With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

With the rapid development of generative artificial intelligence(GAI)technologies,their widespread application in academic research and writing is continuously expanding the boundaries of sci-entific inquiry.However,this trend has also raised a series of ethical and regulatory challenges,inclu-ding issues related to authorship,content authenticity,citation accuracy,and accountability.In light of the growing involvement of AI in generating academic content,establishing an open,controllable,and trustworthy ethical governance framework has become a key task for safeguarding research integrity and maintaining trust within the academic community.This expert consensus outlines ethical requirements across key stages of AI-assisted academic writing-including topic selection,data management,citation practices,and authorship attribution.It aims to clarify the boundaries and ethical obligations surrounding AI use in academic writing,ensuring that technological tools enhance efficiency without compromising in-tegrity.The goal is to provide guidance and institutional support for building a responsible and sustainable research ecosystem.

This study utilized ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) to rapidly analyze and identify the chemical constituents in five processed products of Strychni Semen(raw, sand-roasted, fried, urine-soaked, and vinegar-processed products). Using PeakView software to extract compound information, 50 chemical components were identified based on retention time, accurate molecular ion peaks, secondary mass spectrometry data, and comparison with reference standards and relevant literature. Specifically, 41 components were identified in raw Strychni Semen, 48 in sand-roasted, 43 in fried, 41 in urine-soaked, and 40 in vinegar-processed products. Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were employed to identify differential components among the processed products, with variable importance in projection(VIP) values>1 and a t-test with P<0.05 as criteria. PCA revealed significant differences among the five processed products, demonstrating good clustering and separation. OPLS-DA identified 13 differential components, including brucine, strychnine, loganic acid, and chlorogenic acid. The results indicated that S. nux-vomica primarily contained alkaloids, organic acids, and glycosides, with significant compositional differences among the various processed products. Notably, the content of key components such as brucine and strychnine decreased after processing, with the most significant reduction observed in vinegar-processed Strychni Semen. In conclusion, this study provides a comprehensive comparison of the effects of different processing methods on the chemical composition of Strychni Semen, exploring the differences in the material basis of the processed products and offering data to support the scientific rationale behind the processing of Strychni Semen.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/analysis* ; Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Strychnos/chemistry* ; Principal Component Analysis

Objective To investigate the role and molecular mechanism of exosomal miR-224-5p in colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods The miR-224-5p expression in CRC patient tissues and cell-derived exosomes was measured by laser capture microdissection and qRT-PCR, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to determine the target gene of miR-224-5p. The protein expressions of p53 and unc-51 like kinase 2 (ULK2) in CRC cells were detected by western blot. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle and apoptosis. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK8 and EdU assay.Results The miR-224-5p expression was upregulated in CRC tissues and increased progressively with the rise of CRC stage. CRC cells secreted extracellular miR-224-5p mainly in an exosome-dependent manner, and then miR-224-5p could be transferred to surrounding tumor cells to regulate cell proliferation in the form of autocrine or paracrine. Moreover, ULK2 was characterized as a direct target of miR-224-5p and was downregulated in CRC tissues. Interestingly, ULK2 inhibited CRC cell proliferation in a p53-dependent manner. Furthermore, exosome-derived miR-224-5p partially reversed the proliferation regulation of ULK2 on CRC cells.Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that exosome-transmitted miR-224-5p promotes p53-dependent cell proliferation by targeting ULK2 in CRC, which may offer promising targets for CRC prevention and therapy.

Objective Serum metabolomics combined with network pharmacology were used to explore the related metabolic pathways and action targets of Shuganheweitang(SGHWT)in the treatment of depression,and to explore the anti-depression mechanism of SGHWT.Methods Ten of the 40 SD male rats were randomly selected as normal control group,and the remaining 30 rats were reproduced as depressed rat model by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).They were divided into model group,SGHWT group(7.34 g·kg-1·d-1)and fluoxetine group(1.58 mg·kg-1·d-1),with 10 animals in each group and ontinuous modeling and gavage lasted for 6 weeks.The endogenous differential metabolites in rat serum were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.The core components and key target information of SGHWT were selected by network pharmacology.Finally,combined analysis of differential metabolites and protein targets was carried out by Cytoscape software.Serum contents of arachidonic acid(AA),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and cyclooxygenase(COX-2)in each group were detected according to the analysis results.Results A total of 47 different metabolites were identified from the serum metabolome,18 of which could be recovered by SGHWT.Through pathway enrichment analysis,it was found that it was mainly involved in arachidonic acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis.71 active ingredients and 47 key target proteins of SGHWT were screened by network pharmacological means,and the proportion of arachidonic acid and related targets was the largest in the combined analysis.The ELISA results showed that compared with the control group,the serum contents of AA(P<0.05),IL-6(P<0.01)and TNF-α(P<0.01)in model group were significantly increased.Compared with model group,the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in SGHWT group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion The effective components of SGHWT have the characteristics of multi-target and multi-pathway in the treatment of depression.Further,the mechanism of action may be related to the fact that SGHWT is involved in regulating the metabolic pathway of arachidonic acid,inhibiting the level of inflammatory factors,and then improving the depression-like symptoms induced by chronic stress.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks,and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020.According to their conditions,they were divided into group A(both twins had BPD),group B(only one twin had BPD),and group C(neither twin had BPD).The risk factors for BPD in twin preterm infants were analyzed.Further analysis was conducted on group B to investigate the postnatal risk factors for BPD within twins.Results A total of 904 pairs of twins with a gestational age of<34 weeks were included in this study.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with group C,birth weight discordance of>25%between the twins was an independent risk factor for BPD in one of the twins(OR=3.370,95%CI:1.500-7.568,P<0.05),and high gestational age at birth was a protective factor against BPD(P<0.05).The conditional logistic regression analysis of group B showed that small-for-gestational-age(SGA)birth was an independent risk factor for BPD in individual twins(OR=5.017,95%CI:1.040-24.190,P<0.05).Conclusions The development of BPD in twin preterm infants is associated with gestational age,birth weight discordance between the twins,and SGA birth.

Objective To explore the current status of H.pylori infection in the natural population of Sanya City,analyze its influencing factors,and provide a reference basis for the prevention and control of H.pylori infection.Methods A total of 677 residents from four districts of Sanya City were selected by overall stratified random sampling method,and were subjected to urea 14C breath test and questionnaire survey to calculate the positive rate of H.pylori in the natural population and analyze the influencing factors of H.pylori infection.Results A total of 606 residents were included,and the number of H.pylori positive detections was 261,with a positive detection rate of 38.5％.Among them,different ethnicity,marital status,smoking,eating vegetables and fruits,and literacy level were associated with H.pylori infection(P＜0.05);gender,age,BMI,alcohol consumption,drinking water source,betel quid chewing,and the number of cohabitants were not significantly associated with H.pylori infection(P＞0.05).Family infection was an independent risk factor for H.pylori infection in the natural population of Sanya City,and Li ethnicity,frequent consumption of fruits and vegetables,and college and higher education level were independent protective factors for H.pylori infection in the natural population of Sanya City.Conclusion The rate of H.pylori infection in the natural population of Sanya City is lower than the national average.Consuming more fruits and vegetables and improving the awareness of hygiene protection are conducive to the prevention of H.pylori infection;and the promotion of the family and related members with the same examination and treatment is important to avoid aggregation of infection within the family.

Gambogic acid, a caged xanthone compound derived from Garcinia, has been proven to be an important substance basis for the pharmacological effects of the plant. In recent years, it has received continuous attention due to its broad and significant pharmacological activities. Modern pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that gambogic acid endows various therapeutic effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tumor activities, as well as benefits in retinopathy, organ protection, anti-microbial infection, bone protection, and neuropathic pain relief. Nevertheless, there is currently a lack of systematic summary and integration of the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of gambogic acid, which is critical for advancing the clinical application of this natural product. In addition, current research has raised concerns about potential safety risks associated with gambogic acid, such as organ toxicity, developmental toxicity, and hemolysis. Given this, this paper systematically reviewed and summarized the pharmacological effects, mechanisms, and toxicological profiles of gambogic acid, aiming to provide reference and data support for its clinical translation.
Xanthones/toxicity* ; Humans ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity* ; Garcinia/chemistry*

Objective Serum metabolomics combined with network pharmacology were used to explore the related metabolic pathways and action targets of Shuganheweitang(SGHWT)in the treatment of depression,and to explore the anti-depression mechanism of SGHWT.Methods Ten of the 40 SD male rats were randomly selected as normal control group,and the remaining 30 rats were reproduced as depressed rat model by chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS).They were divided into model group,SGHWT group(7.34 g·kg-1·d-1)and fluoxetine group(1.58 mg·kg-1·d-1),with 10 animals in each group and ontinuous modeling and gavage lasted for 6 weeks.The endogenous differential metabolites in rat serum were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.The core components and key target information of SGHWT were selected by network pharmacology.Finally,combined analysis of differential metabolites and protein targets was carried out by Cytoscape software.Serum contents of arachidonic acid(AA),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)and cyclooxygenase(COX-2)in each group were detected according to the analysis results.Results A total of 47 different metabolites were identified from the serum metabolome,18 of which could be recovered by SGHWT.Through pathway enrichment analysis,it was found that it was mainly involved in arachidonic acid metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis.71 active ingredients and 47 key target proteins of SGHWT were screened by network pharmacological means,and the proportion of arachidonic acid and related targets was the largest in the combined analysis.The ELISA results showed that compared with the control group,the serum contents of AA(P<0.05),IL-6(P<0.01)and TNF-α(P<0.01)in model group were significantly increased.Compared with model group,the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in SGHWT group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion The effective components of SGHWT have the characteristics of multi-target and multi-pathway in the treatment of depression.Further,the mechanism of action may be related to the fact that SGHWT is involved in regulating the metabolic pathway of arachidonic acid,inhibiting the level of inflammatory factors,and then improving the depression-like symptoms induced by chronic stress.

BACKGROUND: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) have emerged as promising therapy for immune and inflammatory diseases. However, how to maintain the activity and unique properties during cold storage and transportation is one of the key factors affecting the therapeutic efficiency of hUCMSCs. Schisandrin B (SchB) has many functions in cell protection as a natural medicine. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of SchB on the hypothermic preservation of hUCMSCs. METHODS: hUCMSCs were isolated from Wharton’s jelly. Subsequently, hUCMSCs were exposed to cold storage (4 °C) and 24-h re-warming. After that, cells viability, surface markers, immunomodulatory effects, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial integrity, apoptosis-related and antioxidant proteins expression level were evaluated. RESULTS: SchB significantly alleviated the cells injury and maintained unique properties such as differentiation potential, level of surface markers and immunomodulatory effects of hUCMSCs. The protective effects of SchB on hUCMSCs after hypothermic storage seemed associated with its inhibition of apoptosis and the anti-oxidative stress effect mediated by nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2 signaling. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate SchB could be used as an agent for hypothermic preservation of hUCMSCs.