BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） has become a public health concern of wide interest. Adolescents with depressive disorder are at high risk of NSSI behaviors. Previous studies have mostly focused on analyzing factors associated with NSSI behaviors， while research on developing visual models that are intuitive， quantifiable， and suitable for rapid clinical assessment is relatively limited. ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors for NSSI behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder， and to construct a nomogram prediction model for the risk of NSSI behaviors occurrence， so as to provide a quantitative tool for clinical rapid assessment of the occurrence risk of NSSI behaviors in this population. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 448 adolescent patients diagnosed with depressive disorder who attended the Mental Health Department of The Second Hospital， Lanzhou University from February to December 2025 and met the diagnostic criteria for depressive disorder as specified in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5） were enrolled. All participants were randomly divided into the modeling group （n=313） and the validation group （n=135） at a ratio of 7∶3. Assessments were performed using the Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）， the Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）， the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 （BIS-11）， the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-short form （CTQ-SF）， and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）. Binary Logistic regression analysis was applied to screen independent predictors of NSSI behaviors in the modeling group， and a nomogram was constructed accordingly. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve， calibration curve， and decision curve analysis （DCA） were used to evaluate the discrimination， calibration and clinical utility of the model， respectively. ResultsBinary Logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age， female sex， higher SDS score， higher BIS-11 score， higher CTQ-SF score， and higher PSQI score were risk factors for NSSI behaviors in adolescent patients with depressive disorder （OR=0.816， 2.671， 1.131， 1.030， 1.064， 1.102， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test of the nomogram prediction model constructed based on these six indicators showed a good fit （χ²=15.144， P=0.056）. Model validation showed that the AUC was 0.895 for the modeling group and 0.891 for the validation group. The calibration curves suggested that the mean absolute errors between the actual values and the predicted values were 0.043 and 0.023， respectively. Decision curve analysis indicated that the model provided a clear net clinical benefit when the risk threshold was greater than 0.11. ConclusionThe nomogram model based on six indicators （age， sex， depressive symptom severity， impulsivity， childhood trauma， and sleep quality） for predicting NSSI risk in adolescent patients with depressive disorder exhibits good discrimination， calibration， and clinical application value. ［Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China （number， 82560281）； Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program （number， 25JRRA618）； Gansu Provincial Health Industry Research Project （number， GSWSKY2025-13）； The College Students' Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of the Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University （number， 20250050060）］

Objective:To explore the relationship between the expression levels of succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1) and Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1) in colorectal cancer tissues of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) and their clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis.Methods:One hundred and five CRLM patients who underwent surgical treatment in Suzhou Kowloon Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2016 to May 2020 were taken as the study subjects. The high expression rates of SUCNR1 and YBX1 in cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were compared. Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients with high and low SUCNR1 and YBX1 expression were compared. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression models were applied to analyze prognostic influencing factors.Results:SUCNR1 staining was mainly located on the cell membrane in colorectal cancer tissues, and positive staining showed yellow or brownish yellow; YBX1 was mainly located in the cytoplasm of colorectal cancer tissues, and positive staining showed yellow or brownish yellow. The high expression rate of SUCNR1 in cancer tissues (74.29%, 78/105) of CRLM patients was obviously higher than that in adjacent tissues (27.62%, 29/105), and the high expression rate of YBX1 in cancer tissues (84.76%, 89/105) was obviously higher than that in adjacent tissues (32.38%, 34/105), with statistically significant differences ( χ2=45.75, P<0.001; χ2=59.36, P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in histological grade ( χ2=7.43, P=0.006) and the time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis ( χ2=9.19, P=0.002) between patients with high and low expression of SUCNR1; there was a statistically significant difference in time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis ( χ2=13.08, P<0.001) between patients with high and low expression of YBX1. The 3-year overall survival (OS) rates of patients with high and low expression of SUCNR1 were 52.56% and 77.78%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=6.10, P=0.014) ; the 3-year OS rates of patients with high and low expression of YBX1 were 53.93% and 87.50%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=6.02, P=0.014). Univariate analysis showed that, histological grade ( HR=4.69, 95% CI: 1.14-19.36, P=0.033), time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis ( HR=4.05, 95% CI: 1.02-16.62, P=0.048), cancer tissues SUCNR1 ( HR=5.12, 95% CI: 1.17-22.34, P=0.030), and YBX1 expression ( HR=6.29, 95% CI: 1.55-25.47, P=0.010) were all influencing factors for OS in CRLM patients. Multivariate analysis showed that, histological grade ( HR=4.16, 95% CI: 1.12-15.54, P=0.034), time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis ( HR=5.59, 95% CI: 1.25-24.99, P=0.024), expression of SUCNR1 in cancer tissues ( HR=3.68, 95% CI: 1.28-10.54, P=0.015), and expression of YBX1 in cancer tissues ( HR=3.42, 95% CI: 1.56-7.52, P=0.002) were all independent influencing factors for OS in CRLM patients. Conclusions:The high expression rates of SUCNR1 and YBX1 in cancer tissues of CRLM patients are higher than those in adjacent tissues. Patients with high and low SUCNR1 expression have differences in tumor histological grade, time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis, patients with high and low YBX1 expression has a difference in time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis. The 3-year OS rates of patients with low expression of SUCNR1 and YBX1 are higher than those of patients with high expression. The histological grade, the time from colorectal cancer diagnosis to liver metastasis, and the expression of SUCNR1 and YBX1 in cancer tissues are all independent influencing factors for OS in CRLM patients.

Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder,one of the core symptoms of which is anhedonia,characterized by a reduced ability to respond to pleasurable stimuli.Brain images of patients with major depressive disorders with anhedonia show the following features:reduced volume or cortical thickness in brain regions such as the striatum and temporal lobe,changes in the microstructure of white matter tracts,abnormal neuronal activity in the frontal lobe,temporal lobe,and limbic system,and altered connectivity in the default mode network,reward network,and fronto-parietal network.Additionally,factors such as stress,gene expression,the glutamate system,and biological rhythms may also influence anhedonia.The neurobiological mechanisms of anhedonia are intricate,and are crucial for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of depressive disorders.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of long non-codingRNA HCG11 (lncRNA HCG11) mRNA and microRNA (miR)-4465 in patients with triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC). Methods The clinicopathological data of 110 TNBC patients hospitalized in Jiulong Hospital of Suzhou from June 2017 to June 2020 were collected,and the clinical significance of the expression of lncRNA HCG11mRNA and miR-4465 was analyzed. Results The expression of lncRNA HCG11 mRNA (1.81±0.53) in cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues (0.87±0.13),while the expression of miR-4465 (0.68±0.14) was lower than that in adjacent tissues (1.09±0.18),and the differences were statistically significant(t=18.066,18.857,all P<0.05). The results of Pearson analysis showed that lncRNA HCG11mRNA was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-4465 (r=-0.443,P<0.001). The proportion of patients with high expression of lncRNA HCG11mRNA and low expression of miR-4465 in cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis in TNM stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ was higher than that in TNM stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ,and the proportion of patients without lymph node metastasis was higher (x2=6.614,18.510;8.093,22.976,all P<0.05) The 3-year survival rate of lncRNA HCG11mRNA patients with high expression was lower than that of lncRNA HCG11mRNA patients with low expression,and the 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of miR-4465 was higher than that of patients with low expression of miR-4465 (Log-rank x2=14.45,13.39,all P<0.05). The proportion of patients with clinical stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ in death group was higher than that in survival group (x2=12.667,18.026,all P<0.05). LncRNA HCG11mRNA(HR=2.623,95％CI:1.344～5.118) was risk factors for 3-year death in TNBC patients,while miR-4465(HR=0.891,95％CI:0.821～0.967) was a protective factor (P<0.05). Conclusion The high expression of lncRNA HCG11 mRNA and the low expression of miR-4465 in triple negatire breast cancer were related to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients,and are expected to become prognostic marker for TNBC.

[Objective]To investigate the non-suicidal self-injury(NSSI)behaviors in adolescents with depressive disorder,analyze related influencing factors,and provide theoretical basis and reference for the prevention and treatment of NSSI.[Methods]According to DSM-5 criteria,95 depressive adolescents were divided into two groups:one with NSSI(NSSI group)and one without NSSI(nNSSI group).All patients were assessed with Adolescent Non-suicidal Self-injury Assessment Questionnaire(ANSAQ),Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),Experiences in Close Relationships-Relationship Structures Scale(ECR-RS),and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form(CTQ-SF).The inter-group differences were compared.The influencing factors of NSSI were analyzed by using binary logistic regression.[Results]Of the 95 depressive adolescents,59 cases of NSSI were identified,with a detection rate of 62.11%.NSSI group had higher scores than nNSSI group on SDS,SAS,negative coping style,paternal attachment anxiety,maternal attachment anxiety and avoidance,CTQ-SF total score,emotional neglect,physical neglect,emotional abuse,and sexual abuse(all P<0.05).Binary logistic regression analysis showed that anxiety,negative coping style,maternal attachment avoidance and emotional abuse increased the risk of NSSI among adolescents with depressive disorders(all P<0.05).[Conclusions]Adolescents with depression have a high incidence of NSSI behaviors,which is related to anxiety,negative coping style,maternal attachment avoidance and emotional abuse.In addition to improving patients' depression and anxiety in clinical setting,attention should also be paid to patients' coping styles,parent-child relationship and childhood trauma to reduce the occurrence of NSSI behaviors.

Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder,one of the core symptoms of which is anhedonia,characterized by a reduced ability to respond to pleasurable stimuli.Brain images of patients with major depressive disorders with anhedonia show the following features:reduced volume or cortical thickness in brain regions such as the striatum and temporal lobe,changes in the microstructure of white matter tracts,abnormal neuronal activity in the frontal lobe,temporal lobe,and limbic system,and altered connectivity in the default mode network,reward network,and fronto-parietal network.Additionally,factors such as stress,gene expression,the glutamate system,and biological rhythms may also influence anhedonia.The neurobiological mechanisms of anhedonia are intricate,and are crucial for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of depressive disorders.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of long non-codingRNA HCG11 (lncRNA HCG11) mRNA and microRNA (miR)-4465 in patients with triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC). Methods The clinicopathological data of 110 TNBC patients hospitalized in Jiulong Hospital of Suzhou from June 2017 to June 2020 were collected,and the clinical significance of the expression of lncRNA HCG11mRNA and miR-4465 was analyzed. Results The expression of lncRNA HCG11 mRNA (1.81±0.53) in cancer tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues (0.87±0.13),while the expression of miR-4465 (0.68±0.14) was lower than that in adjacent tissues (1.09±0.18),and the differences were statistically significant(t=18.066,18.857,all P<0.05). The results of Pearson analysis showed that lncRNA HCG11mRNA was negatively correlated with the expression of miR-4465 (r=-0.443,P<0.001). The proportion of patients with high expression of lncRNA HCG11mRNA and low expression of miR-4465 in cancer tissues with lymph node metastasis in TNM stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ was higher than that in TNM stage Ⅰ+Ⅱ,and the proportion of patients without lymph node metastasis was higher (x2=6.614,18.510;8.093,22.976,all P<0.05) The 3-year survival rate of lncRNA HCG11mRNA patients with high expression was lower than that of lncRNA HCG11mRNA patients with low expression,and the 3-year survival rate of patients with high expression of miR-4465 was higher than that of patients with low expression of miR-4465 (Log-rank x2=14.45,13.39,all P<0.05). The proportion of patients with clinical stage Ⅲ+Ⅳ in death group was higher than that in survival group (x2=12.667,18.026,all P<0.05). LncRNA HCG11mRNA(HR=2.623,95％CI:1.344～5.118) was risk factors for 3-year death in TNBC patients,while miR-4465(HR=0.891,95％CI:0.821～0.967) was a protective factor (P<0.05). Conclusion The high expression of lncRNA HCG11 mRNA and the low expression of miR-4465 in triple negatire breast cancer were related to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients,and are expected to become prognostic marker for TNBC.

Cognitive dysfunction is the impairment of higher brain functions.Cognitive impairment caused by neuropsychiatric diseases has caused serious impact on patients'quality of life and the outcome of the disease.The transcranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)improves cognitive function by modulating neural oscillations of specific frequencies,affecting the release of neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine,and enhancing local and distal synchronization of brain networks.Specific frequencies of tACS can improve the cognitive impairment caused by Alzheimer disease(AD),schizophrenia,and depression,among which the gamma and theta frequencies of tACS have the most significant effects on cognitive function.tACS has high safety and low operational difficulty,and has great potential to improve cognitive function.

Depression is a common mental disorder characterized primarily by low mood accompanied by cognitive and behavioral changes. The commonly used antidepressants are not fast onset. Even with a long term pharmacotherapy, relapse rate is still quite high. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been increasingly used in the treatment of depression in recent years. Since depression is associated with abnormalities in endogenous neural oscillations and synaptic plasticity in the brain, tACS can influence these process, thereby treating depression. Different frequencies of tACS stimulation can improve depressive symptoms, with gamma (γ) and alpha (α) frequencies receiving the most attention. This article primarily reviews the potential mechanisms of tACS and the application of tACS at different frequencies in treating depression, aiming to further explore the feasibility of tACS in the treatment of depression.

Depression is a common mental disorder characterized primarily by low mood accompanied by cognitive and behavioral changes. The commonly used antidepressants are not fast onset. Even with a long term pharmacotherapy, relapse rate is still quite high. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that has been increasingly used in the treatment of depression in recent years. Since depression is associated with abnormalities in endogenous neural oscillations and synaptic plasticity in the brain, tACS can influence these process, thereby treating depression. Different frequencies of tACS stimulation can improve depressive symptoms, with gamma (γ) and alpha (α) frequencies receiving the most attention. This article primarily reviews the potential mechanisms of tACS and the application of tACS at different frequencies in treating depression, aiming to further explore the feasibility of tACS in the treatment of depression.