The ventral anterior (VA) nucleus of the thalamus is a major target of the basal ganglia and is closely associated with the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Notably, the VA receives direct innervation from the hypothalamic histaminergic system. However, its role in PD remains unknown. Here, we assessed the contribution of histamine to VA neuronal activity and PD motor deficits. Functional magnetic resonance imaging showed reduced VA activity in PD patients. Optogenetic activation of VA neurons or histaminergic afferents significantly alleviated motor deficits in 6-OHDA-induced PD rats. Furthermore, histamine excited VA neurons via H1 and H2 receptors and their coupled hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, inward-rectifier K⁺ channels, or Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels. These results demonstrate that histaminergic afferents actively compensate for Parkinsonian motor deficits by biasing VA activity. These findings suggest that targeting VA histamine receptors and downstream ion channels may be a potential therapeutic strategy for PD motor dysfunction.
Animals ; Histamine/metabolism* ; Male ; Oxidopamine/toxicity* ; Rats ; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei/physiopathology* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Disease Models, Animal ; Parkinson Disease/metabolism* ; Neurons/physiology* ; Humans ; Optogenetics

Objective To compare the efficacy of testicular repositioning and fixation combined with decompression of the testicular fascial compartment (testicular leucotomy+sheath flap repair) versus conventional testicular repositioning and fixation in surgery for testicular torsion in children. Methods Fifty-six patients with testicular torsion admitted to Hebei Provincial Children's Hospital from January 2019 to October 2023 were selected and divided into the observation group (26 cases) and the control group (30 cases),and the observation group was treated with testicular reorientation and fixation+testicular fascial compartment decompression,while the control group was treated with conventional testicular reorientation and fixation. There was no statistically significant difference in the age and left and right sides of the patients in the two groups (P>0.05). The intraop-erative bleeding,postoperative testicular atrophy,the presence of postoperative scrotal infection and postoperative hospitalization time of the two groups were compared. Results All patients successfully completed the operation without intraoperative complications. There was no statistically significant difference between the observation group and the control group in terms of intraoperative bleeding,postoperative scrotal infection rate and postoperative hospitalization time (P>0.05);the postoperative testicular atrophy rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Testicular restoration and fixation+testicular fascial compartment decompression can effectively reduce the pressure of testicular fascial compartment,reduce the ischemia-reperfusion injury of testis,and reduce the occurrence of testicular atrophy,which is safe and effective in the treatment of testicular torsion in children.

Objective:To compare the efficacy and safety of extended-field versus reduced-field radiotherapy in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients after radical operation.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 210 UTUC patients who underwent full-length nephrectomy and received postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy in Peking University First Hospital from January 2013 to November 2023, and follow-up continued until June 2024. According to the target area of postoperative radiotherapy, patients were divided into the extended-field radiotherapy group (127 cases) and the reduced-field radiotherapy group (83 cases). The overall survival (OS), distant metastasis free survival (DMFS), local recurrence free survival (LRFS) and adverse reactions were compared. In the same period, 114 patients with recurrent abdominal and pelvic lymph nodes who did not receive adjuvant therapy after surgery for UTUC in our center were prospectively collected, and the coverage of the reduced-field target area was analyzed. Chi square test was used to compare the clinical characteristics, Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze survival outcomes, log-rank test was used to compare the survival rate, and Cox multivariate regression analysis was performed on the influencing factors of survival.Results:The median follow-up was 24.5 (range: 3-74) months. There were no significant differences between the extended-field and reduced-field radiotherapy groups in terms of 2-year LRFS (93.3% vs. 98.1%, P=0.156), 2-year DMFS (84.8% vs. 91.2%, P=0.176), and 2-year OS (90.4% vs. 90.7%, P=0.707). The most common toxicities of adjuvant radiotherapy were nausea and leukopenia, with significantly higher grade 1-2 incidence in the extended-field group compared to the reduced-field group ( P<0.05). According to the analysis of patients with retroperitoneal lymph node recurrence after surgery, the reduced-field target designed according to the location of the primary tumor can cover more than 90% of the postoperative metastatic lymph node area Multivariate analysis revealed that variant histology ( HR=2.180,95% CI: 1.021-4.658, P=0.044) was an independent predictor of worse DMFS, while variant histology ( HR=3.825,95% CI: 1.514-9.662, P=0.005) and T 3-4 stage ( HR=4.452,95% CI: 1.025-19.339, P=0.046) were independent predictors of poorer OS. Conclusions:Compared with extended-field radiotherapy, reduced-field radiotherapy designed based on primary tumor location significantly reduced treatment-related toxicities without compromising postoperative therapeutic efficacy, and the reduced-field can cover more than 90% of local recurrent lesions.

Objective To explore the accumulated effects of physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep on cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)among college students and provide effective measures for enhancing their CRF. Methods From May to June in 2023,223 college students aged 18 to 24 years old were recruited from Tianjin University of Science and Technology for a 24 hours activity behavior survey and CRF testing.Compositional analysis was employed to investigate the relationships of physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep with CRF.Isotemporal substitution models were established to predict the effects of substituting various activity behaviors on CRF.Results The proportion of time spent on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA)was positively correlated with CRF of college students(β=6.40,P=0.002),while the proportion of time spent on sedentary behavior was negatively correlated with CRF(β=-3.02,P=0.004).Light physical activity(LPA)and sleep were not correlated with CRF(β=-1.06,P=0.504).Isotemporal substitution results for 15-min increments showed that replacing other activity behaviors with MVPA significantly increased the CRF of college students[SB:1.72 mL/(kg·min),95% CI=0.94-2.51;LPA:1.82 mL/(kg·min),95% CI=0.95-2.68;sleep:1.64 mL/(kg·min),95% CI=0.84-2.45].In the dose-response relationship from -30 min to 30 min,reallocating time from other behaviors to MVPA had greater adverse effect on CRF than reallocating time from MVPA to other behaviors.Among all the substitutions,replacing LPA with MVPA had the most beneficial effect on improving CRF.Additionally,a 5-min increment was considered the optimal tipping point for MVPA replacing other activities.Conclusions This study underscores the importance of participating in MVPA for improving the CRF of college students.The isotemporal substitution model provides clear goals for the allocation of time for these behaviors,aiding in future intervention measure development and policy-making.
Humans ; Sedentary Behavior ; Sleep ; Students ; Cardiorespiratory Fitness ; Exercise ; Young Adult ; Adolescent ; Universities ; Male ; Female

Objective To explore the effects of time reallocation among moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA),light physical activity(LPA),sedentary behavior(SB),and sleep on a body shape index(ABSI),body roundness index(BRI),conicity index(CI),and relative fat mass(RFM)of college students by the compositional isotemporal substitution method,thus providing measures for alleviating the obesity problem of college students. Methods Two hundred and ten college students(111 males and 99 females)aged 18-22 years old were recruited from Tianjin University of Science and Technology from April to June in 2023.Three-dimensional acceleration sensors were used to collect data of MVPA,LPA,SB,and sleep of college students.The body height,body weight,and waist circumference were measured,and four novel obesity indicators(ABSI,BRI,CI,and RFM)were calculated.The effects of substituting each activity behavior for 15 min on the obesity indicators were predicted,and the dose-effect relationship was explored at intervals of 5 min from -30 to 30 min.Results MVPA was negatively correlated with ABSI(β=-0.03,P=0.001),BRI(β=-0.27,P=0.049),CI(β=-0.10,P=0.001),and RFM(β=-9.95,P=0.004).LPA was negatively correlated with CI(β=-0.05,P=0.011)and RFM(β=-8.74,P=0.007).Neither SB nor sleep had correlations with ABSI,BRI,CI,and RFM.The results of 15 min isotemporal substitutions showed that increasing the MVPA time decreased the ABSI,BRI,CI,and RFM by 0.006-0.008,0.306-0.393,0.162-0.205,and 2.468-2.897,respectively.Decreasing the MVPA time increased the ABSI,BRI,CI,and RFM by 0.012-0.014,0.548-0.632,0.286-0.328,and 4.358-4.748,respectively.In the dose-effect relationship from -30 min to 30 min,MVPA was irreplaceable,and the negative benefits from substituting MVPA for other activity behaviors were much greater than the positive benefits from substituting MVPA for other activity behaviors.Conclusions Future research should take 24 hours activity behaviors as a whole.Increasing the time spent on MVPA and LPA and decreasing the time spent on SB is one of the effective ways to alleviate the obesity problem among college students.
Humans ; Male ; Students ; Female ; Young Adult ; Obesity ; Sleep ; Adolescent ; Exercise ; Universities ; Sedentary Behavior ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight

Recent studies have shown that an imbalance in iron metabolism can affect the composition and microstructural changes of bone, disrupting bone homeostasis and leading to osteoporosis(OP). The imbalance in iron metabolism, along with its induced local abnormal microenvironment and cellular iron death, has become a new focal point in OP research, drawing increasing attention from the academic community regarding the regulation of iron metabolism to prevent and manage OP. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), iron metabolism imbalance has potential connections to TCM theories regarding internal organs, as well as treatments aimed at tonifying the kidney, strengthening the spleen, and activating blood circulation. Evidence is continually emerging that TCMs and effective components that tonify the kidney, strengthen the spleen, and activate blood circulation can prevent and manage OP by regulating iron metabolism. This article analyzes the relationship between iron and bone, as well as the effects of TCM formulations on improving iron metabolism and influencing bone metabolism, from the perspectives of iron metabolism mechanisms and TCM interventions, aiming to broaden existing clinical strategies for prevention and treatment and inject new momentum into the field of OP as it moves into a new era.
Osteoporosis/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Iron/metabolism* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Animals ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Bone and Bones/drug effects*

The 2024 National Education Work Conference pointed out that at the current juncture of the critical period for achieving the goals and tasks of the 14th Five-Year Plan,the implementation of the Education Powerhouse Construction Plan Outline should be taken as the main line of work,and building first-class disciplines is an crucial task for a higher education powerhouse.In 2022,forensic medicine was officially listed as a first-level discipline under the medical category,presenting an un-precedented historical opportunity for the development of forensic medicine.The forensic medicine dis-cipline of Southern Medical University comprehensively improves the quality of talent cultivation and facilitates the construction of first-class disciplines as its main direction.It aims to initiate and imple-ment a high-level faculty team building plan featuring"combining recruitment and cultivation,inter-disciplinary integration";make vigorous efforts to establish a first-level doctoral program,refine advan-tageous second-level disciplines and research directions;and establish an innovative research platform from a high starting point with deep integration.The discipline adheres to moral cultivation and the Five Domains of Education simultaneous development,to build a high-quality talent joint training model.Guided by the construction of the national legal system and industry needs,the discipline will enhance social service capabilities.The forensic medicine construction in our university will continue to contribute to the rule of law in China and educational power.

Objective To explore the relationship between miR-409-3p and miR-325-3p with the efficacy of inter-ventional therapy in patients with primary liver cancer.Methods Ninety-six patients with primary liver cancer who visited Nanyang Central Hospital from October 2021 to January 2024 were regarded as the liver cancer group.All patients underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)treatment and were separated into an effective group(complete remission,partial remission)and an ineffective group(disease stability,disease progression)based on the treatment effect.Totally 91 patients with liver cirrhosis who underwent treatment in our hospital during the same period were selected as liver cancer group and 98 healthy individuals who received physical examinations during the same period were selected as the healthy group.Serum miR-409-3p,miR-325-3p levels were detected and analyzed for their correlation.Logistic regression was applied to analyze the relevant factors affecting the effi-cacy of TACE treatment.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was applied to evaluate their predictive value for TACE treatment efficacy of serum miR-409-3p,miR-325-3p levels.Results Compared with the healthy group,the serum level of miR-409-3p and miR-325-3p in the liver cirrhosis group and liver cancer group were re-duced(P＜0.05).Compared with the liver cirrhosis group,the serum level of miR-409-3p and miR-325-3p in the liver cancer group were also reduced(P＜0.05).Compared with the effective group,the serum level of miR-409-3p and miR-325-3p in the ineffective group significantly decreased(P＜0.05).There was a positive correlation between serum level of miR-409-3p and of miR-325-3p in patients with primary liver cancer(r=0.472,P＜0.001).The elevated level of miR-409-3p and miR-325-3p were protective factors for ineffective TACE treat-ment in primary liver cancer patients(P＜0.05).The combination of serum miR-409-3p and miR-325-3p was su-perior to single prediction in predicting efficacy after TACE treatment in primary liver cancer patients(Zcombination-miR-409-3p=4.556,P＜0.001,Zcombination-miR-325-3p=2.613,P＜0.01).Conclusions The serum level of miR-409-3p as well as miR-325-3p is both reduced in patients with primary liver cancer,and is related to the effi-cacy of interventional therapy.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of moxibustion (Mox) combined with low-dose tadalafil (TAD) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus-induced erectile dysfunction (DMED) with the syndrome of Qi deficiency and blood stasis. METHODS: According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we selected 90 patients with DMED for this trial and equally randomized them into a Mox, a TAD, and a Mox combined with TAD (Mox+TAD) group to be treated by mild Mox applied to the acupoints Zusanli, Sanyinjiao and Yinlingquan qd alt, oral medication with low-dose TAD at 5 mg per dose qd, and combination of the above two therapies, respectively, all for 4 weeks. We obtained from the patients their IIEF-5 scores, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms scores, Erectile Hardness Scale (EHS) scores, corpus cavernosal hemodynamic indexes, and the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) and resistance index (RI) of the corpus cavernosal arteries before and after treatment, and compared them among the three groups. RESULTS: The total effectiveness rate was significantly higher in the Mox+TAD (90.0%) than in the Mox (46.7%) and TAD groups (60.0%) (P< 0.05). Compared with the baseline, the IIEF-5 and EHS scores were increased, while the TCM symptoms scores decreased in all the three groups after treatment, more significantly in the Mox+TAD group than in the other two (P< 0.05). And the PSV and RI were remarkably increased, while the EDV decreased (P< 0.05) in all the three groups (P< 0.05) after treatment, with PSV even higher in the Mox+TAD than in the Mox and TAD groups (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION Moxibustion combined with tadalafil has a definite efficacy and safety for the treatment of DMED, which can effectively improve the erectile function of the patients by increasing penile blood supply, benefiting qi and activating blood circulation.
Humans ; Male ; Tadalafil ; Erectile Dysfunction/etiology* ; Moxibustion ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Adult ; Carbolines/administration & dosage* ; Diabetes Complications/therapy* ; Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Combined Modality Therapy

Severe open tibiofibular fractures account for approximately 28.1% of all open fractures. Among them, Gustilo-Anderson type IIIB/C fractures present significant clinical challenges due to associated bone and soft tissue defects, high infection rates, and risk of amputation. Inadequate preoperative assessment may lead to suboptimal emergency surgical planning or intraoperative complications. Historically, external fixation was often preferred, but this approach has been associated with limitations such as restricted joint mobility, delayed bone union, joint stiffness, and disuse osteoporosis, resulting in poor functional recovery. With advancements of debridement techniques, standardization of antibiotic use, and popularization of early soft tissue coverage, early internal fixation has gained broader acceptance. Nevertheless, controversies persist regarding the choice of fixation method, timing of definitive fixation, use of reamed versus unreamed intramedullary nailing, and necessity of fibular fixation. To standardize the diagnosis and early management of severe open tibiofibular fractures, reduce complication rates, and improve functional recovery, the Society of Microsurgery of the Chinese Medical Association organized a panel of domestic experts to develop the Evidence-based guideline for the diagnosis and early fixation of severe open tibiofibular fractures ( version 2025), using evidence-based methodology. The guidelines provided 12 recommendations covering diagnostic and early fixation strategies of severe open tibiofibular fractures, aiming to provide clinicians with scientifically grounded and standardized guidance.