Objective To study the trend of stroke mortality in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2012 to 2022 and to predict stroke mortality from 2023 to 2027.Methods Annual percentage change(APC)of stroke deaths in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2012 to 2022 was calculated,and then Joinpoint linear regression model was used to analyze the time trend of stroke deaths.A grey GM(1,1)model was constructed based on the stroke mortality rate in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2012 to 2022.The model was used to predict and analyze the stroke mortality rate in Minhang District,Shanghai from 2023 to 2027.The fitting effect of the model was evaluated using relative error and grade deviation.Results From 2012 to 2022,the overall mortality rate of stroke in Minhang District,Shanghai was on the rise for both males and females(total population:APC=2.50%,P<0.001;male:APC=3.41%,P<0.001;female:APC=1.46%,P=0.008).The grey GM(1,1)model was used to predict the increasing trend of stroke mortality rate in Minhang District from 2023 to 2027.The crude mortality rate of stroke in the entire population in 2027 would be 97.55/100000,with 112.31/100000 for males and 83.33/100000 for females.The fitting effect of the model was tested and evaluated to meet high requirements.Conclusion In the past decade,the mortality rate of stroke in Minhang District,Shanghai has shown a significant upward trend.The 5-year prediction results showed that the mortality rate will still on the rise year by year.

The purpose of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism of dihydromyricetin (DHM) on Parkinson's disease (PD)-like lesions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. The T2DM model was established by feeding Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (STZ). The rats were intragastrically administered with DHM (125 or 250 mg/kg per day) for 24 weeks. The motor ability of the rats was measured by balance beam experiment, the changes of dopaminergic (DA) neurons and the expression of autophagy initiation related protein ULK1 in the midbrains of the rats were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the protein expression levels of α-synuclein (α-syn), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), as well as AMPK activation level, in the midbrains of the rats were detected by Western blot. The results showed that, compared with normal control, the rats with long-term T2DM exhibited motor dysfunction, increased α-syn aggregation, down-regulated TH protein expression, decreased number of DA neurons, declined activation level of AMPK, and significantly down-regulated ULK1 expression in the midbrain. DHM (250 mg/kg per day) treatment for 24 weeks significantly improved the above PD-like lesions, increased AMPK activity, and up-regulated ULK1 protein expression in T2DM rats. These results suggest that DHM may improve PD-like lesions in T2DM rats by activating AMPK/ULK1 pathway.
Rats ; Animals ; Parkinson Disease ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Autophagy-Related Protein-1 Homolog

OBJECTIVES: To explore the role and potential mechanisms of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) in coronary artery lesions in a mouse model of Kawasaki disease (KD)-like vasculitis. METHODS: Four-week-old male SPF-grade C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into a control group and a model group, with 10 mice in each group. The model group mice were intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 mL of lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE) to establish a mouse model of KD-like vasculitis, while the control group mice were injected with an equal volume of normal saline. The general conditions of the mice were observed on the 3rd, 7th, and 14th day after injection. Changes in coronary artery tissue pathology were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. The level of CHI3L1 in mouse serum was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression and localization of CHI3L1, von Willebrand factor (vWF), and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in coronary artery tissue. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of CHI3L1, vWF, vascular endothelial cadherin (VE cadherin), Caspase-3, B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and phosphorylated NF-κB (p-NF-κB) in coronary artery tissue. RESULTS: The serum level of CHI3L1 in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Compared to the control group, the expression of CHI3L1 in the coronary artery tissue was higher, while the expression of vWF was lower in the model group. The relative expression levels of CHI3L1, Bax, Caspase-3, NF-κB, and p-NF-κB were significantly higher in the model group than in the control group (P<0.05). The relative expression levels of vWF, VE cadherin, and Bcl-2 were lower in the model group than in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS In the LCWE-induced mouse model of KD-like vasculitis, the expression levels of CHI3L1 in serum and coronary arteries increase, and it may play a role in coronary artery lesions through endothelial cell apoptosis mediated by inflammatory reactions.
Male ; Animals ; Mice ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome/pathology* ; Coronary Vessels/pathology* ; NF-kappa B ; Caspase 3/metabolism* ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/metabolism* ; Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1 ; von Willebrand Factor/metabolism* ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Cadherins

OBJECTIVE: To detect the relative expression of IGLL1 (immunoglobulin lambda-like polypeptide 1) mRNA in bone marrow of children with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), and analyze its correlation with the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the patients, so as to clarify the clinical significance of IGLL1 in pediatric T-ALL patients. METHODS: A total of 56 pediatric T-ALL patients hospitalized in Children's Hospital of Soochow University from June 2012 to December 2017 and treated with CCLG-ALL 2008 regimen were selected. Transcriptome sequencing technology was used to detect the transcription level of IGLL1 gene in children with T-ALL. According to 25% of the IGLL1 transcription level (cutoff value:448), the enrolled children were divided into IGLL1 low expression group (17 cases) and IGLL1 high expression group (39 cases). Combined with clinical data, the correlation between the expression level of IGLL1 and prognosis of the patients was analyzed. RESULTS: The comparative analysis showed that the transcription level of IGLL1 was not correlated with the clinical characteristics of the patients, such as sex, age, bone marrow blast, white blood cell (WBC) count at initial diagnosis. The 5-year OS rate of patients with high IGLL1 expression was significantly higher than that of patients with low IGLL1 expression (76.9%±6.7% vs 47.1%±12.1%, P =0.018). Further comparison of relapse-free survival (RFS) rate between the two groups showed that the 5-year RFS rate of patients with high IGLL1 expression was higher than that of patients with low IGLL1 expression, but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P =0.095). Multivariate COX analysis was conducted on common clinical prognostic factors (age, sex, WBC count at diagnosis, prednisone response on the 7th day, bone marrow response on the 15th day after treatment) and IGLL1 expression level, and the results showed that IGLL1 expression (P =0.012) and prednisone response (P =0.017) were independent risk factors for overall survival in pediatric T-ALL patients. CONCLUSION In pediatric T-ALL, the OS rate of children with high expression of IGLL1 gene was significantly higher than that of children with low expression of IGLL1 gene, and the expression level of IGLL1 gene was an independent factor affecting the survival of children with T-ALL, which suggests that IGLL1 is a marker of good clinical prognosis of children with T-ALL.
Child ; Humans ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use* ; Clinical Relevance ; Disease-Free Survival ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics* ; Prednisone/therapeutic use* ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Surrogate/genetics*

Humans ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; East Asian People ; DNA Methylation ; Hypertension/epidemiology* ; China/epidemiology*

Golgi protein 73 (GP73) is a transmembrane protein on the Golgi apparatus and can be cut and released into the blood. In recent years, an increasing number of clinical studies have shown that the elevated serum GP73 level is closely related to liver diseases. And thus GP73 is expected to be used as a new serum marker for assessing progress of chronic liver diseases. Herein, the clinical application of serum GP73 in chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma with different etiologies was reviewed based on available literatures; and a research outlook in this field is made.
Biomarkers ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Golgi Apparatus ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver Neoplasms

Based on the systematic retrieval and the reported components of Sojae Semen Nigrum and Sojae Semen Praeparatum, this study conducted in-depth analysis of conversion of components in the fermentation process, and discussed types and possible mec-hanisms of conversion of chemical components, so as to provide the basis for studying technology, medicinal ingredients and quality standards. According to the analysis, there is a certain degree of conversion of nutrients(like protein, sugar, lipid), bioactive substances(like isoflavones, saponins, γ-aminobutyric acid) and other substances(like nucleosides, melanoids, biamines, etc) in the process of fermentation.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fermentation ; Isoflavones/analysis* ; Semen/chemistry* ; Soybeans

The historical evolution， fermentation technology and key links of Sojae Semen Praeparatum （SSP） were sorted out by consulting ancient books and modern literature， and the influencing factors and control methods of quality were analyzed and summarized in order to provide reference for the quality control of SSP. After analysis， it was found that in the fermentation process of SSP， fermentation strains， miscellaneous bacteria， temperature and humidity were all important factors affecting the quality of SSP. The condition control of "post fermentation" process has been paid more attention to in the past dynasties. In addition， the delicious SSP recognized in ancient times should be made from mold fermentation， and the breeding and application of fermented mold may be the key point to solve the quality problem of SSP. Therefore， based on the evaluation indexes of SSP in the past dynasties， it is of great significance to study and optimize the technological conditions such as strain， temperature and humidity in depth to improve the quality of SSP.

ObjectiveThe aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index （APRI） and liver fibrosis-4 index （FIB-4） have been used for noninvasive prediction of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis and both indexes exhibit a high degree of accuracy in the the prediction of the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma（HCC）patients after hepatectomy.. This study aims to explore the predictive values of APRI and FIB-4 in the occurrence of posthepatectomy liver failure （PHLF） in HCC patients. MethodsThe clinical data of 426 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Laboratory data were collected from patients within 2 weeks prior to hepatectomy. APRI， FIB-4 and Child-Pugh scores were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curves were used to determine the AUC values and optimal cut-off values of APRI， FIB-4 and Child-Pugh scores. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify the independent risk factors for PHLF， and the predictive values of APRI and FIB-4 on PHLF were compared. ResultsA total of 48 patients （11.3%） developed PHLF. Multivariate analysis showed that major hepatectomy （≥3 segments resection）， blood loss >400 mL， total bilirubin （TBIL）， platelet （PLT）， fibrinogen （Fib）， APRI and FIB-4 were independent risk factors for PHLF. ROC curve analysis revealed that APRI （AUC = 0.816） and FIB-4 （AUC = 0.728） had better ability to predict PHLF than Child-Pugh score （AUC = 0.566； P<0.001）. ConclusionsPreoperative APRI and FIB-4 are independent predictors of PHLF in HCC patients after hepatectomy and have good predictive values.

【Objective】Diabetes mellitus is a risk equivalent for coronary heart disease. This retrospective study was designed to investigate the risk factors of the progression of coronary lesions in patients with type 2 diabetes（T2DM）and Non- diabetes Mellitus（NDM）.【Methods】 526 patients with T2DM and 425 patients with NDM at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between March 2001 and January 2017 who underwent coronary imaging studies（coronary angiography or coronary CTA）twice during the same period were enrolled. The effects of cardiovascular risk factors on the progression of coronary lesions were analyzed in parallel in these two types of patients.【Results】Risk factors of the progression of coronary lesions in T2DM patients included smoking（OR = 1.836，95% CI：1.030~3.371，P = 0.04），Lp（a） ［OR = 1.001，95% CI：1.000~1.002，P = 0.004（baseline）；OR = 1.001，95% CI：1.000~1.002，P = 0.009（re-examined）］，HbA1c leve［l OR = 1.471，95% CI：1.030~2.100，P = 0.034（re-examined）］，uncontrolled LDL-C（OR = 1.882，95% CI：1.091~3.245，P = 0.023），TC［OR = 2.029，95% CI：1.028~4.008，P = 0.041（re-examined）］and low HDL-C ［OR = 0.017，95% CI：0.040~0.729，P = 0.017（re-examined）］. Comparative risk factors in NDM included BMI［OR =1.746，95%CI：2.462~2.712，P = 0.026（baseline）；OR = 0.001，95%CI：0~0.394，P = 0.025（re-examined）］，uncontrolled LDL-C（OR = 2.875，95%CI：1.669~4.952，P < 0.001）and low ApoA［OR = 0.282，95%CI：0.082~0.971，P = 0.045 （baseline）；OR = 0.117，95%CI：0.038~0.835，P = 0.029（re-examined）］. Lowest level of progression was found in the group with HbA1c<6.5%［0（0~3.4）points/year vs 0.3（0~3.0）points/year vs 1.0（0~5.1）points/year，P = 0.049. 0（-0.4~2.7）points/year vs 0.6（0~4.0）points/year vs 0.9（0~4.2）points/year，P=0.029］in T2DM patients.【Conclusion】Except for achievement of LDL- C goals，there might be some differences in risk factors for progression of coronary lesions between T2DM and NDM patients. Smoking，Lp（a），TC，HDL- C and control levels of HbA1c are independent predictors in T2DM as well as BMI and ApoA in NDM. Lowering HbA1c to less than 6.5% may delay progression of lesion.