A. muc intervention efficiently reversed high-fat high-fructose diet (HFHFD)-induced lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in the liver. These beneficial effects were mediated by activation of the hepatic AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α axis, as evidenced by the finding that AMPK deficiency abrogated the amelioration of lipid peroxidation in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were enriched upon A. muc treatment, and acetate was identified as a key activator of hepatic AMPK signalling. Mechanistically, microbiota-derived acetate was transported to the liver and metabolized to adenosine monophosphate (AMP), which triggered AMPK activation. Furthermore, a colonization assay in germ-free mice confirmed that A. muc mediated antiferroptotic effects in the absence of other microbes. These data indicated that A. muc exerts antiferroptotic effects against MAFLD, at least partially by producing acetate, which activates the hepatic AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α axis to alleviate ferroptosis via the inhibition of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) synthesis.

Human Respiratory Stem Cells (RSCs) play a crucial role in the maintenance, repair and regeneration of the respiratory system. As a novel therapeutic method, stem cell therapy is a popular research direction in the medical field. And with the in-depth research on the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory infections in recent years, the use of RSCs to explore pneumonia caused by respiratory infections and its therapeutic strategies has become a hot topic. In this paper, we firstly outlined the types of RSCs, summarized the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections, discussed the advantages of RSCs application and the progress of culture differentiation, and elaborated the therapeutic exploration of RSCs in pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections.

Human Respiratory Stem Cells (RSCs) play a crucial role in the maintenance, repair and regeneration of the respiratory system. As a novel therapeutic method, stem cell therapy is a popular research direction in the medical field. And with the in-depth research on the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory infections in recent years, the use of RSCs to explore pneumonia caused by respiratory infections and its therapeutic strategies has become a hot topic. In this paper, we firstly outlined the types of RSCs, summarized the mechanism of pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections, discussed the advantages of RSCs application and the progress of culture differentiation, and elaborated the therapeutic exploration of RSCs in pneumonia caused by respiratory tract infections.

Objective:To explore the relationship between the degree of devascularization and clinical outcomes after interventional embolization and sclerotherapy for peripheral arteriovenous malformations.Method:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 37 patients with peripheral arteriovenous malformations admitted at Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, China-Japan Friendship Hospital from July 2021 to June 2023. All patients received the treatment of "nidus" and/or outflow veins embolization combined with sclerotherapy injection. Two experienced physicians evaluated the degree of devascularization before and after treatment, and conducted a correlation study with clinical outcomes after follow-up.Result:All 37 patients were symptomatic. Swelling and pain accounted for 75.7% of all the cases. Twenty-six patients received only one procedure, 3 patients received re-interventional treatments. The average follow-up time was（13.3±5.0）months. Clinical symptoms were completely relieved in 14 patients, and partial relief in 22 patients. The overall effective rate was 97%. There were 6 patients with degree of de vascularization<50% during procedure, 16 patients with degree of 50%-75%, and 5 patients with degree of 75%-90%, 10 cases with degree over 90%. Patients with devascularization degrees less than 60% can not achieve clinical symptom relief.Conclusions:There is a positive correlation between the degree of devascularization and clinical outcomes in the interventional embolization and sclerotherapy of peripheral arteriovenous malformations, and 60% of the degree of devascularization can serve as the "threshold" for effectiveness of treatment.

Objective:To investigate the role of subventricular zone (SVZ) irradiation in the prognosis of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), and to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with GBM.Methods:Clinical data of 52 patients with GBM treated in the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from 2017 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the median dose of ipsilateral or contralateral SVZ, the patients were divided into the high-dose group and low-dose group. The prognostic differences between two groups were compared and the prognostic factors were analyzed.Results:The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 17.1 months (95% CI:12.4-30.7)and the median overall survival (OS) was 38.3 months (95% CI:20.4-44.5). Univariate analysis showed that whether the tumor invading SVZ ( P = 0.039), the degree of resection ( P = 0.009) and MGMT promoter methylation status ( P = 0.039) were the influencing factors of PFS. Age ( P = 0.018), Kanofsky performance score ( P = 0.043), whether the tumor invading SVZ ( P = 0.038), degree of resection ( P = 0.020) and MGMT promoter methylation status ( P = 0.019) were the influencing factors of OS. The analysis of SVZ dose as a continuous variable showed that SVZ dose was the influencing factor of PFS ( P < 0.05) rather than OS ( P ≥ 0.05). Whether the tumor invading SVZ or not, there was no significant difference in survival between the high-dose and low-dose groups. Multivariate analysis showed that whether the tumor invading SVZ and MGMT promoter methylation were the independent prognostic factor for PFS (both P < 0.05), and OS (both P < 0.05). The SVZ dose related variables were not statistically significant in multivariate analysis. Conclusions:Patients with tumors directly invading SVZ achieve worse survival. Increasing the ipsilateral or contralateral SVZ dose does not improve patient survival. Whether SVZ irradiation affects the survival of patients still needs to be further confirmed by prospective randomized clinical studies.

Objective:To compare the short-term outcomes of patients undergoing laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) and those with open pancreaticoduodenectomy (open pancreatiloduodenectomy, OPD).Methods:The clinical data of 85 patients with LPD and 103 patients with OPD at our hospital from Jun 2017 to Jun 2019 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:There was no significant difference in clinical data and between the two groups ( P>0.05). Compared with OPD group, the operation time in LPD group was longer [(407.6±117.4) min vs. (220.8±23.9) min]( P<0.05), but the intraoperative blood loss was less [(285.1±21.9) ml vs. (550.5±65.5) ml]( P<0.05). There was more lymph node dissection (13.5±1.4 vs. 8.8±0.6) ( P<0.05), earlier feeding per month ( P<0.05), shorter time for the use of analgesia and hospital stay ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications such as pancreatic fistula, biliary fistula, gastroparesis and intra abdominal bleeding ( P>0.05). Conclusions:LPD is as safe and reliable as OPD, LPD has the advantages of more precise display during operation, while less traumatic and quicker recovery after operation.

Objective: To study the use of different techniques of pancreaticojejunostomy in laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) for patients with slim pancreatic ducts. Methods: The clinical data of 45 patients with slim pancreatic ducts (<3 mm) who underwent LPD in People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2017 to March 2019 were studied. These patients were divided into 2 groups: Chen's suturing technique (group A, n=31), and the imbedding pancreaticojejunostomy (group B, n=14). The postoperative pancreatic fistula (PF) rates, complication rate, pancreaticojejunostomy time, and length of postoperative hospital stay were compared between the 2 groups. Results: There was no significant difference in the general data between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula in group A (4 cases) was significantly lower than that in group B (6 cases) (12.9% vs. 42.9%, P<0.05). The operation time of pancreaticojejunostomy in group A was significantly shorter than that in group B [(26.5±0.8) min vs. (28.0±2.4) min, P<0.05]. There was no significant difference in the length of postoperative hospital stay between the 2 groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Chen's suturing technique was a safe and effective pancreaticojejunostomy technique in LPD carried out in patients with slim pancreatic duct patients.

Mini health technology assessment (Mini-HTA) was developed from traditional HTA,based on the hospital needs.It is a very important decision making method and reference tool for the hospital policy makers.Currently there is no report of using Mini-HTA ease on introducing new equipment in China.Present paper introduces the Mini-HTA to provide reference for others hospitals in China.