Objective: To validate the performance of the Procleix UltrioPlex E assay (Grifols, Spain) on the Procleix Panther automated nucleic acid detection platform, which employs the TMA method to simultaneously detect HIV-1/HIV-2/HCV/HBV/HEV viruses, and to evaluate its value for screening transfusion-associated infectious diseases. Methods: In accordance with the requirements of ISO15189"Application of the Guidelines for the Accreditation of Quality and Capabilities of Medical Laboratories in the Field of Molecular Diagnostics (CNAS-CL02-A009: 2018)", "Guidelines for Performance Validation of Molecular Diagnostic Testing Procedures (CNAS-GL039: 2019)", and the "Technical Operating Procedures for Blood Banks (2019 Edition)", this study validated the reagent's performance in terms of analytical sensitivity validation, performance consistency validation, interference resistance, and cross-contamination resistance. Results: Probit analysis revealed that the 95% detection limits (95% confidence interval) for HBV, HCV, HIV, and HEV were 2.0 IU/mL, 1.5 IU/mL, 18.0 IU/mL and 3.7 IU/mL, respectively, which were consistent with the minimum detection limits stated in the kit's package insert and were comparable to the Procleix Ultrio Elite kit. Both kits were used to test the performance validation serum plate simultaneously, yielding results consistent with the serum plate (Kappa=1), indicating stable performance. Detection of medium-and low-concentration lipemia and weakly positive hemolysis samples demonstrated good interference resistance. Cross-contamination performance validation showed that the kit exhibited excellent cross-contamination resistance. Conclusion: The Procleix UltrioPlex E nucleic acid detection kit enables combined detection of HIV-1, HIV-2, HCV, HBV, and HEV, allowing single-test screening for multiple viruses in donor blood. The kit's analytical performance is stable and meets basic laboratory requirements, making it suitable for screening transfusion-associated infectious diseases in blood banks.

Objective: To understand the correlation between autistic traits in children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) and their parental behaviors, so as to provide evidence for improving social behavior in children with ASD. Methods: A total of 62 children aged 4-7 years diagnosed with ASD at Guangdong Provincial Work Injury Rehabilitation Hospital and Guangzhou Yuexiu District Children s Hospital from October 2021 to May 2025 were selected as the ASD group. A random number table method was used to select 62 healthy children of the same age from 3 ordinary kindergartens in Guangzhou as the control (typically developing,TD) group. The Parental Behavior Inventory and Social Responsiveness Scale were used to evaluate parental behaviors and autistic traits in both groups. The t-test and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationship between autistic traits in children with ASD and parental behaviors. Results: Compared with the TD group, the ASD group had significantly higher scores in social awareness, social cognition, social communication, social motivation, autistic behavior patterns, and the total score of social responsiveness, with statistically significant differences ( t =35.83, 46.17, 64.36, 41.45, 49.46,101.15, all P <0.01). The score of parental support/participation in the ASD group (24.61±4.30) was lower than that in the TD group (31.27±4.58), while the score of parental hostility/coercion in the ASD group (25.51±2.72) was higher than that in the TD group (12.75±2.72), with statistically significant differences ( t = -8.34, 26.14, both P <0.01). The total score of the Social Responsiveness Scale was negatively correlated with the dimension score of parental support/participation behaviors, and positively correlated with the dimension score of parental hostility/coercion behaviors ( r =-0.60, 0.91,both P <0.05). After adjusting for covariates such as children s age, gender, and primary caregiver, ASD children with exclusive breastfeeding ( β =-8.79) and parental support/participation behaviors ( β = -0.79 ) had a lower risk of autistic traits, while children with parental hostility/coercion behaviors ( β =4.62) had a higher risk of autistic traits (all P <0.05). Conclusion Autistic traits in children with ASD may be related to their parental behaviors and early feeding mode.

Objective To gain insights into the biological characteristics of different populations of Culex tritaeniorhynchus within and around the Yellow Sea wetland from the perspective of the occurrence of resistance, we investigated the levels of resistance to deltamethrin and kdr gene mutation in the wetland and its peripheral areas. Methods Specimens were collected from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus populations at two monitoring sites in the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve and Tiaozi Ni Wetland Scenic Area, and also from two populations in Yancheng City and the Liuhe District of Nanjing, and the resistance of these mosquitoes to deltamethrin was determined using the CDC biotest bottle method. For each concentration of deltamethrin assessed, a random subset of exposed specimens was selected for amplification of the kdr gene fragment, followed by Sanger sequencing to identify and analyze resistance-associated mutations. Results The LC50 levels of deltamethrin among mosquitoes from the four populations in Luhe, Yancheng, the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve and the Tiaozi Ni Wetland Scenic Area were 2.048 5, 7.798 2, 3.473 3, and 17.695 5 mg/mL, respectively, with corresponding concentrations of deltamethrin ranging from 0.005 to 5.000,0.050 to 50.000,0.050 to 25.000 and 0.050 to 50.000 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the ranges of the KT50 values were 11.76-107.43, 67.05-216.30,29.77-107.43 and 28.40-329.51 min; the 1-h knockdown rates were 34.58%-99.15%, 9.52%-43.80%, 55.09%-73.01%, and 10.09%-68.07%; and the 24-h mortality rates were 12.15%-67.52%,9.52%-79.56%,13.17%-82.21%, and 11.01%-78.99%, respectively. With respect to kdr gene mutation, we assayed a total of 63,70,59, and 57 mosquitoes for the four populations, for which we detected L1014F mutation frequencies of 14.29%, 35.00%, 20.34%, and 31.58%, respectively, with a majority of these mutations being heterozygous for resistance. In addition, five adult mosquitoes were identified has having synonymous mutations at site 1011[i. e. , AAT(asparagine)mutation to AAC(asparagine)]. Conclusions Our findings revealed the clear resistance of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus to deltamethrin in the Yancheng region of the Yellow Sea wetland, and the resistance phenotype and kdr frequency of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the wetland environment were comparable to those of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the wetland environment, thereby indicating that the resistance of different populations of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was homogeneous under the pressure of different insecticide selection within and around the wetland. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be further studied.

AIM: To analyze the prevalence, severity, types, and correction of astigmatism in children, and provide scientific evidences for the prevention and treatment of refractive errors.METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 29 153 children aged 6-12 years from Xi'an and Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, China. Visual acuity and non-cycloplegic refraction were measured. Astigmatism was defined as an absolute cylindrical power ≥0.5 D in the right eye. Differences in astigmatism severity, type distribution, and refractive correction were analyzed across age, gender, and region.RESULTS:The prevalence of astigmatism increased with age, peaking at 11 years old(62.88%). Boys(57.10%)had a higher prevalence than girls(54.86%), and the municipal areas(58.29%)had a higher prevalence than county areas(51.75%). Mild astigmatism was the most common(63.82%), with moderate astigmatism increasing with age. The highest prevalence of high astigmatism was observed in 11-years-old children(9.68%). Compound myopic astigmatism(59.28%)and mixed astigmatism(25.16%)were the most frequent types. With increasing age, compound myopic astigmatism increased, while simple myopic, simple hyperopic, and compound hyperopic astigmatism decreased. Mixed astigmatism increased from ages 6 to 7, but declined from ages 7 to 12. For astigmatic axis types, with-the-rule astigmatism was the most prevalent(81.06%)and increased with age, peaking at 11 years(85.74%). Against-the-rule astigmatism showed a declining trend, while oblique astigmatism remained relatively stable. Distribution differences in astigmatism types and axes by gender and region were observed. Significant differences in astigmatism severity, types, and axis types across different ages, genders, and regions were observed(all P<0.05). The overall refractive correction rate for children with astigmatism was only 40.18%.CONCLUSION: The overall prevalence of astigmatism among children aged 6-12 years in Shaanxi Province was 56.02%, with higher prevalence observed in boys and in municipal areas. Age, gender, and region significantly influenced the prevalence of astigmatism. Notably, less than half of the children with astigmatism received refractive correction, highlighting the need for increased attention from parents and relevant authorities.

ObjectiveTo clarify the protective effect of Danlou tablet， a representative traditional Chinese medicine of the stagnation of phlegm and blood stasis co-treatment method， on vascular endothelial function in patients with atherosclerosis （AS）. MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted. From September 2023 to November 2023， a total of 72 patients who were diagnosed at Guang'anmen Hospital， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for carotid atherosclerosis （CAS） combined with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease （CHD） and stable angina pectoris （SAP） were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into a control group （receiving conventional Western medicine treatment） and an observation group （receiving Danlou tablet combined with conventional Western medicine treatment）， with 36 cases in each group. The intervention lasted for 12 weeks. The frequency of angina pectoris attacks was recorded to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Danlou tablet. Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients， and the expression levels of serum endothelial injury markers before and after treatment were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The nitrate reductase method was employed to evaluate the protective effect of Danlou tablet on vascular function. The expression levels of serum inflammatory factors and lipoproteins were determined by ELISA and an automatic biochemical analyzer （dynamic timed scatter turbidimetry and enzymatic method） to assess the anti-inflammatory and lipid-regulating effects of Danlou tablet. ResultsIn terms of angina pectoris attacks， compared with that in the control group， the frequency of attacks in the observation group was reduced （P<0.05）. In terms of endothelial injury markers， compared with the levels before treatment within the same group， the levels of endothelin-1 （ET-1）， intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1）， and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 （VCAM-1） in the peripheral blood of the observation group were decreased （P<0.05）， while the levels of nitric oxide （NO） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） were increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the differences in ET-1， NO， ICAM-1， and VCAM-1 were significant （P<0.05）. In terms of serum inflammatory factors， after treatment， the interleukin-6 （IL-6） level in the observation group was decreased significantly （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the IL-6 level in the observation group was decreased significantly （P<0.01）. In terms of serum lipoproteins， after treatment， the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in the observation group was decreased （P<0.05）. After treatment， the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. In terms of safety evaluation， no serious adverse events occurred in either group during the intervention period. ConclusionDanlou tablet applied to patients with CAS combined with CHD can improve endothelial function， reduce inflammatory indicators， alleviate symptoms， improve the quality of life of patients， and demonstrate good safety.

ObjectiveTo clarify the protective effect of Danlou tablet， a representative traditional Chinese medicine of the stagnation of phlegm and blood stasis co-treatment method， on vascular endothelial function in patients with atherosclerosis （AS）. MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted. From September 2023 to November 2023， a total of 72 patients who were diagnosed at Guang'anmen Hospital， China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for carotid atherosclerosis （CAS） combined with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease （CHD） and stable angina pectoris （SAP） were enrolled. The patients were randomly divided into a control group （receiving conventional Western medicine treatment） and an observation group （receiving Danlou tablet combined with conventional Western medicine treatment）， with 36 cases in each group. The intervention lasted for 12 weeks. The frequency of angina pectoris attacks was recorded to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Danlou tablet. Peripheral blood samples were collected from patients， and the expression levels of serum endothelial injury markers before and after treatment were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The nitrate reductase method was employed to evaluate the protective effect of Danlou tablet on vascular function. The expression levels of serum inflammatory factors and lipoproteins were determined by ELISA and an automatic biochemical analyzer （dynamic timed scatter turbidimetry and enzymatic method） to assess the anti-inflammatory and lipid-regulating effects of Danlou tablet. ResultsIn terms of angina pectoris attacks， compared with that in the control group， the frequency of attacks in the observation group was reduced （P<0.05）. In terms of endothelial injury markers， compared with the levels before treatment within the same group， the levels of endothelin-1 （ET-1）， intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1）， and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 （VCAM-1） in the peripheral blood of the observation group were decreased （P<0.05）， while the levels of nitric oxide （NO） and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） were increased （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the differences in ET-1， NO， ICAM-1， and VCAM-1 were significant （P<0.05）. In terms of serum inflammatory factors， after treatment， the interleukin-6 （IL-6） level in the observation group was decreased significantly （P<0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment， the IL-6 level in the observation group was decreased significantly （P<0.01）. In terms of serum lipoproteins， after treatment， the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in the observation group was decreased （P<0.05）. After treatment， the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C） in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group （P<0.05）. In terms of safety evaluation， no serious adverse events occurred in either group during the intervention period. ConclusionDanlou tablet applied to patients with CAS combined with CHD can improve endothelial function， reduce inflammatory indicators， alleviate symptoms， improve the quality of life of patients， and demonstrate good safety.

Objective:To compare the application effects of upper arm autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and forearm arteriovenous graft (AVG) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients, and to analyze the factors influencing the long-term patency rate of arteriovenous fistulas in MHD patients.Methods:It was a retrospective cohort study. The data of MHD patients treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2021 to May 2023 was collected. Participants were stratified into two groups: forearm AVG and upper arm AVF. The parameters including urea clearance index (Kt/V), serum C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin levels, access-related costs, complication rates, and long-term primary patency were compared. The end event was defined as arteriovenous fistula failure, that was, the arteriovenous fistula could not be used for dialysis puncture, or the arteriovenous fistula lost function after adequate blood flow was achieved. Kaplan-Meier survival curves with log-rank tests were employed to compare access survival, while multivariable Cox regression was used to analyze the independent associated factors of patency.Results:A total of 71 MHD patients were enrolled in this study, including 35 males, with age of (64.9±11.7) years and fistula establishment time of 30.0(17.0, 58.0) months. There were 32 cases (45.1%) in the forearm AVG group and 39 cases (54.9%) in the upper arm AVF group. Compared with the forearm AVG group, the upper arm AVF group had higher serum albumin levels [38.9 (37.0, 42.1) g/L vs. 38.0 (34.6, 40.0) g/L, Z=-2.364, P=0.018], higher pain scores [3.0(2.0, 5.0) points vs. 2.0(1.0, 3.0) points, Z=-3.012, P=0.003], and higher long-term patency rates of arteriovenous fistulas (at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months, all P<0.01), while the complication rate[61.5% (24/39) vs. 93.7% (30/32), χ2=10.015, P=0.002], the cost of the access [0 (0, 9,117.0) yuan·year -1·person -1vs. 10 380.5 (7 186.0, 30 228.5) yuan·year -1·person -1, Z=-4.094, P<0.001] were lower, and the length of the available puncture vessel segment was shorter [3.5(3.0, 5.0) cm vs. 6.5(6.0, 8.0) cm, Z=-6.477, P<0.001].The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis results showed that the primary patency rate of the upper arm AVF group was significantly higher than that of the forearm AVG group (Log-rank test, χ2=23.690, P<0.001). The multivariate Cox regression analysis results indicated that the type of fistula being forearm AVG (with upper arm AVF as reference, HR=4.907, 95% CI 1.740-13.840) and increased complications number ( HR=1.234, 95% CI 1.040-1.464) were the independent factors promoting the arteriovenous fistula failure in MHD patients. Conclusions:The type of internal fistula and the complications are the factors affecting the long-term patency rate of internal fistula in MHD patients.Upper arm AVF offers cost-effectiveness and sustained patency advantages over forearm AVG but requires careful consideration of puncture challenges and patient discomfort. Individualized access selection should balance anatomical constraints with clinical priorities.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of against-lateral correction Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)in treating atlanto-axial joint disorder(AAJD)and imaging changes.Methods:A total of 142 patients with AAJD were recruited.They were randomly allocated to a trial group and a control group using the random number table method,with 71 participants in each group.The trial group was treated with against-lateral correction Tuina 3 times weekly.The control group was offered conventional physical traction therapy once daily.The interventions lasted 2 weeks in both groups.The two groups of participants were observed before and after treatment for their changes in the global pain scale(GPS)score,visual analog scale(VAS)score for dizziness assessment,cervical range of motion(ROM)in rotation,and the extent of atlanto-dental displacement.Results:The GPS and VAS scores dropped after treatment in both groups(P<0.05)and were lower in the trial group than in the control group after treatment and at the follow-up(P<0.05).Participants in the trial group achieved a significant increase in the cervical ROM in rotation after treatment and at the follow-up compared to the pre-treatment value(P<0.05)and surpassed the control group(P<0.05);the control group only showed an increase in the left-side rotation(P<0.05).After the intervention,neither the intra-group nor the between-group comparison revealed significant differences in the extent of atlanto-dental displacement(P>0.05),though the trial group presented an improving tendency.Conclusion:Compared to physical traction,the against-lateral correction Tuina method works more significantly in improving pain,dizziness,and ROM in AAJD patients.

Objective To explore the CT and MRI imaging features of brain parenchymal ependymoma.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the CT and MRI findings of 16 cases of brain parenchymal ependymoma confirmed by surgery and compared with pathological findings.The imaging features(including size,morphology,cyst separation,solid components,peritumoral edema and degree of enhancement,etc)were analyzed.Results Fourteen cases located in the cerebral hemisphere,2 cases located in the cerebellum.All 16 cases of lesions were solitary,1 case with a regular shape and 15 cases with an irregular shape.The lesions with a larger volume were in the deep white matter adjacent to the lateral ventricle.Heterogeneous CT and MRI lesions with multiple cystic changes located inside and around the lesion.There was hemorrhage inside the anaplastic ependymoma.The solid components and cyst wall showed significant enhancement on enhanced scanning.Conclusion The pathological grading of brain parenchymal ependymoma determined its imaging features.It is characterized by internal and peripheral large cysts and nodular calcification.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of lapatinib combined with chemotherapy for middle and advanced esophageal cancer.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 91 patients with middle and advanced esophageal cancer who received treatment in the Fifth People's Hospital of Huai'an from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected. According to the treatment method, all patients were divided into the control group (46 cases receiving carboplatin and albumin paclitaxel chemotherapy) and the observation group (45 cases receiving lapatinib based on chemotherapy regimen of the control group). The clinical efficacy, tumor marker levels, immune function indicators, quality of life, and adverse reactions between the 2 groups were compared.Results:There were no statistically significant differences in the baseline data between the control group and the observation group (all P > 0.05). The objective remission rate [66.67% (30/45) vs. 45.65% (21/46)] and the disease control rate [93.33% (42/45) vs. 76.09% (35/46)] of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.08, P = 0.043; χ2 = 5.20, P = 0.023). After treatment, tumor abnormal protein [(102±9) μm 2vs. (112±10) μm 2], cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1 [(22.5±2.8) ng/ml vs. (24.2± 3.0) ng/ml], carbohydrate antigen 199 [(127±14) U/ml vs. (145±17) U/ml], tumor specific growth factor [(60±5) U/ml vs. (66±5) U/ml] levels and esophageal cancer patient supplementary scale score [(37±4) points vs. (40±4) points] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). After treatment, the observation group had a higher proportion of CD3 + cells [(71±6) % vs. (66±5)%)], CD4 +/CD8 + ratio (1.85±0.22 vs. 1.71±0.23), and Karnofsky functional status score [(88±6) points vs. (85±6) points] compared to those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the 2 groups [17.39% (8/46) vs. 26.67% (12/45), χ2 = 1.14, P = 0.285]. Conclusions:Lapatinib combined with carboplatin and albumin paclitaxel chemotherapy regimen for middle and advanced esophageal cancer can effectively improve efficacy and patients' quality of life by enhancing immune function and reducing tumor marker levels. Its medication safety can be ensured.