Objective: To explore the relationship between visual acuity and physical fitness of university freshmen, so as to provide reference for myopia prevention and control for freshmen. Methods: From October to November 2022, 2 160 college freshman without majoring in public safety administration, selected from Guangxi Police College in 2022 by using the stratified cluster random sampling method, were reviewed for the results of visual acuity test and physical fitness scores. The physical fitness indices were evaluated by using the Z scores of physical fitness test scores, and the strength of association between the level of physical fitness index and myopia was analyzed by using Logistic regression model. Results: Among 2 160 college freshman without majoring in public safety administration, 917 (42.5%) students were diagnosed screening myopia, including 66 (3.1%) cases of high myopia, 383 (17.7%) cases of moderate myopia and 468 (21.7%) cases of mild myopia. The differences in the distribution of visual acuity tests among students with different physical fitness indices, body mass index, and gender were statistically significant ( Z/H=54.50, 49.53, 15.51, P <0.01). Low level and low middle level physical fitness indices were associated with screening myopia among freshmen[ OR (95% CI )=2.81(1.93-4.08),1.87(1.38-2.54)], and low level physical fitness indexes were associated with high myopia [ OR (95% CI )=7.22(2.33-22.32)] ( P <0.01). Conclusions Screening myopia among college freshman without majoring in public safety administration is related to physical fitness, and low level and low middle level physical fitness index are risk factors for myopia. Improving the level of physical fitness might be effective in preventing myopia.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Yichang City from 2019 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures in the future. Methods By random cluster sampling , 7 schools in urban areas and 5 schools in suburban counties were selected to screen common diseases such as myopia, dental caries, obesity and abnormal spinal curvature. Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed for statistical analysis. Results A total of 17 023 primary and secondary school students were screened from 2019 to 2022. The overall detection rate of common diseases from high to low was myopia (54.12%), caries (36.75%), overweight (15.17%), obesity (11.88%), malnutrition (5.80%), and abnormal spinal curvature (3.49%). The detection rates of myopia and abnormal curvature of the spine showed an increasing trend with years and school stages, while the detection rates of malnutrition and dental caries showed a decreasing trend with years and school stages. The detection rates of overweight and obesity showed no trend difference with years, and the detection rates of obesity showed a decreasing trend with school stages. The rates of myopia, overweight and obesity were higher in urban areas than those in suburban counties, and the rate of dental caries was higher in suburban counties than that in urban areas. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and malnutrition in boys was higher than that in girls. The prevalence of myopia and dental caries in girls was higher than that in boys. The above differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion Myopia, dental caries, obesity, and abnormal curvature of the spine are the current focus of the prevention and treatment of common diseases in students. There are great differences between different regions, school stages, and genders. The ^“tripartite linkage^” of schools, families, and communities should be achieved with the joint efforts of the education and health departments to actively take targeted intervention measures to reduce the prevalence.

Objective:To carry out evidence-based nursing for postoperative exercise rehabilitation of patients with vertebral fractures, develop review indicators, analyze obstacles and facilitators in evidence-based nursing practice, and formulate reform strategies.Methods:Guided by the evidence-based nursing practice model of the Joanna Briggs Institute, this study incorporated evidence of postoperative exercise rehabilitation in patients with vertebral fractures and developed review items. Based on baseline review, the obstacles and facilitators in evidence-based nursing practice were analyzed, and reform strategies were formulated.Results:A total of 29 evidence items were included, and 16 review indicators were formulated. Only seven indicators had a compliance rate of 100%, two indicators had a compliance rate of 0, and the compliance rate of the remaining indicators was between 11% and 95%. The obstacles in evidence-based nursing practice came from three levels: system, practitioner, and patient. The facilitators included strong leadership and organizational abilities, close cooperation between medical and nursing teams, and so on. Corresponding change strategies were developed based on obstacles and facilitators.Conclusions:There is a certain gap between the evidence of exercise rehabilitation and evidence-based nursing practice in postoperative patients with vertebral fractures. We should make full use of facilitators to overcome obstacles and implement reform strategies.

Objective:To explore the influencing factors and pathways of home-based exercise rehabilitation compliance in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), so as to provide theoretical basis for formulating targeted intervention program.Methods:From July 2022 to February 2023, convenience sampling was used to select 220 patients who underwent PCI at Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital affiliated with Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University as the study subject. A survey was conducted on patients using the General Information Questionnaires, Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale, Illness Perception and Behavior Questionnaire in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease after PCI, Social Support Rating Scale, and Exercise Rehabilitation Compliance Follow-up Scale.Results:A total of 220 questionnaires were distributed, and 215 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 97.73% (215/220). The Exercise Rehabilitation Compliance Follow-up Scale in 215 patients after PCI was (11.35±3.85). The mediating effect of exercise self-efficacy between social support and exercise compliance was 0.150 [95% CI (0.055, 0.167), P<0.01], and the mediating effect of disease cognition between social support and exercise compliance after PCI was 0.065 [95% CI (0.016, 0.090), P<0.05]. The direct effect of social support on exercise compliance was 0.238 [95% CI (0.064, 0.278), P<0.01], and the indirect effect was 0.215 [95% CI (0.083, 0.233), P<0.05], and the mediating effect accounted for 47.46% of the total effect. Conclusions:Social support can directly or indirectly affect the compliance of patients with home-based exercise rehabilitation through the mediating effect of exercise self-efficacy and post PCI disease cognition. Medical and nursing staff can improve patient exercise self-efficacy and disease cognition by constructing intervention strategies based on social support, thereby enhancing home-based exercise rehabilitation compliance.

Hepatohilar cholangiocarcinoma is a common malignant tumor of the biliary system,and radical surgery is one of the important treatment methods.Due to the narrow space at the hi-lum and the high rate of anatomical variation,radical surgery is challenging.By using medical imag-ing technology and 3D reconstruction,surgeons can accurately determine the stage and classifica-tion of hilar cholangiocarcinoma preoperatively.They can assess the tumor's resectability by Ac-cording to the bile duct separation limit points(U point,P point)and anticipate the impact of portal vein,bile duct,and arterial variations on the surgical plan,thereby improving the rate of radical re-section and reducing complication rates.

Objective:To explore the current status of lipid-lowering therapy, the distribution of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and the risk assessment of cardiovascular events recurrence in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) complicated by hypertension.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Patients with CHD combined with hypertension were hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army from August 5, 2008 to July 22, 2018 were included, and were divided into standard group and substandard group according to whether LDL-C reached the standard. Study data were obtained from inpatient coronary angiography records and electronic medical records database of Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Chinese People′s Liberation Army, who used data from the first diagnosis of CHD. Clinical data of the selected patients were collected. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the associated factors of whether LDL-C reached the standard in CHD patients with hypertension.Results:A total of 18 800 patients were selected from 31 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities directly under the central government in China, with Beijing accounting for the largest proportion (5 692 patients (30.28%)), followed by Hebei (3 621 patients (19.26%)), Henan (1 837 patients (9.77%)), and Shandong (1 618 patients (8.61%)). Among the selected patients, 1 493 had LDL-C<1.4 mmol/L (standard group), and 17 307 had LDL-C≥1.4 mmol/L (substandard group). Only 1 493 patients (7.94%) had LDL-C<1.4 mmol/L. There were 4 518 patients (24.03%), 4 366 patients (23.22%), 6 924 patients (36.83%) and 1 499 patients (7.97%) with LDL-C for 1.4-<2.0, 2.0-<2.5, 2.5-<3.8 and≥3.8 mmol/L levels, respectively. 17 855 patients (95.15%) were treated with statins, but only 1 334 patients (7.10%) were treated with statins and ezetimibe. Of the selected patients, 4 986 patients (26.52%) were at low risk, 6 515 patients (34.65%) were at intermediate risk, and 7 299 patients (38.82%) were at high risk. The combined lipid-lowering treatment rates of statin and ezetimibe in the middle-and high-risk patients were 7.43% (484/6 515) and 7.48% (546/7 299), respectively. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increasing age, male, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and history of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were positively associated with LDL-C standards in patients with CHD and hypertension, whereas obesity and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were negatively associated with LDL-C standards (all P<0.01). Conclusions:The rate of achieving the standard LDL-C in patients with CHD combined with hypertension was low in China. Although the majority of patients had received moderate-intensity statin therapy, the proportion of statin-treated patients combined with ezetimibe was extremely low. The proportion of high-risk patients with recurrent cardiovascular events was higher in patients with CHD and hypertension in China, whereas the proportion of such patients receiving statin combined with ezetimibe lipid-lowering therapy was lower. This study also found that increasing age, male, diabetes mellitus, stroke, and history of PCI were positively associated with LDL-C standards, while obesity and AMI were negatively associated with LDL-C standards in patients with CHD and hypertension.

Objective To investigate the association between auditory processing and problem behaviors in preschool children,as well as the mediating role of executive function.Methods A total of 2 342 preschool children were selected from 7 kindergartens in Nanjing,China from June to August 2021.They were evaluated using Preschool Auditory Processing Assessment Scale,Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire,and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functioning-Preschool version.Children with different demographic features were compared in the scores and the abnormality rates of auditory processing,problem behaviors,and executive function.The influencing factors of the total scores of auditory processing,problem behaviors,and executive function were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis.Whether executive function was a mediating factor between auditory processing and executive function was examined.Results Sex and grade were the main influencing factors for the total score of auditory processing(P<0.05),and sex,grade,parental education level,and family economic status were the main influencing factors for the total scores of problem behaviors and executive function(P<0.05).The auditory processing score(rs= 0.458,P<0.05)and problem behavior score(rs=0.185,P<0.05)were significantly positively correlated with the executive function score,and the auditory processing score was significantly positively correlated with the problem behavior score(rs=0.423,P<0.05).Executive function played a partial mediating role between auditory processing and problem behaviors,and the mediating effect accounted for 33.44% of the total effect.Conclusions Auditory processing can directly affect the problem behaviors of preschool children and indirectly affect problem behaviors through executive function.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(2):174-180]

【Objective】 To investigate the current state of infant responsive caregiving and to analyze its correlation with caregiver parenting confidence, in order to provide theoretical basis for improving the level of responsive care for infants and young children. 【Methods】 A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 to select 1 028 infants and young children under 3 years old who underwent health examinations in the Department of Child Healthcare. Participants completed a general data questionnaire, the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale, and the Infant Responsive Caregiving Scale. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the related influencing factors of infant responsive care and to analyze the relationship between caregiver parenting confidence and responsive caregiving. 【Results】 The level of responsive caregiving was found to be associated with various factors such as infant age(χ²=21.196), mode of pregnancy(Z=-2.072), history of pregnancy protection during pregnancy(Z=-4.713), history of pregnancy complications (Z=-4.504), gestational week at birth(χ²=41.358), small for term infants(Z=-3.497), neonatal intracranial hemorrhage(Z=-5.425), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia(Z=-2.184), maternal education level(χ²=9.419), family income(χ²=11.211) as well as type of family (χ²=15.360)(P < 0.05). Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between parenting confidence and responsive caregiving(r=0.421,P<0.001). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis revealed that caregiver parenting confidence had a significant positive effect on the level of responsive caregiving (B=0.623, P<0.05), even after controlling for the effect of demographic factors. 【Conclusion】 The level of infant responsive caregiving is influenced by caregiver parenting confidence, and increasing caregiver parenting confidence can effectively improve the quality of responsive caregiving for infants and young children.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,small molecule generation models have emerged as a significant research direction in the field of drug discovery.These models,including Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs),Variational Autoencoders(VAEs),and diffusion models,have proven to possess remarkable capabilities in optimizing drug properties and generating complex molecular structures.This article comprehensively analyzes the application of the aforementioned advanced technologies in the drug discovery process,demonstrating how they supplement and enhance traditional drug design methods.At the same time,it addresses the challenges facing current methods in terms of data quality,model complexity,computational cost,and generalization ability,with a prospect of future research directions.

Objective To understand the current situation of human brain donation in Hebei Province by analyzing the basic information of Human Brain Bank samples of Hebei Medical University in order to provide basic data support for subsequent scientific research.Methods The samples collected from the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University were analyzed(from December 2019 to February 2024),including gender,age,cause of death,as well as quality control data such as postmortem delay time,pH value of cerebrospinal fluid and and RNA integrity number and result of neuropathological diagnosis.Results Until February 2024,30 human brain samples were collected and stored in the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University,with a male to female ratio of 9∶1.Donors over 70 years old accounted for 53％.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases(36.67％)and nervous system diseases(23.33％)accounted for a high proportion of the death causes.The location of brain tissue donors in Shijiazhuang accounted for 90％donations,and the others were from outside the city.The postmortem delay time was relatively short,90％within 12 hours and 10％more than 12 hours.69.23％of the brain samples had RNA integrity values greater than 6.Cerebrospinal fluid pH values ranged from 5.8 to 7.5,with an average value of 6.60±0.45.Brain weights ranged from 906-1496 g,with an average value of(1210.78±197.84)g.Three apolipoprotein E(APOE)alleles were detected including five genotypes(ε2/ε3,ε2/ε4,ε3/ε3,ε3/ε4,ε4/ε4).Eleven staining methods related to neuropathological diagnosis had been established and used.A total of 12 cases were diagnosed as neurodegenerative diseases(including Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,multiple system atrophy,corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy,etc.),accounting for 40％donated brains.The comorbidity rate of samples over 80 years old was 100％.Conclusion The summary and analyses of the data of brain donors in the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University can reflect the current situation of the construction and operation of the brain bank in Hebei Province,and it can also be more targeted to understand and identify potential donors.Our information can provide reference for the construction of brain bank and provides more reliable materials and data support for scientific research.