Childhood simple obesity has become a significant public health issue in China. Modern medicine primarily relies on lifestyle interventions and often suffers from poor long-term compliance， while pharmacological options are limited and associated with potential adverse effects. Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM） has a long history in the prevention and management of this condition， demonstrating eight distinct advantages， including systematic theoretical foundation， diversified therapeutic approaches， definite therapeutic efficacy， high safety profile， good patient compliance， comprehensive intervention strategies， emphasis on prevention， and stepwise treatment protocols. Additionally， TCM is characterized by six distinctive features： the use of natural medicinal substances， non-invasive external therapies， integration of medicinal dietetics， simple exercise regimens， precise syndrome differentiation， and diverse dosage forms. By combining internal and external treatments， TCM facilitates individualized regimen adjustment and holistic regulation， demonstrating remarkable effects in improving obesity-related metabolic indicators， regulating constitutional imbalance， and promoting healthy behaviors. However， challenges remain， such as inconsistent operational standards， insufficient high-quality clinical evidence， and a gap between basic research and clinical application. Future efforts should focus on accelerating the standardization of TCM diagnosis and treatment， conducting multicenter randomized controlled trials， and fostering interdisciplinary integration， so as to enhance the scientific validity and international recognition of TCM in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.

The theory of constitution in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has emerged as a new discipline in recent years. Constitution plays a vital role in the onset，progression，transformation，and prognosis of diseases. At present，some clinical scholars have adopted a novel diagnostic and treatment model of "constitution differentiation-disease identification-syndrome differentiation"，in which constitution is regarded as a core element throughout the diagnostic and therapeutic process. Constitution is closely associated with etiology，onset，pathogenesis，syndrome differentiation，and treatment. Against this background，the construction of animal models based on constitution holds far-reaching significance for advancing clinical research. This paper focuses on the construction and evaluation of rodent models with Qi-deficiency constitution，aiming to explore how to further induce Qi-deficiency syndromes and related disease states on the basis of Qi-deficiency constitution models，thereby developing an integrated animal model that embodies the trinity of "constitution-disease-syndrome". The establishment of this model not only provides a solid experimental foundation for the development of new therapies and drugs in TCM targeting specific constitutions，diseases，and syndromes，but also greatly promotes the modernization and scientific advancement of TCM theory. By comprehensively applying multidisciplinary technologies and methods，the study evaluates the model's validity，reliability，and practicality，with the aim of opening new avenues for future research in TCM and promoting the development of the field.

The theory of constitution in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has emerged as a new discipline in recent years. Constitution plays a vital role in the onset，progression，transformation，and prognosis of diseases. At present，some clinical scholars have adopted a novel diagnostic and treatment model of "constitution differentiation-disease identification-syndrome differentiation"，in which constitution is regarded as a core element throughout the diagnostic and therapeutic process. Constitution is closely associated with etiology，onset，pathogenesis，syndrome differentiation，and treatment. Against this background，the construction of animal models based on constitution holds far-reaching significance for advancing clinical research. This paper focuses on the construction and evaluation of rodent models with Qi-deficiency constitution，aiming to explore how to further induce Qi-deficiency syndromes and related disease states on the basis of Qi-deficiency constitution models，thereby developing an integrated animal model that embodies the trinity of "constitution-disease-syndrome". The establishment of this model not only provides a solid experimental foundation for the development of new therapies and drugs in TCM targeting specific constitutions，diseases，and syndromes，but also greatly promotes the modernization and scientific advancement of TCM theory. By comprehensively applying multidisciplinary technologies and methods，the study evaluates the model's validity，reliability，and practicality，with the aim of opening new avenues for future research in TCM and promoting the development of the field.

ObjectiveTo develop an assessment tool for apraxia of speech (AOS) of Chinese Putonghua speakers and test its reliability and validity. MethodsThe Chinese Apraxia of Speech Assessment and Diagnostic Tool (CAADT) was developed based on the Apraxia of Speech Rating Scale 3.5, combined with the linguistic characteristics of Chinese and clinical experience. The tool consistsed of eleven items across three sections: articulation, prosody and alternating motion rates. Six experts evaluated the content validity. From November, 2024 to May, 2025, 51 patients with post-stroke AOS (experimental group) and ten patients with post-stroke aphasia without AOS (control group) were recruited from Anhui Wannan Rehabilitation Hospital (the Fifth People's Hospital of Wuhu), and tested with CAADT. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach's α coefficient, Kendall's coefficient of concordance W and Pearson correlation coefficient. Validity was evaluated using the content validity index (CVI) and Spearman correlation coefficient. Discriminative effect was analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. ResultsThe Cronbach's α coefficients for the articulation and prosody sections and the total scale were all > 0.9, while it was 0.454 for the alternating motion rates. Inter-rater reliability was good (W ≥ 0.598, P < 0.001). Test-retest reliability showed high positive correlations for the three sections and the total score between the two assessments (r ≥ 0.84, P < 0.001). The scale-level CVI was 0.95, and the item-level CVI ≥ 0.83. The Spearman correlation coefficients among the sections ranged from 0.30 to 0.70. ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.953, with a cut-off value of 11, yielding a sensitivity of 0.92 and a specificity of 0.90. ConclusionCAADT demonstrates good reliability, validity and discriminative effect, which can be used for clinical assessment and auxiliary diagnosis of Chinese Putonghua speaking patients with post-stroke AOS.

Objective To investigate the medication law of Professor Wang Xuefeng in the treatment of transient tic disorders in children using data mining techniques;To clarify clinical thoughts and academic experience in the treatment of this disease.Methods The outpatient medical records of Professor Wang Xuefeng treated children with transient tic disorder in Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from September 2021 to September 2024 were collected,and the prescriptions for patients'first visit were input after screening and sorting.Excel 2019 was used to establish the database.SPSS Modeler 18.0 was used to analyze the association rules of high-frequency drugs.SPSS Statistics 27.0 was used for clustering analysis.Gephi 0.10.1 was used for complex network analysis,and medication law was summarized.Results A total of 223 TCM prescriptions meeting the standard were included,involving 116 kinds of Chinese materia medica,with a total frequency of 3 668,and 30 high-frequency drugs were screened.The properties were mainly cold,neutral,and warm and the tastes were mainly pungent,bitter and sweet.The meridians were mainly liver,lung and heart meridians.The efficacy was mainly for suppressing hyperactive liver for calming endogenous wind,relieving surface and clearing heat;the results of association rules analysis showed that the drug combination with the highest correlation was Paeoniae Radix alba-Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle-Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma;the high-frequency drugs were grouped into 9 categories by clustering analysis;a core drug combination consisting of 10 kinds of highly correlated Chinese materia medica was obtained by complex network analysis.Conclusion Professor Wang Xuefeng believes that transient tic disorders is mainly in the lung and liver,the etiology is due to the wind and phlegm,the pathogenesis is the external pathogens invading the lung,the pathogenic qi is reluctant to leave,the five viscera are disharmonious,the producing phlegm and turbid,the internal and external connection,the wind phlegm consolidation,the flowing meridians,thus causing twitching.It is necessary to take into account the whole process of disease development,with clear medication,fewer tastes,refined prescription and special efficacy.

Objective To analyze the current status of clinical trial registration of common anorectal diseases in Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(ChiCTR)and the research of TCM.Methods The ChiCTR database was retrieved to collect and organize clinical trials related to hemorrhoids,anal fissures,anal fistulas,perianal abscesses,and perianal eczema.The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to December 10,2023.Characterization of included registration trials was analyzed.Results A total of 148 registered projects were included,75 of which were TCM-related clinical trials.Among them,134 clinical trials were pre-registered and 121 passed the ethical review.Shanghai,Jiangsu,Guangdong,Beijing and Sichuan accounted for 76.35％of the total number of registrations,and the largest number of registered projects was in Shuguang Hospital affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The top 3 funding sources were local finance,self-funding and hospital funding.The registered projects were mainly intervention studies.114 studies used randomized methods and 34 studies were blinded.Conclusion At present,the number of ChiCTR-registered clinical trials on anorectal diseases is on an increasing trend,and the treatment of anorectal diseases with TCM has obvious characteristics.However,there are cases of irregular filling of registration content and uneven regional distribution.

Objective:To conduct a Meta-analysis for domestically and internationally relative literature on management for medical consumables during 2014 to 2024 through CiteSpace 6.3.1 R1 scientific knowledge mapping software,so as to provide reference for medical institutions in managing medical consumables.Methods:Keywords included"consumables management"and"medical supplies management"were searched in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science(WOS)databases.CiteSpace software was employed to conduct keyword co-occurrence analysis,time-zone visualization analysis,cluster analysis,and burst detection analysis.Results:In the 684 articles meeting the inclusion criteria,the United States and China were the two countries with the largest number of publications,contributing 68 articles and 376 articles,respectively.In CNKI database,"High-value consumables"had the highest number of publications in cluster literatures(33 articles,silhouette value=0.91),which indicated a strong research focus in the field of management for high-value medical consumables.In the international database,both of the"da Vinci Si"(31 articles,silhouette value=0.982)and"sustainability"(22 articles,silhouette value=0.981)had significant research hotspots,which reflected global attention on technological innovation and sustainability in management for consumables.Conclusion:The main research hotspots and development trends in the field of medical supplies management,both domestically and internationally,concentrate on the informatization and whole-process supervision of high-value medical supplies,technological management innovation for supplies related to robotic surgery,as well as the sustainability and environmentally friendly development of medical supply management systems.Future research should further integrate intelligent technologies,advance the practice of whole-life cycle management,and strengthen its application and validation in clinical effectiveness,so as to enhance the efficiency and quality of healthcare services.

Objective:To explore patterns of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) use among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Jiangsu Province, China from 2019 to 2023.Methods:Using data from the IBD health data platform of the National Healthcare Big Data (Eastern) Center, a retrospective cohort study was conducted. We performed descriptive analyses on hospitalised patients diagnosed with IBD between 2019 and 2023, who received TCM treatment.Results:The study included 11 095 case records from 4 760 patients, with TCM diagnoses primarily indicating diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Ulcerative colitis (UC) accounted for 4 782 hospitalizations (3 103 patients), while Crohn's disease (CD) accounted for 6 313 hospitalizations (1 657 patients). Patient demographics showed a trend towards younger age and a higher proportion of males. Treatment utilisation was highest in southern Jiangsu compared with the central and northern regions. In terms of disease burden, all treatment costs showed a downward trend. In terms of external TCM therapies, UC patients tend to prefer plasters and enemas, while CD patients are more inclined to use acupuncture. Regarding herbal medicine, licorice, white atractylodes, and white peony root are commonly used single herbs for IBD patients.Conclusions:The number of IBD patients treated with TCM in Jiangsu Province has steadily increased from 2019 to 2023. It is important to identify effective TCM treatment methods to reduce the burden of patients.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system (CLS) in glycemic control in young children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Methods:This retrospective observational self-controlled study analyzed data from 14 children (aged 3-9 years) with T1DM treated at the Endocrinology and Metabolism Department of Anhui Provincial Children′s Hospital between August 2021 and February 2024. All the patients had undergone continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (commonly known as insulin pump therapy) with continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) for at least 4 weeks and CLS for over 6 months. Data collected included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), diabetes duration, duration of insulin pump use, baseline glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and pre-and post-treatment glycemic metrics. Based on the duration of combined CLS therapy, groups were divided as follows: baseline (before combined CLS therapy), 0-<4 weeks, 4-<8 weeks, 8-<12 weeks, 12-<24 weeks. Independent sample t-test and ANOVA were used to compare intergroup and multigroup differences, respectively, in glycemic levels before and after hybrid CLS therapy. Results:Among the 14 pediatric patients, 8 were male and 6 were female. Their age was (6.5±0.5) year old, BMI was (16.1±1.3) kg/m2, duration of diabetes was (20.1±2.6) months, duration of CGMS insulin pump use was (13.8±2.6) months, and baseline HbA1C was (10.2±0.8)%. One-way ANOVA revealed that hybrid CLS therapy significantly improved glycemic control, compared to pre-treatment, at 6 months follow-up, the following outcomes were observed: increased time-in-range (TIR), reduced time in hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, lower HbA1C and mean glucose level, improved daytime TIR, and decreased mean glucose levels at fasting, postprandial (three meals), and bedtime (22:00), and scores on the pediatric quality of life inventory significantly increased ( F=3.16, 2.94, 2.56, 13.84, 2.36, 7.00, 40.48, 115.90, 192.50, 122.70, 75.55, t=11.00, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared to baseline insulin pump therapy, hybrid CLS improves glycemic control and quality of life in young children with T1DM, while reducing the risk of hypoglycemia over a 6-month treatment period.

In recent years,more and more researches has focused on the correlation between cognitive activity and physiological variables.The change of pupil is regarded as an important target in the cognitive process,and has become a hot research field.This review focuses on the three key brain regions that regulate pupil change,and reflects the neurophysiological mechanism behind pupil change by elaborating the neural pathways related to pupil change and cognitive performance.Based on recent studies on pupil change in cognitive diseases,it aims to promote the application of pupil change in the field of cognitive science in the future.