Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics,therapeutic effect and prognostic factors of patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma(HL).Methods:A total of 129 patients with HL diagnosed in Peking University Third Hospital from January 2010 to March 2021 who were given at least one efficacy assessment after treatment were enrolled,and their clinical data,including sex,age,pathological type,Ann Arbor stage,ECOG score,blood test,β2-microglobulin,lactate dehydrogenase level,albumin level were collected.The clinical characteristics,therapeutic effect and long-term prognosis of the patients were summarized and analyzed.Results:In classical HL,nodular sclerosis HL accounted for the highest proportion of 51.6％,followed by mixed cellularity HL(36.5％),lymphocyte-rich classical HL(3.2％),and lymphocyte depletion HL(0.7％),while nodular lymphocyte predominant HL accounted for 4.8％.The 3-year overall survival(OS)rate of HL patients was 89.8％,and 5-year OS was 85.0％.The 3-year progression-free survival(PFS)rate was 73.4％,and 5-year PFS was 63.1％.Multivariate regression analysis indicated that IPI score was an independent negative factor,while hemoglobin(Hb)level was an independent positive factor for OS in HL patients.When the mediastinal mass size was 9.2 cm,it was most significant to judge the survival status of HL patients.5-year OS and 5-year PFS were 97.4％and 76.0％in early-stage HL patients without large mass,respectively,while in patients with advanced-stage HL was 83.4％and 55.9％(both P＜0.05).After 2-4 courses of treatment,the overall response rate(ORR)of patients who received chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy was 95.0％,while that was 89.6％in those with chemotherapy alone.Conclusions:The overall prognosis of patients with HL is satisfactory,especially those in early-stage without large mass.IPI score and Hb level are independent risk factors for the prognosis of HL patients.A 9.2 cm mediastinal mass can be used as the cut-off value for the prognosis of Chinese HL patients.

China prospective multicenter birth cohort (Prospective Omics Health Atlas birth cohort, POHA birth cohort) study was officially launched in 2022. This study, in collaboration with 12 participating units, aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20 000 naturally conceived families and assisted reproductive families. The study involves long-term follow-up of parents and offspring, with corresponding biological samples collected at key time points. Through multi-omics testing and analysis, the study aims to conduct multi-omics big data research across the entire maternal and infant life cycle. The goal is to identify new biomarkers for maternal and infant diseases and provide scientific evidence for risk prediction related to maternal diseases and neonatal health.

Objective To analyze the prevalence status,influencing factors,and differences among different school age groups of myopia in children and adolescents in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.Methods From September to De-cember 2019,inYinchuan,Wuzhong,Shizuishan,Guyuan and Zhongwei of Ningxia,8 primary schools,6 junior high schools,6 senior high schools and 4 universities were randomly selected by stratified cluster random sampling.Five classes were se-lected from each grade of primary school,and four classes were selected from each grade of junior high school to university.All students in the selected classes were included in the study.A total of 14 211 students were selected for questionnaire sur-vey,physical examination and visual acuity measurement.The influencing factors of myopia in children of different grades were analyzed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)and logistic regression,and the model with the smallest Bayesian information criterion(BIC)was selected as the optimal model.Results The detection rate of myopia in children and adolescents in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was 70.3％.The detection rate of myopia in girls was higher than that in boys,and that in cities was higher than that in towns,with statistically significant differences(both P＜0.001).Compared with primary school students,the detection rate of myopia in junior high school students,senior high school students and college students gradually increased,and that in the college students was the highest,with statistically signifi-cant differences among different grades(all P＜0.001).The LASSO-logistic regression analysis of the influencing factors of myopia showed that urban and rural areas,gender,age,whether or not to wear glasses at present,the number of daily break exercises,whether or not to actively participate in physical activities,and whether or not to maintain regular exercises in the past 6 months were the influencing factors of myopia in primary school students(all P＜0.05).Gender and whether or not to wear glasses at present were the influencing factors of myopia in junior high school students and senior high school students(all P＜0.05).Whether or not to wear glasses at present was the influencing factor of myopia in college students(P＜0.05).Conclusion The detection rate of myopia in children and adolescents in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is high,and there are significant differences in the influencing factors of myopia among different age groups of children and adolescents.Wear-ing glasses is a protective factor to control myopia.Targeted health education on vision should be provided based on the aca-demic stage of children and adolescents to enhance their awareness of health care and improve their visual health.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Ovarian aging is a reproductive endocrine disease caused by a variety of factors leading to a gradual decline in ovarian function until ovarian failure， which seriously affects women's physical and reproductive health and is a major factor leading to female infertility. Mitochondria， the energy metabolism centers of cells， are critical for ovarian functions. Their structural and functional abnormalities are key pathological factors leading to the declined ovarian function. Mitochondrial quality control is an important endogenous regulatory mechanism for the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and the improvement of mitochondrial functions. Abundant studies have shown that the dysregulation of mitochondrial quality control， characterized by mitochondrial oxidative damage， abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis， abnormal mitochondrial dynamics， abnormal mitochondrial autophagy， and dysregulated calcium homeostasis， is closely associated with the occurrence of ovarian hypofunction. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） is a treasure of China's medicine， demonstrating remarkable efficacy in the clinical treatment of ovarian aging-related diseases. In recent years， research progress has been achieved in the TCM treatment of ovarian aging by regulating mitochondrial quality control disorders in a multi-target and multi-pathway manner. However， systematic research remains to be carried out regarding the research progress in this field. Therefore， this article reviews the research progress in the TCM treatment of ovarian aging based on mitochondrial quality control， with a view to providing a theoretical basis for studying the clinical efficacy of TCM in the treatment of ovarian aging and a new strategy for the in-depth research on the prevention and treatment of ovarian aging by TCM.

ObjectiveTo explore the research status and trends of cohort studies on traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） efficacy evaluation from 2017 to 2022 and provide ideas and references for research in this field. MethodsSix databases including Pubmed， Web of Science， Embase， Scopus， Cochrane Library and CNKI were searched from January 1st， 2017 to December 31st， 2022. The total number of annual publications， journals， highly cited literatures， and keywords were quantitatively and visually analyzed by Bibliometrix. ResultsA total of 328 articles were included， which were published in 141 journals. The number of articles published in this field showed an overall upward trend， and retrospective cohort studies （282 papers， 85.98%） accounted for the largest proportion. A total of 151 cohort studies （46.04%） were conducted based on the database and showed an overall upward trend. The subjects were mainly patients with tumors （77 papers， 23.48%）， and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases （64 papers， 19.51%）. The top 3 highly cited literatures mainly explore the association between TCM and survival outcome and quality of life in patients with malignant tumors. Fourteen and twenty-five high-frequency keywords were included in Chinese and English literature respectively， which formed 3 clusters such as research methods， statistical analysis and diseases. ConclusionIt was the current status to focus on retrospective cohort studies and focus on patients with tumors or cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Using observational database to conduct cohort studies of TCM efficacy evaluation could be the future research direction.

Inflammasome is a kind of intracellular polyprotein complex,which is an important component of the complex system of local inflammatory microenvironment after human tissue damage.When the inflammasome is activated,it induces the activation of cysteine aspartate proteinase 1(caspase-1),mediates the maturation and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin(IL)-1 β and IL-18,and induces cell death,which plays an important role in regulating the host immune response to pathogen infection and tissue repair of cell damage.Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammatory body,which is composed of NLRP3,pro-cysteine aspartic acid specific protease-1(pro-caspase-1)and apoptosis-related spot-like protein(ASC),is the most deeply and widely studied type of inflammatory body,which plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation.When NLRP3 inflammatory bodies are activated,inflammatory mediators are produced and released,which participate in the occurrence and development of a variety of inflammatory diseases.Some studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine can improve the pathological state of a variety of diseases by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammatory bodies,and play a role in the prevention and treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases,including cardiovascular diseases,joint inflammation,diabetes and so on.This paper systematically combs the mechanism of NLRP3 inflammatory bodies,and summarizes the latest research reports on the effects of traditional Chinese medicine compound prescription,traditional Chinese medicine monomers and traditional Chinese medicine extracts on NLRP3 inflammatory bodies in the treatment of inflammatory diseases,in order to provide new ideas for the further study of the pathogenesis and drug treatment of many inflammatory diseases.

Anti-tumor traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of clinic application, in which the star molecules have always been the hotspot of modern drug research, but they are limited by the solubility, stability, targeting, bioactivity or toxicity of the monomer components of traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor star molecules and other pharmacokinetic problems, which hinders the traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor star molecules for further clinical translation and application. Currently, the nanosystems prepared by supramolecular technologies such as molecular self-assembly and nanomaterial encapsulation have broader application prospects in improving the anti-tumor effect of active components of traditional Chinese medicine, which has attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, we systematically review the research progress in preparation of supramolecular nano-systems from anti-tumor star molecule of traditional Chinese medicine, and summarize the two major categories and ten small classes of carrier-free and carrier-based supramolecular nanosystems and their research cases, and the future development direction is put forward. The purpose of this paper is to provide reference for the research and clinical transformation of using supramolecular technology to improve the clinical application of anti-tumor star molecule of traditional Chinese medicine.

COVID-19 associated Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) caused by peripheral nerve damage after SARS-CoV-2 infection is one of the most common COVID-19 related nervous system inflammatory diseases, with high incidence of respiratory failure and mortality. Positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA in cerebrospinal fluid of COVID-19 associated GBS patients has been rarely reported. This paper reports 4 patients with COVID-19 associated GBS in China who developed neurological symptoms 4-15 days after fever and were confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. All patients presented with progressive weakness of both lower limbs, 3 patients with autonomic dysfunction such as defecation and urination disorders, and 1 patient with polycranial neuritis and Miller-Fisher syndrome such as bilateral facial palsy, dysphagia, diplopia and ataxia. Nerve conduction velocity and F wave were abnormal in 3 patients, and motor conduction pathway was abnormal in 1 patient. Anti-ganglioside antibodies were tested in 3 patients, and GD1a-IgG was positive in 1 patient. All 4 patients underwent metagenomic next-generation sequencing examination in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was positive in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of 3 patients, and SARS-CoV-2 RNA was positive in cerebrospinal fluid of 1 patient.

Objective:To assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment with PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) inhibitors combined with paclitaxel (albumin-conjugated) and cisplatin (TP regimen) for locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and laryngeal organ function preservation.Methods:Data of 53 patients, including 51 males and 2 females, aged 38-70 years old, who were diagnosed with locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous carcinoma confirmed by histology and enhanced CT at the Cancer Prevention and Control Center of Sun Yat-sen University during the initial treatment from January 1, 2019 to January 15, 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received neoadjuvant therapy with PD-1 inhibitors combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel (260 mg/m 2) and cisplatin (60 mg/m 2) for 3 to 4 cycles. The main outcome measures were larynx dysfunction-free survival (LDFS), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox multifactorial analysis was further performed if Cox univariate analysis was statistically significant. Results:The overall efficiency was 90.6% (48/53). The 1-year and 2-year LDFS rates were 83.8% (95% CI: 74.0% to 94.8%) and 50.3% (95% CI: 22.1% to 91.6%), the 1-year and 2-year OS rates were 95.2% (95% CI: 88.9% to 100.0%) and 58.2% (95% CI: 25.6% to 81.8%), and the 1-year and 2-year PFS rates were 83.9% (95% CI: 74.2% to 94.9%) and 53.5% (95% CI: 32.1% to 89.1%). Adverse events associated with the neoadjuvant therapy were mainly myelosuppression (45.3%), gastrointestinal reactions (37.7%) and hypothyroidism (20.8%). Conclusion:The neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma using PD-1 inhibitors combined with paclitaxel and cisplatin can provide with a higher survival rate with a improved laryngeal organ function preservation rate.