Objective: To explore the relationship between visual acuity and physical fitness of university freshmen, so as to provide reference for myopia prevention and control for freshmen. Methods: From October to November 2022, 2 160 college freshman without majoring in public safety administration, selected from Guangxi Police College in 2022 by using the stratified cluster random sampling method, were reviewed for the results of visual acuity test and physical fitness scores. The physical fitness indices were evaluated by using the Z scores of physical fitness test scores, and the strength of association between the level of physical fitness index and myopia was analyzed by using Logistic regression model. Results: Among 2 160 college freshman without majoring in public safety administration, 917 (42.5%) students were diagnosed screening myopia, including 66 (3.1%) cases of high myopia, 383 (17.7%) cases of moderate myopia and 468 (21.7%) cases of mild myopia. The differences in the distribution of visual acuity tests among students with different physical fitness indices, body mass index, and gender were statistically significant ( Z/H=54.50, 49.53, 15.51, P <0.01). Low level and low middle level physical fitness indices were associated with screening myopia among freshmen[ OR (95% CI )=2.81(1.93-4.08),1.87(1.38-2.54)], and low level physical fitness indexes were associated with high myopia [ OR (95% CI )=7.22(2.33-22.32)] ( P <0.01). Conclusions Screening myopia among college freshman without majoring in public safety administration is related to physical fitness, and low level and low middle level physical fitness index are risk factors for myopia. Improving the level of physical fitness might be effective in preventing myopia.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of common diseases among primary and secondary school students in Yichang City from 2019 to 2022, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating effective intervention measures in the future. Methods By random cluster sampling , 7 schools in urban areas and 5 schools in suburban counties were selected to screen common diseases such as myopia, dental caries, obesity and abnormal spinal curvature. Descriptive epidemiological methods were employed for statistical analysis. Results A total of 17 023 primary and secondary school students were screened from 2019 to 2022. The overall detection rate of common diseases from high to low was myopia (54.12%), caries (36.75%), overweight (15.17%), obesity (11.88%), malnutrition (5.80%), and abnormal spinal curvature (3.49%). The detection rates of myopia and abnormal curvature of the spine showed an increasing trend with years and school stages, while the detection rates of malnutrition and dental caries showed a decreasing trend with years and school stages. The detection rates of overweight and obesity showed no trend difference with years, and the detection rates of obesity showed a decreasing trend with school stages. The rates of myopia, overweight and obesity were higher in urban areas than those in suburban counties, and the rate of dental caries was higher in suburban counties than that in urban areas. The prevalence of overweight, obesity, and malnutrition in boys was higher than that in girls. The prevalence of myopia and dental caries in girls was higher than that in boys. The above differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusion Myopia, dental caries, obesity, and abnormal curvature of the spine are the current focus of the prevention and treatment of common diseases in students. There are great differences between different regions, school stages, and genders. The ^“tripartite linkage^” of schools, families, and communities should be achieved with the joint efforts of the education and health departments to actively take targeted intervention measures to reduce the prevalence.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the application value of thromboelastography (TEG) in assessing coagulation function in children with severe hemophilia A (HA) after emicizumab (EMI) therapy. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and TEG testing results of 17 children with severe HA before and after EMI treatment at Shenzhen Children's Hospital from January 2023 to July 2024. Correlation analysis was conducted between coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) equivalent activity and reaction time (R value) measured by TEG. RESULTS: After EMI treatment, the mean bleeding rate for children with severe HA was 1.6 events per year, with 15 children (88%) without spontaneous bleeding or joint bleeding. The children with severe HA showed a significant reduction in APTT after EMI treatment (P<0.05), with a significantly shorter APTT than the normal control group (P<0.05). There was no correlation between APTT and FVIII equivalent activity after treatment (P>0.05). After EMI treatment, TEG parameters, including R value, kinetic time, alpha angle (α), maximum amplitude, clot strength, and coagulation index, shifted from a hypocoagulable state before treatment to a nearly normal state after treatment (P<0.05). The R value demonstrated a strong negative correlation with FVIII equivalent activity (r=-0.758, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The bleeding condition of children with severe HA can be effectively controlled after EMI treatment. Routine APTT testing cannot reflect true coagulation function, whereas TEG testing is clinically valuable in assessing the coagulation function of children with severe HA undergoing EMI treatment.
Humans ; Thrombelastography ; Hemophilia A/physiopathology* ; Male ; Child ; Antibodies, Bispecific/therapeutic use* ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use* ; Blood Coagulation/drug effects* ; Child, Preschool ; Retrospective Studies ; Female ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Adolescent ; Infant

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the correlation of seminal plasma oxidation reduction potential (ORP), normalized oxidation-reduction potential (nORP) and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) to sperm motion parameters, and their clinical predictive value for oligoasthenozoospermia (OAZ). METHODS: This study included 433 male subjects visiting the Clinic of Andrology in our hospital from March to May 2024. According to sperm concentration and the percentage of progressively motile sperm (PMS), we divided them into a normal control (n = 119), an oligozoospermia (OZ, n = 118), an athenozoospermia (AZ, n = 119) and an OAZ group (n = 77). Using the electrode method, we measured the seminal plasma ORP, calculated nORP=ORP/sperm concentration (mV/［10⁶/ml］), and determined DFI and high DNA chromatin sperm (HDS) by flow cytometry based on sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA), followed by comparison among the four groups in age, abstinence days, semen volume, total sperm count, sperm concentration, PMS, non-progressively motile sperm (NPMS), immotile sperm (IMS), curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), linearity (LIN), straightness(STR), wobble (WOB), DFI, HDS, ORP and nORP. Using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, we assessed the predictive value of DFI, ORP and nORP for OAZ, and analyzed the correlation of DFI, ORP and nORP to sperm motion parameters by Pearson and Spearman analyses. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed statistically significant differences among the four groups in semen volume, abstinence days, total sperm count, sperm concentration, PMS, NPMS, IMS, total sperm motility, VCL, VSL, VAP, STR, DFI, HDS, ORP and nORP (P < 0.05), but not in age, LIN and WOB (P > 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the predictive value of DFI for OAZ was 0.880, with the critical value of 8.920, sensitivity of 74.8% and specificity of 88.2%; that of ORP for AZ was 0.698, with the critical value of 155.375, sensitivity of 70.6% and specificity of 64.7%; and that of nORP for OZ was 0.999, with the critical value of 9.844, sensitivity of 98.3% and specificity of 99.2%. Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses showed that DFI was correlated positively with age, abstinence days, semen volume, IMS, HDS and ORP, but negatively with PMS, NPMS, total sperm motility, VCL, VSL, VAP and STR; ORP positively with abstinence days, semen volume, IMS, DFI and nORP, but negatively with PMS, NPMS, total sperm motility, VSL, LIN and STR; and nORP positively with HDS, but negatively with abstinence days, total sperm count, sperm concentration, PMS and NPMS. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress (OS) may be an important pathological factor for elevated ORP, increased DFI and changes of routine sperm motion parameters, consequently leading to OAZ. As OS markers, DFI and ORP have a high predictive value for OS-induced OAZ.
Male ; Humans ; DNA Fragmentation ; Semen/metabolism* ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Adult ; Oligospermia ; Sperm Count ; Semen Analysis ; Asthenozoospermia

Clinically,carotid atherosclerotic stenosis(CASS)is an important cause of stroke in China.The optimal treatment option for asymptomatic carotid atherosclerotic stenosis(ACAS)has not been conclusive,which is still a hot issue in recent years.With the development of endovascular interventional technique,and patient's higher requirements for recovery speed and comfort level,the carotid artery stenting(CAS)has been used more frequently than carotid endarterectomy(CEA).Therefore,the relative benefit of CAS for the treatment of ACAS requires further evaluation.This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about CAS for the treatment of ACAS,focusing on the indications,efficacy,complications and factors affecting curative efficacy,so as to provide reference for selecting the treatment method of the patients.

Objective To analyze the results of ultrasonic examinations of hip joints in preterm infants,clarify the developmental characteristics of hip joints across different gestational ages.Meth-ods A total of 881 preterm infants who attended the Child Healthcare Outpatient Clinic of Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital between January 2023 and April 2024 were enrolled.The first ultrasonic examination of the hip joints was performed at a corrected gestational age of 4 to 6 weeks.The Graf classification method was employed to categorize the ultrasonic findings.Differences in hip joint development among preterm infants of varying gestational ages were compared,and rele-vant influencing factors were statistically analyzed.Results A total of 1,762 hip joints were exam-ined,with 30 cases of abnormal hip joints detected,yielding an abnormality detection rate of 3.4％(30/881).Among these,26 hips were classified as type Ⅱa and 8 as type Ⅱb.Statistically signifi-cant differences were observed in the detection of left-sided abnormal hip joints between preterm in-fants of other gestational age groups and late preterm infants(P＜0.05).A statistically significant difference was found in the classification of right-sided hip joints between preterm infants of different genders(P＜0.05),while no significant difference was observed for left-sided hip joints(P＞0.05).Statistically significant differences were noted in the detection rates of bilateral abnormal hip joints among preterm infants with varying birth weights(P＜0.05).Advanced maternal age was found to influence the development of left-sided hip joints inpreterm infants,whereas factors such as assisted reproductive technology,breech presentation,and nulliparity had no significant impacts on abnormal hip joint development in preterm infants.Conclusion Ultrasonic technology demonstrates signifi-cant advantages in screening for developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH)in preterm infants.Dif-ferent gestational ages exert a notable influence on the development of left-sided hip joints in preterm infants.Female preterm infants exhibit a higher risk of right-sided hip joint abnormalities compared to the left side.Breech presentation,assisted reproductive technology,and nulliparity are not risk factors for DDH in preterm infants.However,higher birth weight in preterm infants and advanced maternal age are associated with abnormal hip joint development.Clinical attention should focus on high-risk factors,and enhanced dynamic ultrasonic monitoring of hip joints in preterm infants is war-ranted to facilitate early intervention and treatment.

【Objective】 To investigate the current state of infant responsive caregiving and to analyze its correlation with caregiver parenting confidence, in order to provide theoretical basis for improving the level of responsive care for infants and young children. 【Methods】 A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2022 to February 2023 to select 1 028 infants and young children under 3 years old who underwent health examinations in the Department of Child Healthcare. Participants completed a general data questionnaire, the Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale, and the Infant Responsive Caregiving Scale. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the related influencing factors of infant responsive care and to analyze the relationship between caregiver parenting confidence and responsive caregiving. 【Results】 The level of responsive caregiving was found to be associated with various factors such as infant age(χ²=21.196), mode of pregnancy(Z=-2.072), history of pregnancy protection during pregnancy(Z=-4.713), history of pregnancy complications (Z=-4.504), gestational week at birth(χ²=41.358), small for term infants(Z=-3.497), neonatal intracranial hemorrhage(Z=-5.425), neonatal hyperbilirubinemia(Z=-2.184), maternal education level(χ²=9.419), family income(χ²=11.211) as well as type of family (χ²=15.360)(P < 0.05). Additionally, a significant correlation was observed between parenting confidence and responsive caregiving(r=0.421,P<0.001). Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis revealed that caregiver parenting confidence had a significant positive effect on the level of responsive caregiving (B=0.623, P<0.05), even after controlling for the effect of demographic factors. 【Conclusion】 The level of infant responsive caregiving is influenced by caregiver parenting confidence, and increasing caregiver parenting confidence can effectively improve the quality of responsive caregiving for infants and young children.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology,small molecule generation models have emerged as a significant research direction in the field of drug discovery.These models,including Generative Adversarial Networks(GANs),Variational Autoencoders(VAEs),and diffusion models,have proven to possess remarkable capabilities in optimizing drug properties and generating complex molecular structures.This article comprehensively analyzes the application of the aforementioned advanced technologies in the drug discovery process,demonstrating how they supplement and enhance traditional drug design methods.At the same time,it addresses the challenges facing current methods in terms of data quality,model complexity,computational cost,and generalization ability,with a prospect of future research directions.

Objective To understand the current situation of human brain donation in Hebei Province by analyzing the basic information of Human Brain Bank samples of Hebei Medical University in order to provide basic data support for subsequent scientific research.Methods The samples collected from the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University were analyzed(from December 2019 to February 2024),including gender,age,cause of death,as well as quality control data such as postmortem delay time,pH value of cerebrospinal fluid and and RNA integrity number and result of neuropathological diagnosis.Results Until February 2024,30 human brain samples were collected and stored in the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University,with a male to female ratio of 9∶1.Donors over 70 years old accounted for 53％.Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases(36.67％)and nervous system diseases(23.33％)accounted for a high proportion of the death causes.The location of brain tissue donors in Shijiazhuang accounted for 90％donations,and the others were from outside the city.The postmortem delay time was relatively short,90％within 12 hours and 10％more than 12 hours.69.23％of the brain samples had RNA integrity values greater than 6.Cerebrospinal fluid pH values ranged from 5.8 to 7.5,with an average value of 6.60±0.45.Brain weights ranged from 906-1496 g,with an average value of(1210.78±197.84)g.Three apolipoprotein E(APOE)alleles were detected including five genotypes(ε2/ε3,ε2/ε4,ε3/ε3,ε3/ε4,ε4/ε4).Eleven staining methods related to neuropathological diagnosis had been established and used.A total of 12 cases were diagnosed as neurodegenerative diseases(including Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,multiple system atrophy,corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy,etc.),accounting for 40％donated brains.The comorbidity rate of samples over 80 years old was 100％.Conclusion The summary and analyses of the data of brain donors in the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University can reflect the current situation of the construction and operation of the brain bank in Hebei Province,and it can also be more targeted to understand and identify potential donors.Our information can provide reference for the construction of brain bank and provides more reliable materials and data support for scientific research.

Objective:To carry out evidence-based nursing for postoperative exercise rehabilitation of patients with vertebral fractures, develop review indicators, analyze obstacles and facilitators in evidence-based nursing practice, and formulate reform strategies.Methods:Guided by the evidence-based nursing practice model of the Joanna Briggs Institute, this study incorporated evidence of postoperative exercise rehabilitation in patients with vertebral fractures and developed review items. Based on baseline review, the obstacles and facilitators in evidence-based nursing practice were analyzed, and reform strategies were formulated.Results:A total of 29 evidence items were included, and 16 review indicators were formulated. Only seven indicators had a compliance rate of 100%, two indicators had a compliance rate of 0, and the compliance rate of the remaining indicators was between 11% and 95%. The obstacles in evidence-based nursing practice came from three levels: system, practitioner, and patient. The facilitators included strong leadership and organizational abilities, close cooperation between medical and nursing teams, and so on. Corresponding change strategies were developed based on obstacles and facilitators.Conclusions:There is a certain gap between the evidence of exercise rehabilitation and evidence-based nursing practice in postoperative patients with vertebral fractures. We should make full use of facilitators to overcome obstacles and implement reform strategies.