Objective: To analyze characteristics of hepatitis B infection in HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ blood donors in Taiyuan, so as to provide evidence for adjusting blood screening strategies. Methods: Blood samples of HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ donors were tested using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), chemiluminescence assay, nucleic acid qualitative test, and nucleic acid quantitative test. Data on HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ donors in Taiyuan region from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2024 were statistically analyzed to evaluate the detection rate, demographic characteristics, influencing factors of detection rate, nucleic acid quantitative results, and serological patterns of HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ donors. Results: From January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2024, 991 565 donor samples underwent nucleic acid testing in Taiyuan. A total of 309 HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ samples were detected, resulting in an HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ detection rate of 3.12 per 10 000. The detection rate varied significantly across different years (P<0.05). Males had a significantly higher HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ detection rate than females, first-time donors had a higher rate than repeat donors, and whole blood donors had a higher rate than apheresis donors (P<0.05). The detection rate also differed significantly among age groups (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, age, donation frequency, and donation type were all influencing factors for HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ detection (all P<0.05). The predominant serological patterns among HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ donors were HBsAb+/HBcAb+ (43.69%, 135/309) or HBcAb+ alone (24.27%, 75/309). Viral load was detectable in 53.40% (165/309) of the HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ donors. Among these, 61.21% (101/165) donors had a viral load<20 IU/mL, and 94.55% (156/165) had a viral load<200 IU/mL. Donors with viral load<200 IU/mL primarily exhibited HBsAb+/HBcAb+ (41.67%, 65/156) or HBcAb+alone (36.54%, 57/156) serological patterns. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ is low among blood donors in Taiyuan. Higher detection rates were observed in the 46-55 years age group, males, first-time donors, and whole blood donors. HBsAg-/HBV DNA+ donors exhibit specific serological patterns and generally have low viral loads, indicating a potential residual transfusion risk. It is recommended to add HBcAb testing, together with high-sensitivity nucleic acid testing technologies and donor follow-up, to ensure blood safety and guide donor reentry.

BACKGROUND:In the field of tissue engineering,decellularized scaffolds are widely used owing to their biocompatibility.Nonetheless,these scaffolds frequently encounter the limitation of inadequate cell infiltration due to their densely structured composition.Using laser micro-patterning technology for structural modification can improve cell adhesion and proliferation.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds in tissue regeneration.METHODS:Related literature was searched in PubMed and CNKI databases.The Chinese and English search terms were"decellularized scaffold,laser micro-patterning technology,laser microporous decellularized scaffold,extracellular matrix,laser drilling,tissue regeneration."References were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and 65 articles were finally included for analysis and discussion.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Laser micro-patterning technology can selectively remove tissues to achieve scaffold modification.Laser treatment can have controllable effects on the pore structure,mechanical properties and cell permeability of the scaffold.(2)To obtain the optimal cell integration and remodeling effect,factors such as scaffold pretreatment,laser and decellularization process sequence,laser parameter setting,decellularization process and pore structure should be considered.(3)At present,the application of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds has shown that it can promote tissue repair,and it is also necessary to solve the problem of tissue thermal damage.Depending on the absorption of different wavelengths of laser light by the tissue,a reasonable selection of laser type is a feasible solution.(4)Tissue damage repair by laser microporous decellularized scaffold is expected to achieve clinical transformation,and optimizing laser technology and carrying out larger scale biosafety testing are future research directions.

BACKGROUND:In the field of tissue engineering,decellularized scaffolds are widely used owing to their biocompatibility.Nonetheless,these scaffolds frequently encounter the limitation of inadequate cell infiltration due to their densely structured composition.Using laser micro-patterning technology for structural modification can improve cell adhesion and proliferation.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds in tissue regeneration.METHODS:Related literature was searched in PubMed and CNKI databases.The Chinese and English search terms were"decellularized scaffold,laser micro-patterning technology,laser microporous decellularized scaffold,extracellular matrix,laser drilling,tissue regeneration."References were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria,and 65 articles were finally included for analysis and discussion.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Laser micro-patterning technology can selectively remove tissues to achieve scaffold modification.Laser treatment can have controllable effects on the pore structure,mechanical properties and cell permeability of the scaffold.(2)To obtain the optimal cell integration and remodeling effect,factors such as scaffold pretreatment,laser and decellularization process sequence,laser parameter setting,decellularization process and pore structure should be considered.(3)At present,the application of laser microporous decellularized scaffolds has shown that it can promote tissue repair,and it is also necessary to solve the problem of tissue thermal damage.Depending on the absorption of different wavelengths of laser light by the tissue,a reasonable selection of laser type is a feasible solution.(4)Tissue damage repair by laser microporous decellularized scaffold is expected to achieve clinical transformation,and optimizing laser technology and carrying out larger scale biosafety testing are future research directions.

ObjectiveTo explore the incidence of major low anterior resection syndrome （LARS） within six months after sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer and to analyze its associated factors. MethodsClinical records， postoperative rehabilitation data and LARS scores were collected from 889 patients at 3 months postoperatively and from 844 patients at 6 months postoperatively. Patients were divided into a major LARS group and a non-major LARS group. Multivariable Logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with major LARS at 3 and 6 months postoperatively， and the predictive value of the models was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test and the receiver operating characteristic （ROC）. ResultsAmong patients undergoing sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer， 247 patients （27.8%） had major LARS at 3 months postoperatively and 181 patients （21.4%） at 6 months postoperatively. Multivariable Logistic regression showed that Kegel exercises， preoperative radiotherapy， anastomotic leakage， a tumor distance from the anal verge of ≤5 cm， and an anastomotic distance from the anal verge of ≤5 cm were independent factors for major LARS at 3 months postoperatively （P<0.05）. At 6 months postoperatively， occasional Kegel exercises during 0~3 months， Kegel exercises during 4~6 months， hydrotherapy during 4~6 months， preoperative chemotherapy， a tumor distance from the anal verge of ≤5 cm， and an anastomotic distance from the anal verge of ≤5 cm were independent factors （P<0.05）. The models at 3 and 6 months postoperatively showed goodness-of-fit test P values of 0.986 and 0.517 and area under the curve （AUCs） of 0.843 and 0.870， indicating good predictive value. ConclusionThe incidence of major LARS within six months after sphincter-preserving surgery for rectal cancer is relatively high， and greater attention should be paid to patients who receive preoperative chemoradiotherapy， develop anastomotic leakage， or have tumor and anastomotic distances from the anal verge of ≤5 cm. Patients should also be advised that early postoperative Kegel exercises and hydrotherapy may reduce the incidence of major LARS.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has made preliminary advances in the management of postoperative follow up for lung cancer; however, a systematic review of its application value across the entire follow-up continuum remains lacking. Taking the four core dimensions of postoperative follow-up management as its framework, including surveillance candidate selection, follow-up interval optimization, follow-up protocol design, and follow-up modality selection, this review examines the progress of AI in patient risk stratification, surveillance frequency optimization, content design, and supportive platform development. The review further delineates the current challenges and future directions for AI in this domain, and ultimately seeks to promote the standardized and scaled application of AI in postoperative follow-up management for lung cancer, with the goal of establishing a "care beyond hospitalization" life-cycle management framework that improves the long-term quality of survival for patients undergoing lung cancer surgery.

Objective: To evaluate the intervention effect of digital health education on dietary self-discipline behaviors among college students, so as to provide evidence based support for scientific dietary behavior interventions in the population. Methods: In September 2025, 262 full time undergraduates from Shanghai University of Engineering Science were selected using a stratified random sampling method. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1∶1 ratio using block randomization into an intervention group ( n =131) and a control group ( n =131). The intervention group received a 16 week digital health education program, including artificial intelligence(AI) generated personalized dietary plans, daily push notifications health knowledge, instant feedback on dietary logging, and online fun challenge activities. The control group received traditional health education courses without any additional intervention measures. Structured questionnaires were administered at baseline and post intervention to assess dietary self discipline behaviors, including the consumption frequencies of sugar sweetened beverages, fried foods, fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and breakfast. Chi square test was used to compare dietary self discipline indicators between the two groups before and after the intervention. Results: Before the intervention, there were no statistically significant differences in the composition of the six dietary self discipline behavior indicators between the two groups ( χ 2=0.47-6.11, all P >0.05). After the intervention, the differences in the composition of the six indicators between the two groups were statistically significant ( χ 2=6.78-15.88,all P < 0.05 ). After intervention, regarding risky dietary behaviors, the proportion of zero sugar sweetened beverage consumption in the intervention group increased from 10.69% to 27.48%, whereas in the control group, it increased from only 4.58% to 9.16%; the proportion of zero fried food consumption in the intervention group increased from 9.92% to 26.72%, whereas in the control group, it increased from only 7.63% to 10.69%. In the intervention group, the intake frequencies of both sugar sweetened beverages and fried foods decreased ( t =3.44，3.58, both P <0.01). Regarding protective dietary behaviors，the proportion of zero fruit intake in the intervention group decreased from 9.92% to 3.82%. The proportion of the intervention group consuming vegetables ≥2 times/day increased from 31.30% to 63.36%. The proportion of the intervention group consuming dairy products ≥1 time/day increased from 34.35% to 58.78%, compared with an increase from 41.22% to 42.75% in the control group. In the intervention group, the proportion of regular breakfast consumption (1 time/day) increased from 43.51% to 73.28%. The intake frequencies of fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and breakfast in the intervention group all increased ( t =-4.76, -5.46, -3.87, -5.10,all P <0.01). Conclusion Digital health education can effectively suppress risky dietary behaviors among college students and promote the formation of protective dietary behaviors.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, associated factors, and vaccine effectiveness of two pertussis cluster outbreaks in two primary schools in Yangzhong City in 2025, so as to provide evidence for school based epidemic prevention and control. Methods: From August 26 to 30, 2025, a pertussis questionnaire was administered to the epidemic affected classes of two primary schools (school A and school B) in Yangzhong City. A descriptive epidemiological retrospective analysis was used to characterize the pertussis cluster outbreaks in Yangzhong City from March to July 2025. A 1∶5 matched case control study (79 cases, 395 controls) was performed. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors, and the clinical symptom incidence rates, types of pertussis containing vaccines, and timeliness of vaccination were compared between groups using Fisher s exact test. Results: From March to July 2025, a total of 79 pertussis cases were reported in the two schools, with attack rates of 1.33% and 1.01%, respectively. Cases were predominantly aged 7-8 years (85.37% in school A, 73.68% in school B), and the main clinical manifestation was productive cough (63.29%). The pneumonia incidence rate among hospitalized cases ( 57.14 %) was higher than that among nonhospitalized cases(4.17%)(Fisher s exact test, P <0.01). The interval from the last dose to onset was concentrated at 6 to <7 years (44 cases). Logistic regression showed that children exposed to secondhand smoke in daily life ( OR = 3.86 ), those whose desk mates or front/back desk mates took leave due to cough ( OR =4.67), and those whose dining table mates or front/back table mates took leave due to cough ( OR =3.67) had significantly higher risks of pertussis (all P <0.05). A high proportion of both the case group and the control group received the acellular DTaP vaccine (97.47% and 96.96%, respectively),while a low proportion received the pentavalent vaccine (1.27% and 3.04%, respectively). Additionally, one case received only three doses of the acellular DTaP vaccine.The difference in vaccine type distribution between the two groups was not statistically significant (Fisher s exact test, P =0.31). Conclusions The outbreaks represent breakthrough infections under high vaccine coverage. Close contact and secondhand smoke exposure are the main risk factors. A booster immunization strategy with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine should be implemented for school aged children.

Background: s/Aims: Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare histological subtype of HCC characterized by extremely poor prognosis; however, its molecular characterization has not been elucidated. Methods: In this study, we conducted an integrated multiomics study of whole-exome sequencing, RNA-seq, spatial transcriptome, and immunohistochemical analyses of 28 paired sarcomatoid tumor components and conventional HCC components from 10 patients with sarcomatoid HCC, in order to identify frequently altered genes, infer the tumor subclonal architectures, track the genomic evolution, and delineate the transcriptional characteristics of sarcomatoid HCCs. Results: Our results showed that the sarcomatoid HCCs had poor prognosis. The sarcomatoid tumor components and the conventional HCC components were derived from common ancestors, mostly accessing similar mutational processes. Clonal phylogenies demonstrated branched tumor evolution during sarcomatoid HCC development and progression. TP53 mutation commonly occurred at tumor initiation, whereas ARID2 mutation often occurred later. Transcriptome analyses revealed the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and hypoxic phenotype in sarcomatoid tumor components, which were confirmed by immunohistochemical staining. Moreover, we identified ARID2 mutations in 70% (7/10) of patients with sarcomatoid HCC but only 1–5% of patients with non-sarcomatoid HCC. Biofunctional investigations revealed that inactivating mutation of ARID2 contributes to HCC growth and metastasis and induces EMT in a hypoxic microenvironment. Conclusions We offer a comprehensive description of the molecular basis for sarcomatoid HCC, and identify genomic alteration (ARID2 mutation) together with the tumor microenvironment (hypoxic microenvironment), that may contribute to the formation of the sarcomatoid tumor component through EMT, leading to sarcomatoid HCC development and progression.

BACKGROUND:Osteoporotic vertebral fractures are the most common complication in patients with osteoporosis.As a new imaging technique,spine magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is much more sensitive than X-ray film in the diagnosis of osteoporotic vertebral fractures.However,total spine MRI is costly and takes a long time to scan.Therefore,there is no consensus on whether all patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures need to undergo total spine MRI scan and which patients need to undergo total spine MRI. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the distribution characteristics of vertebral fractures and explore their clinical significance by observing the whole spine MRI data of osteoporotic vertebral fractures patients. METHODS:Data of cases and MRI images of all patients diagnosed with fresh osteoporotic vertebral fractures who visited the Department of Orthopedics,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from August 2018 to September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.903 patients were included in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.General information(age,gender,and body mass index),medical history characteristics(duration of illness,history of trauma surgery,percussion pain area,and pain score)were collected.The characteristics of vertebral fractures were analyzed through whole spine magnetic resonance imaging.Firstly,based on the number of vertebral fractures in patients,they were divided into the single vertebral fracture group(484 cases)and the multi-vertebral fracture group(419 cases),and the differences were analyzed between the two groups.Then,based on whether the farthest interval between the fractured vertebrae was greater than or equal to 5,the multi vertebral fracture group was further divided into two subgroups.Among them,Group A(the farthest interval between the fractured vertebrae was less than 5)contained 306 cases;Group B(with the farthest interval between fractured vertebral bodies greater than 5)included 113 cases.The differences were analyzed between two subgroups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Among 903 patients,419 patients(46.4%)had more than two fractured vertebrae.There were 654 patients(72.4%)with thoracolumbar fractures,and 54 patients(6%)with fractures in the thoracic plus lumbar region and the entire thoracic to lumbar region.In group B,96.5%of patients had multiregional percussion pain.(2)Compared with the patients in the single vertebral fracture group and the multi-vertebral fracture group,there were significant differences in bone mineral density,whether the medical history was greater than or equal to 1 month,the history of low energy injury,and the distribution and number of axial percussion pain areas in the spine during physical examination between the two groups(P<0.05).Age,gender,body mass index,whether there was underlying disease,pain visual analog scale score,whether there was a history of elderly thoracolumbar fracture,and whether there was a history of thoracolumbar surgery,and the number of fractured vertebrae had no statistical significance(P>0.05).(3)There were statistically significant differences between the Groups A and B in bone mineral density,the distribution and quantity of percussion pain area,and the history of low energy injury(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in age,gender,history of old fractures,visual analog scale score,body mass index,whether the medical history was longer than or equal to 1 month,history of underlying diseases,and history of thoracolumbar surgery between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)Patients with multiple low-energy trauma history,history of more than 1 month,multiple percussion pain,and the lower bone mineral density should be alert to the occurrence of multiple vertebral fracture and jump fracture.We recommend the whole spinal MRI for these patients.

Objective:To explore the feasibility and safety of emergency laparoscopic partial splenectomy in the treatment of traumatic splenic rupture.Methods:The clinical data of 15 patients with traumatic splenic rupture who underwent emergency laparoscopic partial splenectomy in Haining City Central Hospital from January 2018 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, including 12 males and 3 females, aged (46.4±16.3) years. The indicators includingintraoperative splenic artery occlusion time, blood loss, operation time, and postoperative complications were analyzed.Results:The splenic artery occlusion time of 15 patients was (12.5±2.5) min, the partial splenectomy and wound hemostasis time was (55±18) min, the intraoperative blood loss was (1 300±620) ml, the autologous blood transfusion was (920±260) ml, and the operation time was (110±35) min. The peak platelet count was (412±123)×10 9/L. Among the 15 patients, 1 patienthad local splenic infarction pain after operation, and the rest had no signs of splenic infarction and splenic vein thrombosis, no postoperative rebleeding, and no pancreatic fistula. All 15 patients treated by laparoscopic surgery were cured. Conclusion:Laparoscopic partial splenectomy for traumatic splenic rupture is safe and feasible.