ObjectiveTo explore the sequential effects of hypoxic exercising on miR-27/PPARγ and lipid metabolism target gene and protein expression levels in the obesity rats’ liver. Methods13-week-old male diet-induced obesity rats were randomly divided into three groups (n＝10): normal oxygen concentration quiet group (N), hypoxia quiet group (H), hypoxic exercise group (HE). Exercise training on the horizontal animal treadmill for 1 h/d, 5 d/week for a total of 4 week, and the intensity of horizontal treadmill training was 20 m/min (hypoxic concentration was 13.6%). Comparison of the weights of perirenal fat and epididymal fat in rats across different groups and calculation of Lee’s index based on body weight and body length of rats in each group were done. And the serum concentrations of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were detected. RT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the levels of miR-27, PPARγ, CYP7A1 and CD36. ResultsHypoxic exercise decreased the expression levels of miR-27 in the obese rats’ liver, however, the expression level of PPARγ was gradually increased. The expression levels of miR-27 in HE group were significantly lower than N group (P<0.05). The expression levels of PPARγ mRNA in N group were significantly lower than H group (P<0.05), especially lower than HE group (P<0.01). The protein expression of PPARγ protein in N group was significantly lower than that other groups (P<0.01). The expression of lipid metabolism-related genes and proteins increased in the obese rats’ liver. The expression of CYP7A1 mRNA in N group was significantly lower than H group (P<0.05), especially lower than HE group (P<0.01). The expression of CYP7A1 protein in the obese rats’ liver in N group was extremely lower than H group and HE group (P<0.01). The protein expression of CD36 in N group was significantly lower than that in HE group (P<0.05). Hypoxia exercise improved the related physiological and biochemical indexes of lipid metabolism disorder. The perirenal fat weight of obese rats in HE group was extremely lower than N group and H group (P<0.01), and the perirenal fat weight in N group was significantly higher than H group (P<0.05). The epididymal fat weight in N group was significantly higher than H group (P<0.05), and extremely higher than HE group (P<0.01). The Lee’s index in HE group was extremely lower than N group and H group (P<0.01). The serum concentration of TC in obese rats in HE group was extremely lower than N group and H group (P<0.01). The serum concentration of TG in HE group was extremely lower than N group and H group (P<0.01). The serum concentration of LDL-C in N group was extremely higher than HE group (P<0.01). The serum concentration of HDL-C in N group was extremely lower than H group (P<0.01). ConclusionHypoxia and hypoxia exercise may negatively regulate the levels of PPARγ by inhibiting miR-27 in the obese rats’ liver, thereby affecting the expression of downstream target genes CYP7A1 and CD36, and promoting cholesterol, fatty acid oxidation and HDL-C transport in the liver, and ultimately the lipid levels in obese rats were improved. The effect of hypoxia exercise on improving blood lipid is better than simple hypoxia intervention.

Totally 45 in vitro diagnostic(IVD)reagent manufacturing enterprises were investigated in terms of the use and quality control of nitrocellulose(NC)membranes.The influences of the NC membrane performance indexes on IVD reagent quality were analyzed,including the within-run stability,crawling speed,protein absorption and pore size.The defficiencies of the enterprises were pointed out in the acceptance standard of NC membrane,and some suggestions were put forward including enhancing the performance of domestic NC membrane,improving the acceptance standard,optimizing NC membrane supply chain management by the enterprises and strengthening the internal management of the enterprises.References were provided for the development of IVD industries.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(7):75-80]

Objective To analyze the implementation of MPOWER tobacco control policies in different regions and populations in China,as well as the impact of perceptions of tobacco control policies on individual smoking behavior and quit intentions,to promote the fairness of policy implementation and protection for vulnerable groups.Methods A multivariable regression model was constructed utilizing raw data from the China Adult Tobacco Survey to analyze disparities in perceived MPOWER policy implementation among various social demographics and its impact on smoking behavior and quitting intentions.Results Regarding protection from tobacco smoke(P),local economic level,urban-rural divide were significantly correlated with awareness of comprehensive smoking bans.For offering help to quit smoking(O),local tobacco industry revenue and individual age were associated with the doctor's advice for quitting.As to the warning about the harm of tobacco(W),economic level,geography and urban-rural disparity were correlated with the visibility of health warnings.About the tobacco advertising,promotion and sponsorship(E),geography was related to the exposure to tobacco advertisements,local tobacco industry revenue was associated with the tobacco promotion.For tobacco taxes(R),education level and age were significantly correlated with tobacco affordability.People who perceived comprehensive smoking bans(OR=0.69,95%CI:0.59-0.81)was associated with less smoking behavior,while people perceiving tobacco promotional activities(OR=2.51,95%CI:2.00-3.17)were more likely to smoke.Additionally,people who perceived comprehensive smoking bans(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.25-2.31)and health warning(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.48-3.01)had higher intention to quit smoking.Conclusion In economically disadvantaged regions and among specific socially vulnerable groups(such as low-income individuals,rural residents,and the elderly)in China,the perception of tobacco control policy implementation is relatively low,the perception of tobacco control policies can influence smoking behavior and quitting intentions.Legislative and enforcement efforts should be increased targeting these groups with lower perceptions of the policies to enhance the fairness of tobacco control measures.

Objective To screen immune-related long non-coding RNAs(LncRNAs)in the TCGA database pancreatic cancer dataset and construct a prognostic risk assessment model with immune-related LncRNAs to explore prognosis-related potential molecular mechanisms.Methods RNA-seq data of 171 pancreatic cancer samples and corresponding clinical information were obtained by The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,and two classical immune-related gene datasets(GO0006955/IMMUNE RESPONSE and GO0002376/IMMUNE SYSTERM PROCESS)and gene annotation information were used to identify immune-related LncRNAs.The immune-related LncRNAs associated with pancreatic cancer prognosis were used for univariate and multivariate Cox analyses to establish a model for the assessment of pancreatic cancer prognostic risk based on immune-associated LncRNAs.This risk model was used for survival analysis,clinical correlation analysis,immune cell infiltration analysis,pathway enrichment analysis,and prognostic column line plot modeling.Results We screened 119 immune-related LncRNAs in pancreatic cancer,and five immune-related LncRNAs(AC064836.3,LINC00941,ZNF236-DT,TMEM161B-AS1 and AC068580.2)were identified for the development of pancreatic cancer prognostic risk assessment model.According to the prognostic risk assessment model,pancreatic cancer patients were divided into low-risk group(n=86)and high-risk group(n=85).Compared with the low-risk group,the high-risk group showed a significant negative enrichment trend for immune-related signaling pathways,the 5-year overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients was significantly increased in the low-risk group compared with the high-risk group.The expression of low-risk immune-related LncRNAs(AC064836.3,ZNF236-DT and TMEM161B-AS1)gradually decreased with increasing clinical stage of pancreatic cancer patients.Patient age(P=0.031,risk ratio and 95％CI:1.025/1.002-1.048)and prognostic risk score(P＜0.001,risk ratio and 95％ confidence interval 1.801/1.465-2.215)could be used as independent prognostic risk factors for overall survival in pancreatic cancer.In addition,the prognostic risk assessment model had better predictive efficiency(area under the curve=0.695)compared with the disease predictive ability of common clinical characteristics.Steroid biosynthesis,pentose phosphate pathway,intercellular linkage,cytoskeletal rearrangement and other pathways related to energy metabolism and invasive migration of pancreatic cancer cells were significantly activated in the high-risk group.Meanwhile,pancreatic cancer patients in the high-risk group had lower levels of naive B cells,plasma cells and neutrophils with anti-tumor activity,but their macrophage infiltration levels were significantly higher than those in the low-risk group.Conclusion The prognostic risk assessment model constructed based on five immune-related LncRNAs can effectively predict the survival status,clinical characteristics,molecular pathways,and immune cell infiltration differences of pancreatic cancer patients.Meanwhile,relying on this model,the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients can be prospectively predicted,which enhances the usefulness of this risk prediction model.

Intelligence encompasses various abilities, including logical reasoning, comprehension, self-awareness, learning, planning, creativity, and problem-solving. Extensive research and practical experience suggest that there are sex differences in intellectual development, with females typically maturing earlier than males. However, the key genes and molecular network mechanisms underlying these sex differences in intellectual development remain unclear. To date, Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have identified 507 genes that are significantly associated with intelligence. This study first analyzed RNA sequencing data from different stages of brain development (from BrainSpan), revealing that during the late embryonic stage, the average expression levels of intelligence-related genes are higher in males than in females, while the opposite is observed during puberty. This study further constructed interaction networks of intelligence-related genes with sex-differential expression in the brain, including the prenatal male network (HELP-M: intelligence genes with higher expression levels in prenatal males) and the pubertal female network (HELP-F: intelligence genes with higher expression levels in pubertal females). The findings indicate that the key genes in both networks are Ep300 and Ctnnb1. Specifically, Ep300 regulates the transcription of 53 genes in both HELP-M and HELP-F, while Ctnnb1 regulates the transcription of 45 genes. Ctnnb1 plays a more prominent role in HELP-M, while Ep300 is more crucial in HELP-F. Finally, this study conducted sequencing validation on rats at different developmental stages, and the results indicated that in the prefrontal cortex of female rats during adolescence, the expression levels of the intelligence genes in HELP-F, as well as key genes Ep300 and Ctnnb1, were higher than those in male rats. These genes were also involved in neurodevelopment-related biological processes. The findings reveal a sex-differentiated intelligence gene network and its key genes, which exhibit varying expression levels during the neurodevelopmental process.
Female ; Intelligence/physiology* ; Male ; Sex Characteristics ; Animals ; Brain/growth & development* ; E1A-Associated p300 Protein/physiology* ; beta Catenin/physiology* ; Transcriptome ; Rats ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genome-Wide Association Study

BACKGROUND: The clinical impact of post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) quantitative flow ratio (QFR) in patients treated with PCI for chronic total occlusion (CTO) was still undetermined. METHODS: All CTO vessels treated with successful anatomical PCI in patients from PANDA III trial were retrospectively measured for post-PCI QFR. The primary outcome was 2-year vessel-oriented composite endpoints (VOCEs, composite of target vessel-related cardiac death, target vessel-related myocardial infarction, and ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization). Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was conducted to identify optimal cutoff value of post-PCI QFR for predicting the 2-year VOCEs, and all vessels were stratified by this optimal cutoff value. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI. RESULTS: Among 428 CTO vessels treated with PCI, 353 vessels (82.5%) were analyzable for post-PCI QFR. 31 VOCEs (8.7%) occurred at 2 years. Mean value of post-PCI QFR was 0.92 ± 0.13. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis shown the optimal cutoff value of post-PCI QFR for predicting 2-year VOCEs was 0.91. The incidence of 2-year VOCEs in the vessel with post-PCI QFR < 0.91 (n = 91) was significantly higher compared with the vessels with post-PCI QFR ≥ 0.91 (n = 262) (22.0% vs. 4.2%, HR = 4.98, 95% CI: 2.32-10.70). CONCLUSIONS Higher post-PCI QFR values were associated with improved prognosis in the PCI practice for coronary CTO. Achieving functionally optimal PCI results (post-PCI QFR value ≥ 0.91) tends to get better prognosis for patients with CTO lesions.

Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T _NANC), time to symptom improvement (T _SI), and time of hospital stay (T _HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T _NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.

Objective To screen immune-related long non-coding RNAs(LncRNAs)in the TCGA database pancreatic cancer dataset and construct a prognostic risk assessment model with immune-related LncRNAs to explore prognosis-related potential molecular mechanisms.Methods RNA-seq data of 171 pancreatic cancer samples and corresponding clinical information were obtained by The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database,and two classical immune-related gene datasets(GO0006955/IMMUNE RESPONSE and GO0002376/IMMUNE SYSTERM PROCESS)and gene annotation information were used to identify immune-related LncRNAs.The immune-related LncRNAs associated with pancreatic cancer prognosis were used for univariate and multivariate Cox analyses to establish a model for the assessment of pancreatic cancer prognostic risk based on immune-associated LncRNAs.This risk model was used for survival analysis,clinical correlation analysis,immune cell infiltration analysis,pathway enrichment analysis,and prognostic column line plot modeling.Results We screened 119 immune-related LncRNAs in pancreatic cancer,and five immune-related LncRNAs(AC064836.3,LINC00941,ZNF236-DT,TMEM161B-AS1 and AC068580.2)were identified for the development of pancreatic cancer prognostic risk assessment model.According to the prognostic risk assessment model,pancreatic cancer patients were divided into low-risk group(n=86)and high-risk group(n=85).Compared with the low-risk group,the high-risk group showed a significant negative enrichment trend for immune-related signaling pathways,the 5-year overall survival of pancreatic cancer patients was significantly increased in the low-risk group compared with the high-risk group.The expression of low-risk immune-related LncRNAs(AC064836.3,ZNF236-DT and TMEM161B-AS1)gradually decreased with increasing clinical stage of pancreatic cancer patients.Patient age(P=0.031,risk ratio and 95％CI:1.025/1.002-1.048)and prognostic risk score(P＜0.001,risk ratio and 95％ confidence interval 1.801/1.465-2.215)could be used as independent prognostic risk factors for overall survival in pancreatic cancer.In addition,the prognostic risk assessment model had better predictive efficiency(area under the curve=0.695)compared with the disease predictive ability of common clinical characteristics.Steroid biosynthesis,pentose phosphate pathway,intercellular linkage,cytoskeletal rearrangement and other pathways related to energy metabolism and invasive migration of pancreatic cancer cells were significantly activated in the high-risk group.Meanwhile,pancreatic cancer patients in the high-risk group had lower levels of naive B cells,plasma cells and neutrophils with anti-tumor activity,but their macrophage infiltration levels were significantly higher than those in the low-risk group.Conclusion The prognostic risk assessment model constructed based on five immune-related LncRNAs can effectively predict the survival status,clinical characteristics,molecular pathways,and immune cell infiltration differences of pancreatic cancer patients.Meanwhile,relying on this model,the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients can be prospectively predicted,which enhances the usefulness of this risk prediction model.

Objective To analyze the implementation of MPOWER tobacco control policies in different regions and populations in China,as well as the impact of perceptions of tobacco control policies on individual smoking behavior and quit intentions,to promote the fairness of policy implementation and protection for vulnerable groups.Methods A multivariable regression model was constructed utilizing raw data from the China Adult Tobacco Survey to analyze disparities in perceived MPOWER policy implementation among various social demographics and its impact on smoking behavior and quitting intentions.Results Regarding protection from tobacco smoke(P),local economic level,urban-rural divide were significantly correlated with awareness of comprehensive smoking bans.For offering help to quit smoking(O),local tobacco industry revenue and individual age were associated with the doctor's advice for quitting.As to the warning about the harm of tobacco(W),economic level,geography and urban-rural disparity were correlated with the visibility of health warnings.About the tobacco advertising,promotion and sponsorship(E),geography was related to the exposure to tobacco advertisements,local tobacco industry revenue was associated with the tobacco promotion.For tobacco taxes(R),education level and age were significantly correlated with tobacco affordability.People who perceived comprehensive smoking bans(OR=0.69,95%CI:0.59-0.81)was associated with less smoking behavior,while people perceiving tobacco promotional activities(OR=2.51,95%CI:2.00-3.17)were more likely to smoke.Additionally,people who perceived comprehensive smoking bans(OR=1.70,95%CI:1.25-2.31)and health warning(OR=2.09,95%CI:1.48-3.01)had higher intention to quit smoking.Conclusion In economically disadvantaged regions and among specific socially vulnerable groups(such as low-income individuals,rural residents,and the elderly)in China,the perception of tobacco control policy implementation is relatively low,the perception of tobacco control policies can influence smoking behavior and quitting intentions.Legislative and enforcement efforts should be increased targeting these groups with lower perceptions of the policies to enhance the fairness of tobacco control measures.

Totally 45 in vitro diagnostic(IVD)reagent manufacturing enterprises were investigated in terms of the use and quality control of nitrocellulose(NC)membranes.The influences of the NC membrane performance indexes on IVD reagent quality were analyzed,including the within-run stability,crawling speed,protein absorption and pore size.The defficiencies of the enterprises were pointed out in the acceptance standard of NC membrane,and some suggestions were put forward including enhancing the performance of domestic NC membrane,improving the acceptance standard,optimizing NC membrane supply chain management by the enterprises and strengthening the internal management of the enterprises.References were provided for the development of IVD industries.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(7):75-80]