OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations between eight serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and regional fat depots, we analyzed the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2018 cycles. METHODS: Multiple linear regression models were developed to explore the associations between serum PFAS concentrations and six fat compositions along with a fat distribution score created by summing the concentrations of the six fat compositions. The associations between structurally grouped PFASs and fat distribution were assessed, and a prediction model was developed to estimate the ability of PFAS exposure to predict obesity risk. RESULTS: Among females aged 39-59 years, trunk fat mass was positively associated with perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Higher concentrations of PFOS, perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorodecanoate (PFDeA), perfluorononanoate (PFNA), and n-perfluorooctanoate (n-PFOA) were linked to greater visceral adipose tissue in this group. In men, exposure to total perfluoroalkane sulfonates (PFSAs) and long-chain PFSAs was associated with reductions in abdominal fat, while higher abdominal fat in women aged 39-59 years was associated with short-chain PFSAs. The prediction model demonstrated high accuracy, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9925 for predicting obesity risk. CONCLUSION PFAS exposure is associated with regional fat distribution, with varying effects based on age, sex, and PFAS structure. The findings highlight the potential role of PFAS exposure in influencing fat depots and obesity risk, with significant implications for public health. The prediction model provides a highly accurate tool for assessing obesity risk related to PFAS exposure.
Humans ; Fluorocarbons/blood* ; Female ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Environmental Pollutants/blood* ; Abdominal Fat ; Nutrition Surveys ; Alkanesulfonic Acids/blood* ; Obesity ; Environmental Exposure

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of non-chemotherapy strategy of retinoic acid (ATRA) combined with arsenic trioxide (ATO) on the survival of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). METHODS: The data of APL patients with complete information diagnosed in the hematology department of our hospital from June 2009 to November 2024 were retrospective analyzed. All patients in the non-CHT group received ATRA-ATO induction, consolidation and maintenance therapy. Patients in the CHT group received ATRA-ATO+chemotherapy induction therapy, followed by 3 cycles of ATRA-ATO+CHT consolidation therapy and 6-10 cycles of ATRA-ATO maintenance therapy. The primary endpoint was event-free survival (EFS). Secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS), remission rate, differentiation syndrome (DS) and safety. RESULTS: There were 182 patients with APL and 15 patients with early death (ED), accounting for 8.24%, which was related to age and risk stratification. There was no significant difference in remission rate between the non-CHT group and the CHT group (P =0.486). As of February 2025, the median follow-up time of patients was 39.5 months. The EFS of the non-CHT group was significantly better than that of the CHT group (P =0.038). There was no significant difference in OS between the two groups (P =0.442). Subgroup analysis showed that EFS in the non-CHT was longer in standard-risk patients (P =0.012). There was no significant difference in EFS (P =0.585) and OS (P =0.473) between the CHT and non-CHT groups in high-risk patients. The incidence of mild DS was 23.6% in the non-CHT group and 23.1% in the CHT group, respectively, with no statistically significant difference(P =0.937). Compared with CHT group, the incidence of serious adverse events was lower in the non-CHT group. CONCLUSION The non-chemotherapy regimen of ATRA combined with ATO is a feasible method to cure APL patients.
Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy* ; Arsenic Trioxide/therapeutic use* ; Tretinoin/administration & dosage* ; Retrospective Studies ; Female ; Treatment Outcome ; Male ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Middle Aged ; Remission Induction

Objective To explore the acupoint selection rules of acupuncture for the treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke based on data mining technology.Methods Through the computer retrieval of CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,PubMed,EMbase,web of science databases and other databases,the literature that meets the inclusion criteria was selected to establish a database.Descriptive analysis,cluster analysis and association rule analysis were performed on the data through Microsoft Excel 2016,IBM SPSS Statistics 21 and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 software.Results(1)A total of 68 acupuncture prescriptions were included,involving 100 acupoints and a total frequency of 536 uses;(2)the top five in terms of frequency of use of acupoints were Yanglingquan(GB34),Zusanli(ST36),Xuanzhong(GB39),Qiuxu(GB40),Sanyinjiao(SP6);(3)the core acupoint pairing was Yanglingquan(GB34)-Xuanzhong(GB39),and five valid clustering clusters were obtained,which were Shenmai(BL62)-Zhaohai(KI6),Weizhong(BL40)-Kunlun(BL60),Xuehai(SP10)-Huantiao(GB30)-Fenglong(ST40)-Zusanli(ST36),Taixi(KI3)-Yinlingquan(SP9)-Sanyinjiao(SP6),Jiexi(ST41)-Taichong(LR3)-Xuanzhong(GB39)-Qiuxu(GB40)-Yanglingquan(GB34).Conclusion Through data mining,it is found that acupuncture treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke is mostly based on Yanglingquan,Zusanli,Xuanzhong,Qiuxu and Xuanzhong.Priority should be given to the application of three yang channels of the foot and five shu acupoint,syndrome differentiation and treatment,and modification should be adjusted according to the syndromes,so as to provide reference for clinical treatment of lower limb spasm after stroke.

Objective: To analyze the relationship between Toll like receptor ( TLR ) 9 and TLR 7 gene polymorphisms among children with hand-foot-mouth disease in a medical institution of Jinan City from 2020 to 2023, so as to provide reference for prevention of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods: Data of 284 preschool children aged 3-6 with hand-foot-mouth disease, including the season pattern, clinical manifestations, pathogen distribution, were collected in department of pediatric infectious diseases of the Second Children & Women s Healthcare of Jinan from 2020 to 2023. The distribution conditions of TLR 9 and TLR 7 genotypes of enterovirus 71 (EV71) subtype and coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) subtype were compared by Chi square test. Hardy Weinberg equilibrium test was used to characteristic sample population distribution, and Logistic regression analysis in the additive genetic model was adopted to evaluate the relationship between TLR 9 and TLR 7 gene polymorphisms with hand-foot-mouth disease subtype. Results: The time to admission after symptom onset with hand-foot-mouth disease among 284 children was mostly >2-4 d ( 45.42% ), followed by ≤2 d ( 44.72% ). The season pattern was mostly in summer (58.10%). The severity was mostly mild ( 69.72% ), and the main clinical manifestations were skin rash (100.00%) and fever (65.49%). The majority pathogen was EV71 (60.56%). Hardy Weinberg equilibrium test showed good population representation ( P >0.05). Logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the relationship between TLR9 rs 187084 locus and hand-foot-mouth disease subtypes under the additive genetic model after adjusting for age and gender of the study population, and it was found that compared with those without C allele, each additional C allele increased the risk of CA16 subtype hand-foot-mouth disease by 109% ( OR=2.09, 95%CI =1.13-3.27). Analysis of relationship between TLR 7 rs 3853839 locus and hand-foot-mouth disease subtype showed that compared with those without C allele, the risk of EV71 subtype hand-foot-mouth disease increased by 57% for each additional C allele ( OR=1.57, 95%CI = 1.10 -2.11) ( P <0.05). Conclusions From 2020 to 2023, children with hand-foot-mouth disease in a medical institution of Jinan City is mostly mild and caused by EV71 infection. The polymorphism of rs 3853839 locus of TLR 7 may be related to EV71 infection in children with hand-foot-mouth disease, and the polymorphism of rs 187084 locus of TLR 9 may be related to CA16 infection.

Oxalicine B ( 1) is an α-pyrone meroterpenoid with a unique bispirocyclic ring system derived from Penicillium oxalicum. The biosynthetic pathway of 15-deoxyoxalicine B ( 4) was preliminarily reported in Penicillium canescens, however, the genetic base and biochemical characterization of tailoring reactions for oxalicine B ( 1) has remained enigmatic. In this study, we characterized three oxygenases from the metabolic pathway of oxalicine B ( 1), including a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase OxaL, a hydroxylating Fe(II)/α-KG-dependent dioxygenase OxaK, and a multifunctional cytochrome P450 OxaB. Intriguingly, OxaK can catalyze various multicyclic intermediates or shunt products of oxalicines with impressive substrate promiscuity. OxaB was further proven via biochemical assays to have the ability to convert 15-hydroxdecaturin A ( 3) to 1 with a spiro-lactone core skeleton through oxidative rearrangement. We also solved the mystery of OxaL that controls C-15 hydroxylation. Chemical investigation of the wild-type strain and deletants enabled us to identify 10 metabolites including three new compounds, and the isolated compounds displayed potent anti-influenza A virus bioactivities exhibiting IC₅₀ values in the range of 4.0-19.9 μmol/L. Our studies have allowed us to propose a late-stage biosynthetic pathway for oxalicine B ( 1) and create downstream derivatizations of oxalicines by employing enzymatic strategies.

Recent studies have found that the brain-gut-microbiome axis(BGMA)is closely related to the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease(AD). BGMA can affect AD in various aspects such as neuro-immune regulation and intestinal microflora, and is a potential new target for the treatment of AD.The "Sanjiao" acupuncture method is proposed by professor Han Jingxian, a famous Chinese medicine practitioner, based on his theory of "dysfunction of Qi activity of Sanjiao leads to aging" , and has been widely used in the treatment of AD and other age-related diseases in clinical practice.This article reviews the theory of "dysfunction of Qi activity of Sanjiao leads to aging" and the relationship between the "Sanjiao" acupuncture method and BGMA, with the hope that the "San Jiao" acupuncture method can become a new target for treatment of AD in the future.

Objective: We aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of asymptomatic AF in elder community population (≥65 years old) to analyze the detection rate of different screening methods. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study. The elder (≥65 years old) residents who voluntarily participated in free physical examination in Dalian community were selected. The participants were randomly divided into screening group (including intensive screening group and single screening group) and control group. The control group received interrogation, medical history collection and routine 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) examination. Screening group received an additional single-lead ambulatory ECG equipment worn for 5-7 days. Intensive screening group received two equal-length wearings in 2020 and 2021 respectively, while one screening group only wore once in 2020. Results: Finally 3 340 residents ((70.7±5.0) years old) which consisted of 1 488 males (44.55%) were enrolled. There were 1 945 residents in screening group, including 859 in intensive screening group and 1 086 in one-time screening group. The control group included 1 395 people. Detection rate of asymptomatic AF was significantly higher in screening group than control group (79(4.06%) vs. 24(1.72%), P<0.001). Higher detection rate was found in screening group than control group in AF risk factors (1 or 2-3) subgroups and CHA₂DS₂-VASc score (2-3 or≥4) subgroups (P<0.05). Additionally, no difference was found between intensive screening group and single screening group (42(4.89%) vs. 37(3.41%), P=0.100). Intensive screening increased detection rate (7(6.93%) vs. 1(0.58%), P=0.009) only in residents those with low thrombosis risk (CHA₂DS₂-VaSc<2). Conclusions: Screening in elderly (≥65 years old) can significantly improve the detection rate of asymptomatic AF by wearing single lead dynamic ECG device. The rate increased significantly with the increase of risk factors associated with AF by single screening. In addition, repeat screening of the same method may only improve detection rates in the group with low risk thrombotic scores and non-combination of AF risk factors.Screening methods that are appropriate for different populations may require further exploration.
Male ; Humans ; Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology* ; Prospective Studies ; Electrocardiography ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; Risk Assessment ; Mass Screening/methods*

Objective: We aimed to determine the epidemiological characteristics of asymptomatic AF in elder community population (≥65 years old) to analyze the detection rate of different screening methods. Methods: The study was a prospective cohort study. The elder (≥65 years old) residents who voluntarily participated in free physical examination in Dalian community were selected. The participants were randomly divided into screening group (including intensive screening group and single screening group) and control group. The control group received interrogation, medical history collection and routine 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) examination. Screening group received an additional single-lead ambulatory ECG equipment worn for 5-7 days. Intensive screening group received two equal-length wearings in 2020 and 2021 respectively, while one screening group only wore once in 2020. Results: Finally 3 340 residents ((70.7±5.0) years old) which consisted of 1 488 males (44.55%) were enrolled. There were 1 945 residents in screening group, including 859 in intensive screening group and 1 086 in one-time screening group. The control group included 1 395 people. Detection rate of asymptomatic AF was significantly higher in screening group than control group (79(4.06%) vs. 24(1.72%), P<0.001). Higher detection rate was found in screening group than control group in AF risk factors (1 or 2-3) subgroups and CHA₂DS₂-VASc score (2-3 or≥4) subgroups (P<0.05). Additionally, no difference was found between intensive screening group and single screening group (42(4.89%) vs. 37(3.41%), P=0.100). Intensive screening increased detection rate (7(6.93%) vs. 1(0.58%), P=0.009) only in residents those with low thrombosis risk (CHA₂DS₂-VaSc<2). Conclusions: Screening in elderly (≥65 years old) can significantly improve the detection rate of asymptomatic AF by wearing single lead dynamic ECG device. The rate increased significantly with the increase of risk factors associated with AF by single screening. In addition, repeat screening of the same method may only improve detection rates in the group with low risk thrombotic scores and non-combination of AF risk factors.Screening methods that are appropriate for different populations may require further exploration.
Male ; Humans ; Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation/epidemiology* ; Prospective Studies ; Electrocardiography ; Risk Factors ; Stroke ; Risk Assessment ; Mass Screening/methods*

Aim To study the role of diosmetin ( Dio) in liver ischemia/reperfusion and its possible mecha-nism.Methods Thirty-two mice were randomly di¬vided into sham group, I/R group, low-dose Dio group and high-dose Dio group, with 8 mice in each group.The I/R group received liver I/R surgery, and the sham group performed sham surgery.The low- and high-dose Dio groups received intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg • kg ~1 and 40 mg • kg ~1 Dio at 30 min before liver I/R, respectively.Blood and liver samples were collected at 24 h after reperfusion.ELISA was used to detect the levels of interleukin ( IL)-ip, 1L-6, lactic dehydrogenase ( LDH ) and aspartate transaminase ( AST) in serum.Hie levels of malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , reactive oxygen species ( ROS) , reduced glutathione (GSH) and total bilirubin (TBIL) in liver homogenate were measured.HE staining was used to observe liver injury.Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of IL-ip in liver tis¬sues.Western blot was used to detect the expression of cleaved-c a spa se-3 , p-NF-kb p65 and p-p38 proteins in liver tissues.Results Compared with sham group, the degree of liver injury in I/R group significantly in¬creased , and the levels of 1L-1 (3, 1L-6, LDH and AST in serum, MDA, ROS and cleaved-caspase-3, p-NF- kb p65 and p-p38 proteins in liver tissues markedly in¬creased ; however, the levels of GSH and TB1L signifi¬cantly decreased, and the differences in the above in¬dexes were statistically significant.Compared with I/R group, the above indexes in low- and high-dose Dio groups were significantly improved, and the effect of high-dose group was better than that of low-dose group.Conclusions Dio pretreatment can reduce liver I/R injury, which may be related to the reduction of oxida¬tive stress and inflammation-related pathways induced by liver I/R.

Pulmonary hypertension ( PH) is occult, with no distinctive clinical manifestations and poor prognosis.Pulmonary vascular remodelling is an important pathological feature in which pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell ( PASMCs) pheno- typic switching plays a crucial role.MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of evolutionary highly conserved single-stranded small non-coding RNA.Recently, an increasing number of scholars have found that miRNA can play an important role in the occurrence and development of PH by regulating the phenotypic switching of PASMCs, which is expected to be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of PH.It has been found that miR NA such as miR-221 , miR-24, miR-15b, miR-96, miR-23a.miR-9, miR-214, miR-20a can promote the phenotypic switching of PASMCs, while miRNA such as miR-21, miR-132, miR-182, miR-449, miR-206 .miR-124, miR-30c, miR-140.miR-17-92 cluster can inhibit it.This article aims to review the research progress on miRNA that mediates PASMCs phenotypic switching in PH from both growth factor-related miRNA and hy- poxia-related miRNA.